Official publications of sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations. SanPiN. Official publications of sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations Sanpin laws

New certified EMI protection at home and in the office. Device for personal and collective protection of a person from electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and fields (EMF) - Pharaoh-1 The legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population (hereinafter referred to as the sanitary legislation) is based on the Constitution of the Russian Federation and consists of this Federal Law, other federal laws, as well as laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation adopted in accordance with them, laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. This Federal Law regulates relations arising in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population as one of the basic conditions for the realization of the rights of citizens to health protection and a favorable environment provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Relations arising in the field of environmental protection, to the extent that it is necessary to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, are governed by the legislation of the Russian Federation on environmental protection and this Federal law. The powers of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population include: Determination of the main directions public policy in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Adoption of federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Development, adoption and implementation of federal target programs for ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, scientific and scientific-technical programs in this area; Coordination of the activities of federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Organization of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and its management; State sanitary and epidemiological supervision; State sanitary and epidemiological regulation; Social and hygienic monitoring; Establishment of a unified system of state accounting and reporting in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Maintaining state registers potentially hazardous to humans chemical, biological substances and certain types of products, radioactive substances, production and consumption waste, as well as certain types of products, the import of which is carried out for the first time on the territory of the Russian Federation; Providing sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation; Introduction and cancellation of restrictive measures (quarantine) on the territory of the Russian Federation; The introduction and cancellation of sanitary and quarantine control at checkpoints through State border Russian Federation; Coordination scientific research in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; International cooperation of the Russian Federation and the conclusion of international treaties of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population. The powers of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population include: Participation in the development and implementation of state policy in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Development and adoption of laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the issues of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, monitoring compliance with these regulatory legal acts; Development, adoption and implementation of regional target programs for ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, scientific and scientific-technical programs in this area; Control over the sanitary and epidemiological situation on the territory of the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation; Development and implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures on the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation; Introduction and cancellation of restrictive measures (quarantine) on the territory of the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation; Development and implementation of measures to create economic interest of citizens and legal entities in compliance with sanitary legislation; Conducting social and hygienic monitoring on the territory of the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation; Implementation of measures for hygienic education and training of the population, promotion of a healthy lifestyle; Implementation of measures to timely inform the population of urban and rural settlements the relevant constituent entity of the Russian Federation on infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning), the state of the environment and the sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures taken; Solving other issues not attributed to the powers of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population. Local self-government bodies carry out activities in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population within the powers granted to them by the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Citizens have the right to: On a favorable living environment, the factors of which do not harmful effects per person; Receive in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in the authorities state power, local government bodies, bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and legal entities information on the sanitary and epidemiological situation, the state of the environment, the quality and safety of industrial and technical products, food products, goods for personal and household needs, the potential danger to human health of the work performed and the services provided; Exercise public control over the implementation sanitary regulations; Submit to government bodies, local self-government bodies, bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation proposals on ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; For reimbursement in in full harm caused to their health or property as a result of violation by other citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities of sanitary legislation, as well as in the implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures, in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities have the right to: To receive, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, information on the sanitary and epidemiological situation, the state of the environment, and sanitary rules in the state authorities, local self-government bodies, bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation; Participate in the development by federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies of measures to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; To compensate in full for damage caused to their property as a result of violation by citizens, other individual entrepreneurs and legal entities of sanitary legislation, as well as during the implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures, in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Citizens are obliged: Take care of the health, hygienic education and education of their children; Do not carry out actions that entail violation of the rights of other citizens to health protection and a favorable living environment. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities, in accordance with the activities they carry out, are obliged to: Fulfill the requirements of sanitary legislation, as well as decrees, orders and sanitary and epidemiological conclusions of officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision; To develop and carry out sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures; Ensure safety for human health of the work performed and the services provided, as well as industrial and technical products, food products and goods for personal and household needs during their production, transportation, storage, sale to the population; Carry out production control, including through laboratory research and tests, over the observance of sanitary rules and the conduct of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures during the performance of work and the provision of services, as well as during the production, transportation, storage and sale of products; Carry out work to substantiate the safety for humans of new types of products and technologies for their production, safety criteria and (or) harmlessness of environmental factors and develop methods for monitoring environmental factors; Timely inform the population, local self-government bodies, bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation about emergency situations, production stoppages, violations of technological processes that pose a threat to the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Have officially published sanitary rules, methods and techniques for controlling environmental factors; Provide hygienic training for workers. 1. When planning and building urban and rural settlements, it is necessary to provide for the creation of favorable conditions for the life and health of the population through the comprehensive improvement of urban and rural settlements and the implementation of other measures to prevent and eliminate the harmful effects of environmental factors on humans. 2. When developing design standards, urban planning schemes for the development of territories, master plans of urban and rural settlements, planning projects for public centers, residential areas, highways of cities, solving issues of placing civilian, industrial and agricultural facilities and establishing their sanitary protection zones, choosing land plots for construction, as well as in the design, construction, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, expansion, conservation and liquidation of industrial, transport facilities, buildings and structures for cultural and domestic purposes, residential buildings, engineering infrastructure and improvement facilities and other facilities (hereinafter - objects ) sanitary rules must be observed. 3. Approval of design standards and project documentation on the planning and development of urban and rural settlements, construction, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, expansion, conservation and liquidation of facilities, the provision of land plots for construction, as well as the commissioning of constructed and reconstructed facilities is allowed in the presence of sanitary - epidemiological conclusions on the compliance of such facilities with sanitary rules. 4. Citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities responsible for the execution of works on the design and construction of facilities, their financing and (or) lending, in the event of a violation of sanitary rules or the impossibility of their implementation, are obliged to suspend or completely stop the performance of these works and their financing and (or) lending. 1. Products for industrial and technical purposes, in the production, transportation, storage, application (use) and disposal of which the direct participation of a person is required, as well as goods for personal and household needs of citizens (hereinafter - products) should not have a harmful effect on humans and the environment a habitat. Products according to their properties and indicators must comply with sanitary rules. 2. Production, application (use) and sale to the population of new types of products (developed or introduced for the first time), new technological processes production of products is allowed in the presence of sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on their compliance with sanitary rules. 3. Citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities engaged in the development, production, transportation, purchase, storage and sale of products, in case of establishing its non-compliance with the requirements of sanitary rules, are obliged to suspend such activities, withdraw products from circulation and take measures for the application (use) of products for purposes excluding harm to a person, or to destroy it. Chemical and biological substances potentially hazardous to humans and certain types of products are allowed for production, transportation, purchase, storage, sale and use (use) after their state registration in accordance with Article 43 of this Federal Law. 1. Food products must meet the physiological needs of a person and must not have a harmful effect on him. 2. Food products, food additives, food raw materials, as well as materials and products in contact with them during their production, storage, transportation and sale to the population must comply with sanitary rules. 3. In the production of food products, materials and products in contact with them, food additives permitted in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation may be used. 4. Production, application (use) and sale to the population of new types (developed and introduced into production for the first time) of food products, food additives, food raw materials, as well as materials and products in contact with them, the introduction of new technological processes of their production and technological equipment are allowed when availability of sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on their compliance with sanitary rules. 5. Citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities engaged in the production, purchase, storage, transportation, sale of food products, food additives, food raw materials, as well as materials and products in contact with them, must comply with sanitary rules and take measures to ensure their quality. 6. Food products, food additives, food raw materials that do not comply with sanitary rules and pose a danger to humans, as well as materials and products in contact with them, are immediately removed from production or sale. Food products, food additives, food raw materials discontinued from production or sale, as well as materials and products in contact with them must be used by their owners for purposes excluding harm to humans, or destroyed. 1. Products imported into the territory of the Russian Federation by citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities and intended for sale to the population, as well as for use (use) in industry, agriculture, civil engineering, in transport, in the process of which the direct participation of a person is required, is not must have a harmful effect on humans and the environment. 2. The products specified in paragraph 1 of this article are allowed to be imported into the territory of the Russian Federation if there is a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on their compliance with sanitary rules. Certain types of products that are imported into the territory of the Russian Federation for the first time and the list of which is established by the Government of the Russian Federation, prior to their importation into the territory of the Russian Federation, are subject to state registration in accordance with Article 43 of this Federal Law. 3. Obligations to comply with the requirements of sanitary legislation for products imported into the territory of the Russian Federation, guarantees of compliance with sanitary rules for the delivery of each batch of such products are essential condition agreements (contracts) for the supply of such products. 1. When organizing food for the population in specially equipped places (canteens, restaurants, cafes, bars and others), including when preparing food and drinks, storing and selling them to the population, to prevent the emergence and spread of infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning), sanitary rules must be followed. 2. When organizing food in preschool and other educational institutions, medical and preventive institutions, health institutions and social protection institutions, setting food ration norms for military personnel, as well as when setting food standards for persons in pre-trial detention centers or serving sentences in correctional facilities, compulsory observance of scientifically grounded physiological norms of human nutrition. 3. When establishing the minimum social standards of living standards of the population guaranteed by the state, the physiological norms of human nutrition must be taken into account. 1. Water bodies used for drinking and domestic water supply, bathing, sports, recreation and for medicinal purposes, including water bodies located within urban and rural settlements (hereinafter referred to as water bodies), should not be sources biological, chemical and physical factors of harmful effects on humans. 2. Criteria of safety and (or) harmlessness to humans of water bodies, including the maximum permissible concentration in water of chemical, biological substances, microorganisms, the level of radiation background are established sanitary regulations. 3. A permit for the use of a water body for specific specified purposes is allowed if there is a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of the water body with sanitary rules and conditions for safe use of the water body for the health of the population. 4. To protect water bodies, prevent their pollution and clogging, standards for maximum permissible harmful effects on water bodies, standards for maximum permissible discharges of chemical, biological substances and microorganisms agreed with the bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation are established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation into water bodies. Projects of districts and zones of sanitary protection of water bodies used for drinking, domestic water supply and for medicinal purposes are approved by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation or local governments in the presence of a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on their compliance with sanitary rules. 5. The executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities, in the event that water bodies pose a threat to public health, are obliged, in accordance with their powers, to take measures to restrict, suspend or prohibit the use of these water bodies. 1. Drinking water must be epidemiologically and radiation safe, chemically harmless and must have favorable organoleptic properties. 2. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities operating centralized, decentralized, house distribution, autonomous systems drinking water supply population and drinking water supply systems on vehicles are obliged to ensure compliance with the quality of drinking water these systems sanitary rules. 3. The population of urban and rural settlements should be provided with drinking water as a priority in an amount sufficient to meet physiological and domestic needs. 1. Atmospheric air in urban and rural settlements, on the territories of industrial organizations, as well as air in the working areas of industrial premises, residential and other premises (hereinafter referred to as places of permanent or temporary residence of a person) should not have a harmful effect on a person. 2. Criteria of safety and (or) harmlessness to humans atmospheric air in urban and rural settlements, on the territories of industrial organizations, air in places of permanent or temporary residence of a person, including the maximum permissible concentrations (levels) of chemical, biological substances and microorganisms in the air, are established by sanitary rules. 3. Standards for maximum permissible emissions of chemical, biological substances and microorganisms into the air, projects of sanitary protection zones are approved in the presence of a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of these standards and projects with sanitary rules. 4. State authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies, citizens, individual entrepreneurs, legal entities, in accordance with their powers, are obliged to take measures to prevent and reduce air pollution in urban and rural settlements, air in places permanent or temporary stay of a person, ensuring the compliance of atmospheric air in urban and rural settlements, air in places of permanent or temporary residence of a person with sanitary rules. 1. In the soils of urban and rural settlements and agricultural lands, the content of potentially hazardous to humans chemical and biological substances, biological and microbiological organisms, as well as the level of radiation background should not exceed the maximum permissible concentration (levels) established by sanitary rules. The procedure and conditions for the maintenance of the territories of urban and rural settlements are established by local government bodies in the presence of sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on the compliance of the specified procedure and conditions with sanitary rules. 1. Waste from production and consumption is subject to collection, use, disposal, transportation, storage and disposal, the conditions and methods of which must be safe for the health of the population and the environment and which must be carried out in accordance with sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. 2. The procedure, conditions and methods for the collection, use, disposal, transportation, storage and disposal of production and consumption wastes are established by local authorities in the presence of a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of the specified procedure, conditions and methods with sanitary rules. 3. In places of centralized use, neutralization, storage and disposal of production and consumption wastes, radiation control should be carried out. Waste from production and consumption, during the implementation of radiation monitoring of which an excess of the level of radiation background established by sanitary rules was detected, are subject to use, neutralization, storage and disposal in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of supply radiation safety. 1. Living quarters in terms of area, layout, illumination, insolation, microclimate, air exchange, noise levels, vibration, ionizing and non- ionizing radiation must comply with sanitary rules in order to ensure safe and harmless living conditions, regardless of its duration. 2. The settlement of residential premises recognized in accordance with the sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation as unfit for living, as well as providing citizens for permanent or temporary residence non-residential premises not allowed. 1. When operating industrial, public premises, buildings, structures, equipment and transport, sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures must be taken and safe working, living and rest conditions for humans must be ensured in accordance with sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. 2. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities are obliged to suspend or terminate their activities or the work of individual workshops, sites, the operation of buildings, structures, equipment, transport, the performance of certain types of work and the provision of services in cases where during the implementation of these activities, works and services sanitary regulations. 1. Working conditions, workplace and labor process should not have a harmful effect on humans. Requirements for ensuring safe working conditions for humans are established by sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. 2. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities are obliged to carry out sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures to ensure safe working conditions for humans and fulfill the requirements of sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation to production processes and technological equipment, organization of workplaces, collective and individual funds protection of workers, work regime, rest and household services for workers in order to prevent injuries, occupational diseases, infectious diseases and diseases (poisoning) associated with working conditions. 1. Working conditions with biological substances, biological and microbiological organisms and their toxins, including working conditions in the field of genetic engineering, and with pathogens of infectious diseases should not have a harmful effect on humans. 2. Requirements for ensuring the safety of the working conditions specified in paragraph 1 of this article for humans and the environment are established by sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. 3. Carrying out work with biological substances, biological and microbiological organisms and their toxins is allowed if there are sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on the compliance of the conditions for performing such work with sanitary rules. 1. Working conditions with machines, mechanisms, installations, devices, apparatuses that are sources of physical factors of influence on a person (noise, vibration, ultrasonic, infrasonic effects, thermal, ionizing, non-ionizing and other radiation) should not have a harmful effect on a person ... 2. Criteria of safety and (or) harmlessness of working conditions with sources of physical factors of influence on a person, including the maximum permissible levels of exposure, are established by sanitary rules. 3. The use of machines, mechanisms, installations, devices and apparatuses, as well as the production, application (use), transportation, storage and disposal of radioactive substances, materials and waste that are sources of physical factors of influence on a person, specified in paragraph 1 of this article, are allowed in the presence of sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on the compliance of working conditions with sources of physical factors of influence on a person with sanitary rules. 4. Relations arising in the field of ensuring the radiation safety of the population and the safety of work with sources of ionizing radiation are established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 1. In preschool and other educational institutions, regardless of organizational and legal forms, measures should be taken to prevent diseases, preserve and strengthen the health of students and pupils, including measures to organize their meals, and comply with the requirements of sanitary legislation. 2. Programs, methods and modes of education and training, technical, audiovisual and other means of training and education, educational furniture, as well as textbooks and other publishing products are allowed for use if there are sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on their compliance with sanitary rules. 1. In order to prevent the emergence and spread of infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning), the sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures provided for by the sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, including measures for the implementation of sanitary protection, should be carried out in a timely manner and in full. the territory of the Russian Federation, the introduction of restrictive measures (quarantine), the implementation of production control, measures in relation to patients with infectious diseases, medical examinations, preventive vaccinations, hygienic education and training of citizens. 2. Sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures shall be included in the developed federal target programs for protecting and strengthening the health of the population, ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, as well as regional target programs in this area. 3. Sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures are carried out in mandatory citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities in accordance with their activities, as well as in the cases provided for by paragraph 2 of Article 50 of this Federal Law. 1. Sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation is aimed at preventing the introduction into the territory of the Russian Federation and the spread on the territory of the Russian Federation of infectious diseases posing a danger to the population, as well as at preventing the import into the territory of the Russian Federation and the sale on the territory of the Russian Federation of goods, chemical, biological and radioactive substances, waste and other goods posing a danger to humans (hereinafter referred to as dangerous goods and goods). 2. The list of infectious diseases requiring measures for the sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation is determined by the federal executive body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. 3. It is not allowed to import into the territory of the Russian Federation dangerous goods and goods, the import of which into the territory of the Russian Federation is prohibited by the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as goods and goods in respect of which, during the sanitary and quarantine control, it was established that their import into the territory of the Russian Federation will create a threat of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases or mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning). 4. For the sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation at checkpoints across the State Border of the Russian Federation, on the basis of a decision of the federal executive body authorized to carry out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, sanitary and quarantine control is introduced. 5. The procedure and conditions for the implementation of sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as measures for the sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation are established by federal laws, sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. 1. Restrictive measures (quarantine) are introduced at checkpoints across the State border of the Russian Federation, on the territory of the Russian Federation, the territory of the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation, in urban and rural settlements, in organizations and at objects of economic and other activities in the event of a threat of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. 2. Restrictive measures (quarantine) are introduced (canceled) on the basis of proposals, orders of chief state sanitary doctors and their deputies by the decision of the Government of the Russian Federation or the executive body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, local self-government body, as well as by the decision of authorized officials of the federal executive body or its territorial bodies, structural divisions in charge of the objects of railway transport, defense and other special purpose. 3. The procedure for the implementation of restrictive measures (quarantine) and the list of infectious diseases, with the threat of the emergence and spread of which restrictive measures (quarantine) are introduced, are established by sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. 1. Production control, including laboratory research and testing, over the observance of sanitary rules and the implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures in the process of production, storage, transportation and sale of products, performance of work and provision of services is carried out by individual entrepreneurs and legal entities in in order to ensure the safety and (or) harmlessness to humans and the environment of such products, works and services. 2. Production control is carried out in accordance with the procedure established by sanitary rules and state standards. 3. Persons exercising production control are responsible for the timeliness, completeness and reliability of its implementation. 1. Patients with infectious diseases, persons with suspected such diseases and persons in contact with patients with infectious diseases, as well as persons who are carriers of infectious agents, are subject to laboratory examination and medical supervision or treatment, and if they pose a danger to others, mandatory hospitalization or isolation in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 2. Persons who are carriers of pathogens of infectious diseases, if they can be sources of the spread of infectious diseases due to the peculiarities of the production in which they are employed, or the work they perform, with their consent, are temporarily transferred to another job that is not associated with the risk of spread of infectious diseases ... If it is impossible to transfer on the basis of decisions of the chief state sanitary doctors and their deputies, they are temporarily suspended from work with the payment of social insurance benefits. 3. All cases of infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning) are subject to registration by healthcare organizations at the place of detection of such diseases (poisonings), state registration and reporting on them by bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation. The procedure for keeping state records of the indicated cases of diseases (poisoning), as well as the procedure for keeping records on them, shall be established by the federal executive body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. 1. In order to prevent the emergence and spread of infectious diseases, mass non-infectious diseases (poisonings) and occupational diseases, workers of certain professions, industries and organizations in the performance of their job responsibilities are obliged to undergo preliminary, upon admission to work, and periodic preventive medical examinations (hereinafter - medical examinations). 2. If necessary, on the basis of proposals of bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, by decisions of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation or local self-government bodies in individual organizations (workshops, laboratories and other structural divisions), additional indications may be introduced for medical examinations of employees ... 3. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities are obliged to provide the conditions necessary for the timely passage of medical examinations by employees. 4. Employees who refuse to undergo medical examinations are not allowed to work. 5. Data on the passage of medical examinations are subject to entry into personal medical books and registration by medical and preventive organizations of the state and municipal systems health care, as well as bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation. 6. The procedure for conducting compulsory medical examinations, accounting, reporting and issuing personal medical books to employees is determined by the federal executive body for health care. Preventive vaccinations are carried out to citizens in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation to prevent the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. 1. Hygienic education and training of citizens are mandatory, aimed at improving their sanitary culture, preventing diseases and disseminating knowledge about healthy way life. 2. Hygienic education and training of citizens is carried out: in the process of education and training in preschool and other educational institutions; In the preparation, retraining and advanced training of workers through the inclusion of sections on hygienic knowledge in training programs; With professional hygienic training and certification of officials and employees of organizations whose activities are related to the production, storage, transportation and sale of food products and drinking water, education and training of children, communal and consumer services for the population. 1. State sanitary and epidemiological regulation includes: Development of uniform requirements for the conduct of scientific and research works on the justification of sanitary rules; Control over the conduct of research work on state sanitary and epidemiological regulation; Development (revision), examination, approval and publication of sanitary rules; Control over the implementation of sanitary rules, study and generalization of the practice of their application; Registration and systematization of sanitary rules, formation and maintenance of a unified federal database in the field of state sanitary and epidemiological regulation. 2. State sanitary and epidemiological regulation is carried out by the bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation in accordance with the regulations approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. 1. Sanitary rules are developed by the federal executive body authorized to carry out sanitary and epidemiological supervision, and other bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation in connection with the established need for sanitary and epidemiological regulation of environmental factors and human living conditions. 2. The development of sanitary rules should provide for: Conducting comprehensive studies to identify and assess the impact of environmental factors on the health of the population; Determination of sanitary and epidemiological requirements to prevent the harmful effects of environmental factors on the health of the population; Establishment of criteria for safety and (or) harmlessness, hygienic and other standards of environmental factors; Analysis of international experience in the field of sanitary and epidemiological regulation; Establishment of grounds for revising hygiene and other standards; Forecasting social and economic impact application of sanitary rules; Justification of the terms and conditions for the introduction of sanitary rules into force. 1. On the territory of the Russian Federation, there are federal sanitary rules approved and enacted by the federal executive body authorized to carry out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation. 2. Sanitary rules are subject to registration and official publication in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 3. Compliance with sanitary rules is mandatory for citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities. 4. Regulatory legal acts concerning the issues of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, adopted by federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies, decisions of legal entities on these issues, state standards, building codes and regulations, labor protection rules, veterinary and phytosanitary rules should not contradict sanitary rules. 1. Certain types of activities (work, services) representing potential danger for a person are subject to licensing in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. 2. A prerequisite to make a decision on issuing a license, it is necessary for the license applicant to submit a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on compliance with sanitary rules that pose a potential danger to humans the following types activities (works, services): Production and sale of food raw materials and food products, including ethyl alcohol, alcoholic beverages, drinking water and tobacco products, as well as medicinal, disinfection, disinsection and deratization agents, medical immunobiological preparations, hygiene and sanitary products, perfumery and cosmetic products, household chemicals; Provision of medical, pharmaceutical and communal services, educational activities, work with pathogens of infectious diseases and their toxins, poisons, potentially dangerous to humans, chemical and biological substances, sources of ionizing radiation, radioactive substances and materials, work on disinfection, disinsection and deratization, as well as the operation of engineering and transport infrastructure systems, including centralized drinking water supply systems and sewerage systems in urban and rural settlements; Design, construction, operation, conservation and liquidation of production facilities potentially hazardous to humans; Collection, use, disposal, transportation, storage and disposal of production and consumption waste. Certification of certain types of products, works and services that pose a potential danger to humans is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in the presence of a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of such products, works and services with sanitary rules 1. Sanitary and epidemiological examinations, investigations, examinations, studies, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other types of assessments are carried out by bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, organizations accredited in the prescribed manner, experts using approved methods, measurement procedures and types of measuring instruments in order to: Establishment and prevention of the harmful effects of environmental factors on humans; Establishing the causes of the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning); Establishing compliance (inconsistency) of design documentation, objects of economic and other activities, products, works, services provided for in Articles 12 and 13, 15 - 28, 40 and 41 of this Federal Law, sanitary rules. 2. Based on the results of sanitary and epidemiological examinations, investigations, examinations, studies, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other types of assessments drawn up in accordance with the established procedure, the chief state sanitary doctors in accordance with Article 51 of this Federal Law shall issue sanitary and epidemiological conclusions. 3. The procedure for conducting sanitary and epidemiological examinations, investigations, examinations, studies, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other types of assessments shall be established by the federal executive body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. 4. Bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation, organizations accredited in accordance with the established procedure, and experts who conduct sanitary and epidemiological examinations, investigations, examinations, studies, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other types of assessments are responsible for their quality and objectivity in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. 1. State registration is subject to: For the first time introduced into production and previously not used chemical, biological substances and preparations made on their basis (hereinafter referred to as substances), potentially dangerous to humans; Certain types of products that pose a potential danger to humans; Certain types of products, including food products, imported to the territory of the Russian Federation for the first time. 2. State registration substances and certain types of products specified in paragraph 1 of this article is carried out on the basis of: Assessment of the hazard of substances and certain types of products for humans and the environment; Establishment of hygienic and other standards for the content of substances, individual components of products in the environment; Development of protective measures, including the conditions for the disposal and destruction of substances and certain types of products, to prevent their harmful effects on humans and the environment. 3. Assessment of the hazard of substances and certain types of products for humans and the environment, the establishment of hygienic and other standards for the content of substances and individual components of products in the environment, the development of protective measures are carried out by organizations accredited in the prescribed manner. 4. State registration of the substances and certain types of products specified in clause 1 of this article shall be carried out by the authorized federal executive bodies in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation. 1. State sanitary and epidemiological supervision includes: Control over the implementation of sanitary legislation, sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures, instructions and decisions of officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision; Sanitary and quarantine control at checkpoints across the State Border of the Russian Federation; Measures of suppression of violations of sanitary legislation, issuance of prescriptions and issuance of resolutions on the facts of violation of sanitary legislation, as well as bringing to justice the persons who committed them; Control over the sanitary and epidemiological situation; Conducting sanitary and epidemiological investigations aimed at establishing the causes and identifying the conditions for the emergence and spread of infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning); Development of proposals for the implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures; Statistical observation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population at federal level, state registration of infectious diseases, occupational diseases, mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning) in connection with the harmful effects of environmental factors in order to form state information resources. 2. State sanitary and epidemiological supervision is carried out by bodies and institutions (officials) of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation. 1. To assess, identify changes and predict the health status of the population and the environment, establish and eliminate the harmful effects of environmental factors on humans, social and hygienic monitoring is carried out. 2. Social and hygienic monitoring is carried out at the federal level, the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, in urban and rural settlements by the bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation in conjunction with federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies. 3. The procedure for conducting social and hygienic monitoring is established by the Government of the Russian Federation. 1. The State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation is a unified federal centralized system of bodies and institutions exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the Russian Federation. 2. The system of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation includes: Federal executive body authorized to carry out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the Russian Federation; Bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation, created in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation for the implementation of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, cities, regions and in transport (water, air); Structural subdivisions, institutions of federal executive authorities on issues of railway transport, defense, internal affairs, security, border service, justice, tax police, carrying out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, respectively, on railway transport, in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations , at objects of defense and defense production, security and other special purposes (hereinafter referred to as objects of railway transport, defense and other special purposes); State research and other institutions carrying out their activities in order to ensure state sanitary and epidemiological surveillance in the Russian Federation. 3. The organization of the activities of the system of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation is carried out by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation, as well as the chief state sanitary doctors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, cities, regions, in transport (water, air), chief state sanitary doctors of federal executive bodies specified in the fourth paragraph of clause 2 of this article. 4. The chief state sanitary doctors of the federal executive bodies specified in paragraph four of clause 2 of this article, according to their functional responsibilities are deputies of the Chief State sanitary doctor Of the Russian Federation on issues within their competence. 5. The chief state sanitary doctors are the heads of the relevant bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation, exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. 6. Bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, carrying out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, act on the basis of subordination of the subordinate to the superior and the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation. 7. The structure of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, its tasks, functions, the procedure for carrying out its activities, the procedure for appointing the heads of the bodies and institutions of this service are established by the regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. Financing of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation is carried out at the expense of: Federal budget funds; Funds received for the performance of work and the provision of services by institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation under contracts with citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities; Funds received from citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities in order to reimburse additional costs incurred by the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation for the conduct of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures; Funds received from publishing activities; Voluntary contributions and donations from citizens and legal entities; Other sources not prohibited by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 1. Premises, buildings, structures, equipment, vehicles and other property used by the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation to fulfill the tasks assigned to them are located in federal property and are transferred to the specified bodies and institutions for use on the basis of the right of economic management or operational management in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 2. Land plots on which buildings and structures of bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation are located shall be provided to them for permanent use free of charge in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 1. Officials of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation authorized in accordance with this Federal Law to carry out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision on behalf of the bodies and institutions of the said service (hereinafter - officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision) are the main state sanitary doctors and their deputies, heads of structural divisions and their deputies, specialists of bodies and institutions of the specified service. The list of specialists authorized to carry out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision is established by the regulation on the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. 2. Influencing officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in any form with the aim of influencing their decisions or obstructing in any form of their activities is not allowed and entails liability established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 3. Officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision are under the special protection of the state in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. 4. Officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision have the right to wear uniforms the established sample. 5. The right to fill the posts of chief state sanitary doctors and their deputies have citizens of the Russian Federation who have received a higher medical education and have certificates in the specialty of "preventive medicine". 1. Officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, in the performance of their duties and upon presentation service ID they have a right: Receive from federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities documented information on the issues of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Conduct sanitary and epidemiological investigations; To freely visit the territories and premises of facilities subject to state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in order to verify compliance by individual entrepreneurs, persons exercising managerial functions in commercial or other organizations, and officials of sanitary legislation and the implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures at these facilities; To visit, with the consent of citizens, their living quarters in order to examine their living conditions; Conduct sampling for research of samples and samples of products, including food raw materials and food products; Conduct an inspection of vehicles and the goods transported by them, including food raw materials and food products, in order to establish the compliance of the vehicles and the goods transported by them with sanitary rules; Conduct sampling of air, water and soil samples for research; Conduct measurements of environmental factors in order to establish the compliance of such factors with sanitary rules; Draw up a protocol on violation of sanitary legislation. 2. In the event of a violation of sanitary legislation, as well as in the event of a threat of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning), officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision have the right to issue instructions to citizens and legal entities that are binding on them within the established time frame. : Elimination of identified violations of sanitary rules; On the termination of the sale of products that do not comply with sanitary rules or do not have a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion, including food raw materials and food products; About additional sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures; On laboratory examination of citizens who have been in contact with patients with infectious diseases, and medical supervision of such citizens; On the performance of work on disinfection, disinsection and deratization in foci of infectious diseases, as well as in territories and premises where conditions for the emergence or spread of infectious diseases exist and remain. 1. Chief state sanitary doctors and their deputies, along with the rights provided for in Article 50 of this Federal Law, are vested with the following powers: 1) consider materials and cases on violations of sanitary legislation; 2) bring claims in court and arbitration court in case of violation of sanitary legislation; 3) provide citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities with sanitary and epidemiological conclusions provided for in Article 42 of this Federal Law; 4) issue instructions to citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities that are binding within the time frame established by the instructions, on: Summons to the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation of citizens, individual entrepreneurs, officials to consider materials and cases on violations of sanitary legislation; Conducting, in accordance with their activities, sanitary and epidemiological examinations, examinations, studies, tests and toxicological, hygienic and other types of assessments provided for in Article 42 of this Federal Law; 5) upon revealing a violation of sanitary legislation, which poses a threat of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning), issue motivated decisions to suspend until such violation is eliminated or to prohibit, if it is impossible to eliminate it: Design, construction, reconstruction, technical re-equipment of facilities and their commissioning; Operation of facilities, production shops and sites, premises, buildings, structures, equipment, vehicles, performance of certain types of work and provision of services; Development, production, sale and application (use) of products; Production, storage, transportation and sale of food raw materials, food additives, food products, drinking water and materials and products in contact with them; Use of water bodies for drinking, domestic water supply, bathing, sports, recreation and for medicinal purposes; Import into the territory of the Russian Federation of products that do not have a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on their compliance with sanitary rules, or are not registered in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation of potentially hazardous to humans chemical, biological, radioactive substances, certain types of products, waste, goods, cargo; 6) in the event of a threat of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases that pose a danger to others, make reasoned decisions on: Hospitalization for examination or isolation of patients with infectious diseases that pose a danger to others, and persons with suspected such diseases; Conducting a mandatory medical examination, hospitalization or isolation of citizens who were in contact with patients with infectious diseases that pose a danger to others; Temporary suspension from work of persons who are carriers of pathogens of infectious diseases and may be sources of the spread of infectious diseases due to the peculiarities of their work or production; Carrying out preventive vaccinations for citizens or individual groups of citizens for epidemic indications; Introduction (cancellation) of restrictive measures (quarantine) in organizations and facilities; 7) for violation of the sanitary legislation, issue motivated decisions on: Imposition of administrative penalties in the form of warnings or fines; Direction to law enforcement materials on violation of sanitary legislation to resolve issues on the initiation of criminal cases; 8) make suggestions: To federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments on the implementation of measures to improve the sanitary and epidemiological situation and fulfill the requirements of sanitary legislation, as well as proposals regarding draft programs for the socio-economic development of territories, federal target programs and regional target programs to ensure sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population, protection and strengthening of public health, environmental protection; To the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments on the introduction (cancellation) of restrictive measures (quarantine); To the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local self-government bodies on bringing the normative legal acts adopted by them in line with the sanitary legislation in the part concerning the issues of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; In the organization on bringing the decisions, orders, orders and instructions adopted by them in accordance with the sanitary legislation in the part concerning the issues of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; To financial and credit organizations on the suspension of operations of legal and individuals on settlement and other accounts in cases of violation by the specified persons of sanitary rules when they carry out work on the design and construction of buildings, structures, structures and failure to comply with resolutions on the suspension or termination of such work; To certification bodies on the suspension or withdrawal of certificates of conformity of products, works and services in cases of establishing non-compliance of such products, works, services with sanitary rules; To the licensing authorities on the suspension of licenses for certain types of activities or on the withdrawal of these licenses in cases of establishing a violation of sanitary rules in the implementation of such types of activities; employers on the application disciplinary action to workers who have committed a violation of sanitary rules; individual Alleged entrepreneurs and legal entities on compensation for harm caused to a citizen as a result of their violation of sanitary legislation, as well as on compensation for additional costs incurred by bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation for measures to eliminate infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisonings), associated with the specified violation of sanitary legislation. 2. The Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation, along with the rights and powers provided for in Article 50 of this Federal Law and paragraph 1 of this Article, shall be vested with additional powers: Issue sanitary and epidemiological conclusions on the compliance of draft design standards, draft state standards, building codes and regulations, draft veterinary and phytosanitary rules, draft labor protection rules, environmental protection rules, draft educational standards, draft other regulatory acts, approved by federal executive authorities and federal target programs for ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population (hereinafter - documents) sanitary rules; Approve sanitary rules, normative and other documents regulating the activities of bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, as well as the methods provided for by paragraph 1 of Article 42 of this Federal Law; Submit to the federal executive authorities proposals on bringing the documents approved by the said bodies in line with the sanitary legislation, provided for by the second paragraph of this clause; Submit to the Government of the Russian Federation proposals on the introduction (cancellation) of restrictive measures (quarantine) on the territory of the Russian Federation. 3. The chief state sanitary doctors specified in paragraph 4 of Article 46 of this Federal Law, along with the rights and powers provided for in Article 50 of this Federal Law and subparagraphs 1 - 7 of paragraph 1 of this article, are vested with additional powers: To develop and submit to the federal executive body authorized to carry out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, draft sanitary rules for approval; Approve instructions and other documents regulating the procedure for the implementation of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision at railway transport, defense and other special purposes. Officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision are obliged to: Timely and fully implement the powers provided for in Articles 50 and 51 of this Federal Law to prevent, detect and suppress violations of sanitary legislation, and ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Establish the causes and identify the conditions for the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases and mass non-infectious diseases (poisoning); Consider appeals from citizens and legal entities on issues of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population and take appropriate measures; Inform the bodies of state power of the Russian Federation, bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies and the population about the sanitary and epidemiological situation and about the measures taken by the bodies and institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population; Carry out its activities to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population in cooperation with federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies and public associations; Observe state, medical and other secrets protected by law in relation to information that has become known to them during the performance of their official duties; Provide assistance to public associations in matters of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population and the implementation of sanitary legislation. Officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision for improper performance of their official duties, as well as for concealing facts and circumstances that pose a threat to the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, bear responsibility in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 1. Actions (inaction) of officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision may be appealed against in superior body state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, the chief state sanitary doctor or in court. 2. The complaint is considered in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. 3. The filing of a complaint does not suspend the contested actions, unless the execution of the contested actions is suspended by a court decision. 1. Disciplinary, administrative and criminal liability is established for violation of sanitary legislation. 2. Administrative responsibility is established for the following violations of sanitary legislation: 1) violation of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for residential premises, operation of industrial, public premises, buildings, structures, equipment and transport - It shall entail a warning or the imposition of a fine on citizens in the amount of five to ten times the minimum wage, on individual entrepreneurs, officials - from ten to twenty times the minimum wage, and on legal entities - from one hundred to two hundred times the minimum wage; 2) violation of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the organization of catering for the population, products imported into the territory of the Russian Federation, industrial and technical products, chemical, biological substances and certain types products potentially dangerous to humans, goods for personal and household needs, food products, food additives, food raw materials, as well as materials and products in contact with them, new production technologies - 3) violation of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for water bodies, drinking water and drinking water supply of the population, atmospheric air in urban and rural settlements, air in places of permanent or temporary residence of a person, soils, maintenance of urban, rural settlements and industrial sites, collection, use , neutralization, transportation, storage and disposal of production and consumption waste, as well as planning and development of urban and rural settlements - It shall entail a warning or the imposition of a fine on citizens in the amount of ten to fifteen times the minimum wage, on individual entrepreneurs, officials - from twenty to thirty times the minimum wage, on legal entities - from two hundred to three hundred times the minimum wage; 4) violation of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for working conditions, education and training, work with sources of physical factors of influence on humans, work with biological substances, biological and microbiological organisms and their toxins - It shall entail a warning or the imposition of a fine on individual entrepreneurs, officials in the amount of from twenty to thirty times the minimum wage, on legal entities - from two hundred to three hundred times the minimum wage; 5) failure to comply with sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures - It shall entail a warning or the imposition of a fine on individual entrepreneurs and officials in the amount of thirty to forty times the minimum wage, and on legal entities in the amount of three hundred to four hundred times the minimum wage. 3. Administrative penalties for violation of sanitary legislation are imposed by decrees of officials exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, in accordance with the powers provided for in Article 51 of this Federal Law. 4. Proceedings on administrative offenses, provided for in paragraph 2 of this article, is carried out in the manner prescribed by the Code of the RSFSR on Administrative Offenses. 5. Disciplinary and criminal liability for violation of sanitary legislation is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The decision to impose a fine on a legal entity is subject to execution by a legal entity that has committed a violation of sanitary legislation, no later than fifteen days from the date of delivery of the decision to impose a fine, in case of an appeal or protest against such a decision - no later than fifteen days from the date of notification in in writing to dismiss the complaint or protest. Upon the expiration of the specified periods and in case of refusal to voluntarily execute the resolution on the imposition of a fine, the enforcement of the specified resolution shall be carried out in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Law of the RSFSR "On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population" (Bulletin of the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR and the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, 1991, No. 20, art. 641); Article 2 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Amendments and Additions to the Law of the RSFSR" On Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being of the Population ", the Law of the Russian Federation" On Protection of Consumer Rights ", the Law of the Russian Federation" On Environmental Protection "(Bulletin of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and The Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1993, No. 29, art. 1111); Article 2 of the Federal Law "On Amendments and Additions to Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Adoption of the Laws of the Russian Federation" On Standardization "," On Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements "," On Certification of Products and Services "(Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1995, No. 26, p. 2397); Article 14 of the Federal Law "On Amendments and Additions to the Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Reform of the Penitentiary System" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1998, No. 30, Art. 3613); Pharaoh-1

Application

2.2.1 / 2.1.1. Design, construction, reconstruction and operation of enterprises, planning and development of populated areas
Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Regulations
SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03
"Sanitary protection zones and sanitary classification of enterprises, structures and other objects"
(approved by the resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of September 25, 2007 N 74)

With changes and additions from:

New edition

I. Scope

1.1. These sanitary rules and regulations (hereinafter referred to as the sanitary rules) are developed on the basis of the Federal Law "On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population" dated March 30, 1999 N 52-FZ (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1999, N 14, Art. 1650; 2002 , N 1 (part 1), Art.2; 2003, N 2, Art. 167; N 27 (Part 1), Art. 2700; 2004, N 35, Art. 3607; 2005, N 19, Art. 1752; 2006, N 1, Art. 10; N 52 (part 1) Art. 5498; 2007, N 1 (part 1) Art. 21; N 1 (part 1) Art. 29; N 27, Art. . 3213; N 46, Art. 5554; N 49, Art. 6070) taking into account the Federal Law "On the Protection of Atmospheric Air" dated 04.05.1999 N 96-FZ (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1999, N 18, Art. 2222; 2004, N 35, Art.3607; 2005, N 19, Art. 1752; 2006, N 1, Art.10), the Land Code of the Russian Federation (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation 2001, N 44, Art.4147), as well as the Regulations on the state sanitary and epidemiological standardization, approved by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 07.24.200 0, N 554 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2000, N 31, Art. 3295; 2004, N 8, Art. 663; 47, Art. 4666; 2005, N 39, Art. 3953) and taking into account the practice of establishing the size of the sanitary protection zone in recent years.

Information about changes:

1.2. The requirements of these sanitary rules apply to the placement, design, construction and operation of newly built, reconstructed industrial facilities and production facilities, transport and communications facilities, Agriculture, energy, experimental production, public utilities, sports, trade, public catering, etc., which are sources of impact on the environment and human health.

Sources of impact on the environment and human health are objects for which the levels of generated pollution outside the industrial site exceed 0.1 MPC and / or MPL.

1.3. These requirements do not apply to industrial facilities and industries that are sources of ionizing radiation.

1.4. Sanitary rules establish the hazard class of industrial facilities and industries, requirements for the size of sanitary protection zones, grounds for revising these sizes, methods and procedure for their establishment for individual industrial facilities and industries and / or their complexes, restrictions on the use of the territory of the sanitary protection zone, requirements for their organization and improvement, as well as requirements for sanitary breaks of hazardous communications (road, rail, aviation, pipeline, etc.).

1.5. Sanitary rules are intended for legal entities and individuals whose activities are related to the placement, design, construction and operation of facilities, as well as for bodies exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

II. General Provisions

4.2. The establishment, change in the size of the established sanitary protection zones for industrial facilities and industries of I and II hazard class is carried out by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation on the basis of:

Preliminary conclusion of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration for the constituent entity of the Russian Federation;

Expertise of the design of the sanitary protection zone with calculations of the dispersion of atmospheric air pollution and physical effects on the atmospheric air (noise, vibration, electromagnetic fields (EMF), etc.), performed by accredited organizations;

Population health risk assessments. In the event that the distance from the border of an industrial facility, production or other facility is 2 times or more exceeds the standard (approximate) sanitary protection zone to the border of the standardized territories, it is inappropriate to carry out work on assessing the risk to public health.

Eliminate the performance of work on assessing the risk to public health for livestock and poultry enterprises.

Eliminate the performance of work to assess the risk to public health for cemeteries.

Information about changes:

4.3. For industrial facilities and productions III, IV and V hazard classes, the sizes of the sanitary protection zones can be established, changed on the basis of the decision and the sanitary and epidemiological conclusion of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation or his deputy on the basis of:

The current sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations;

The results of the examination of the project of the sanitary protection zone with calculations of the dispersion of atmospheric air pollution and physical effects on the atmospheric air (noise, vibration, electromagnetic fields (EMF), etc.).

4.4. If, when considering the project of the sanitary protection zone, industrial facilities and production facilities are classified as lower than hazard class II, the final decision on establishing the size of the sanitary protection zone may be made by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation or his deputy.

4.5. The size of the sanitary protection zone for existing facilities can be reduced by:

Objective evidence of the achievement of the level of chemical, biological pollution of atmospheric air and physical effects on the atmospheric air up to the MPC and MPL at the border of the sanitary protection zone and beyond, based on the materials of systematic laboratory observations for enterprises of I and II hazard class (at least fifty days of research for each ingredient at a single point) and measurement and health risk assessment; for industrial facilities and productions of III, IV, V hazard class according to field studies of priority indicators for the state of atmospheric air pollution (at least thirty days of research for each ingredient at a separate point) and measurements;

Confirmation by measurements of the levels of physical impact on the atmospheric air at the border of the sanitary protection zone up to hygienic standards and below;

Decrease in capacity, change in composition, re-profiling of industrial facilities and industries, and the associated change in the hazard class;

The introduction of advanced technological solutions, effective treatment facilities aimed at reducing the levels of impact on the environment.

4.6. The size of the sanitary protection zone for projected and operating industrial facilities and industries can be increased in comparison with the classification obtained by calculation and / or based on the results of field observations and measurements for enterprises of I and II hazard class by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation; for enterprises of III, IV, V hazard classes based on the results of field observations and measurements by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation or his deputy.

4.7. The size of the sanitary protection zone for research institutes, design bureaus and other facilities that include workshops, production, semi-production and experimental installations is set in each case, taking into account the results of the examination of the design of the sanitary protection zone, as well as field quality studies atmospheric air, measurements of levels of physical impact.

4.8. For industrial facilities and industries that are not included in the sanitary classification, as well as with new, insufficiently studied technologies that have no analogues in the country and abroad, the size of the sanitary protection zone is established in each specific case by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation, if, in accordance with with calculations of the expected air pollution and physical impact on the atmospheric air, they belong to I and II hazard classes, in other cases - by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation or his deputy.

V. Regime of the territory of the sanitary protection zone

5.1. It is not allowed to place in the sanitary protection zone: residential buildings, including individual residential buildings, landscape and recreational zones, recreation areas, resorts, sanatoriums and rest homes, territories of gardening partnerships and cottage buildings, collective or individual summer cottages and garden plots, as well as other territories with standardized indicators of the quality of the habitat; sports facilities, playgrounds, educational and children's institutions, medical and prophylactic and health-improving institutions of general use.

5.2. In the sanitary protection zone and on the territory of objects of other industries, it is not allowed to locate facilities for the production of drugs, drugs and (or) dosage forms, warehouses of raw materials and intermediates for pharmaceutical enterprises; objects of food industries, wholesale warehouses of food raw materials and food products, complexes of water supply facilities for the preparation and storage of drinking water, which can affect the quality of products.

5.3. It is allowed to place within the boundaries of the sanitary protection zone of an industrial facility or production:

Non-residential premises for emergency personnel on duty, premises for the stay of workers on a rotational basis (no more than two weeks), management buildings, design bureaus, buildings administrative appointment, research laboratories, clinics, indoor sports and recreation facilities, baths, laundries, trade and catering facilities, motels, hotels, garages, areas and storage facilities for public and individual transport, fire stations, local and transit communications, power lines , electrical substations, oil and gas pipelines, artesian wells for technical water supply, water cooling facilities for the preparation technical water, sewage pumping stations, recycling water supply facilities, gas stations, stations Maintenance cars.

5.4. In the sanitary protection zone of objects of food industries, wholesale warehouses of food raw materials and food products, production of medicinal substances, medicinal products and (or) dosage forms, warehouses of raw materials and intermediate products for pharmaceutical enterprises, it is allowed to place new specialized, similar objects, with the exclusion of mutual negative impact on products, environment and human health.

5.5. The motorway located in the sanitary protection zone of an industrial facility and production or adjacent to the sanitary protection zone is not included in its size, and the highway emissions are taken into account in the background pollution when justifying the size of the sanitary protection zone.

5.6. The sanitary protection zone or any part of it cannot be considered as a reserve territory of the facility and used to expand the industrial or residential area without a corresponding justified adjustment of the boundaries of the sanitary protection zone.

Vi. Consideration of physical factors of impact on the population when establishing sanitary protection zones

6.1. The sizes of sanitary protection zones for industrial facilities and industries that are sources of physical factors of influence on the population are established on the basis of acoustic calculations, taking into account the location of the sources and the nature of the noise generated by them, electromagnets of fields, radiation, infrasound and other physical factors. To establish the size of the sanitary protection zones, the calculated parameters must be confirmed by full-scale measurements of the factors of physical impact on the atmospheric air.

6.2. The dimensions of the sanitary protection zones are determined in accordance with the current sanitary and epidemiological standards for permissible levels of noise, electromagnetic radiation, infrasound, scattered laser radiation and other physical factors at the outer border of the sanitary protection zone.

6.3. In order to protect the population from the effects of the electric field created by air lines power transmission lines (VL), sanitary breaks are installed along the route of the high-voltage line, outside of which the electric field strength does not exceed 1 kV / m.

For newly designed overhead lines, as well as buildings and structures, it is allowed to take the boundaries of sanitary breaks along the overhead line route with a horizontal arrangement of wires and without means of reducing the electric field strength on both sides of it at the following distances from the projection on the ground of the extreme phase wires in the direction perpendicular to the overhead line :

20 m - for overhead lines with a voltage of 330 kV;

30 m - for overhead lines with a voltage of 500 kV;

40 m - for overhead lines with a voltage of 750 kV;

55 m - for overhead lines with a voltage of 1150 kV.

When the facility is put into operation and during operation, the sanitary gap should be corrected according to the results of instrumental measurements.

6.4. The establishment of the size of the sanitary protection zones at the locations of transmitting radio engineering facilities is carried out in accordance with the current sanitary rules and regulations for electromagnetic radiation in the radio frequency range and methods for calculating the intensity of electromagnetic radiation of radio frequencies.

Vii. Sanitary classification of industrial facilities and production of thermal power plants, warehouse buildings and structures and the size of the approximate sanitary protection zones for them

For industrial facilities and industries, structures that are sources of impact on the environment and human health, depending on the capacity, operating conditions, the nature and amount of pollutants released into the environment, noise, vibration and other harmful physical factors, as well as taking into account the envisaged measures to reduce their adverse impact on the environment and human health in accordance with the sanitary classification of industrial facilities and industries, the following approximate dimensions of sanitary protection zones are established:

First class industrial facilities and production facilities - 1000 m;

Industrial facilities and second-class production facilities - 500 m;

Industrial facilities and third-class production facilities - 300 m;

Industrial facilities and production facilities of the fourth class - 100 m;

Industrial facilities and production facilities of the fifth class - 50 m.

7.1. Industrial facilities and production

7.1.1. Chemical objects and production

1. Production of bound nitrogen (ammonia, nitric acid, nitrogen fertilizer and other fertilizers).

Combines for the production of ammonia, nitrogen-containing compounds (urea, thiourea, hydrazine and its derivatives, etc.), nitric fertilizers, phosphate, concentrated mineral fertilizers, nitric acid, etc. require an extended sanitary protection zone, determined in accordance with the requirements of this regulatory document.

2. Production of products and semi-products of the aniline-paint industry of benzene and ether series - aniline, nitrobenzene, nitroaniline, alkylbenzene, nitrochlorobenzene, phenol, acetone, chlorobenzene, etc.

3. Production of intermediate products of naphthalene and anthracene series - betanaftol, ash-acid, phenyl peric acid, peric acid, anthraquinone, phthalic anhydride, etc.

4. Production of cellulose and semi-cellulose by acidic sulphite and bisulphite or monosulphite methods based on the combustion of sulfur or other sulfur-containing materials, as well as the production of cellulose by the sulphate method (sulphate cellulose).

5. Chlorine production by electrolytic method, intermediate and chlorine-based products.

6. Production of rare metals by chlorination (titanium-magnesium, magnesium, etc.).

7. Production of artificial and synthetic fibers (viscose, nylon, lavsan, nitron and cellophane).

8. Production of dimethyl terephthalate.

9. Caprolactam production.

10. Production of carbon disulfide.

11. Manufacture of products and intermediates for synthetic polymeric materials.

12. Production of arsenic and its compounds.

13. Production of oil refining, associated oil and natural gas.

When processing hydrocarbons with a sulfur compound content above 1% (by weight), the sanitary protection zone should be reasonably increased.

14. Production of picric acid.

15. Production of fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, intermediates and products based on them (organic, inorganic).

16. Enterprises for the processing of oil shale.

17. Carbon black production.

18. Production of phosphorus (yellow, red) and organophosphorus compounds (thiophos, karbofos, mercaptophos, etc.).

19. Production of superphosphate fertilizers.

20. Production of calcium carbide, acetylene from calcium carbide and derivatives based on acetylene.

21. Production of artificial and synthetic rubber.

22. Production of hydrocyanic acid, organic intermediates and products based on it (acetone cyanohydrin, ethylene cyanohydrin, esters of methacrylic and acrylic acids, diisocyanates, etc.); production of cyanide salts (potassium, sodium, copper, etc.), cyanide, dicyanamide, calcium cyanamide.

23. Production of acetylene from hydrocarbon gases and products based on it.

24. Production of synthetic pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical products.

25. Production of synthetic fatty acids, higher fatty alcohols by direct oxidation with oxygen.

26. Production of mercaptans, centralized gas odorization units with mercaptans, odorant warehouses.

27. Production of chromium, chromic anhydride and salts based on them.

28. Production of esters.

29. Production of phenol-formaldehyde, polyester, epoxy and other artificial resins.

30. Production of methionine.

31. Production of metal carbonyls.

32. Production of bitumen and other products from the remains of the distillation of coal tar, oil, pine needles (tar, semi-tar, etc.).

33. Beryllium production.

34. Production of synthetic alcohols (butyl, propyl, isopropyl, amyl).

35. Industrial facility for hydrometallurgy of tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt.

36. Production of feed amino acids (feed lysine, premixes).

37. Production of pesticides.

38. Production of ammunition, explosives, warehouses and landfills.

39. Production of aliphatic amines (mono-di-tri-methylamines, diethyl-triethylamines, etc.) and products for their coal gasification.

1. Production of bromine, intermediates and products based on it (organic, inorganic).

2. Production of gases (lighting, water, generator, oil).

3. Stations of underground coal gasification.

4. Production of organic solvents and oils (benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthol, cresol, anthracene, phenanthrene, acridine, carbosol, etc.).

5. Production for the processing of coal and products based on it (coal tar pitch, tar, etc.).

6. Production of peat chemical processing.

7. Production of sulfuric acid, oleum, sulfur dioxide.

8. Production of hydrochloric acid.

9. Production of synthetic ethyl alcohol by the sulfuric acid method or the direct hydration method.

10. Production of phosgene and products based on it (steam, etc.).

11. Production of acids: amino-enanthic, aminoundecanoic, aminopelargonic, thiodovaleric, isophthalic.

12. Production of sodium nitrite, thionyl chloride, ammonium carbonate, ammonium carbonate.

13. Production of dimethylformamide.

14. Production of ethyl liquid.

15. Production of catalysts.

16. Production of sulfur organic dyes.

17. Production of potash salts.

18. Manufacture of artificial leather using volatile organic solvents.

19. Production of vat dyes of all classes of azotols and azoamines.

20. Production of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, polyethylene, polypropylene.

21. Production of 3,3-di (chloromethyl) oxocyclobutane, polycarbonate, copolymers of ethylene with propylene, polymers of higher polyolefins based on associated petroleum gases.

22. Production of plasticizers.

23. Production of PVC-based plastics.

24. Points of cleaning, washing and steaming of tanks (when transporting oil and oil products).

25. Manufacture of synthetic detergents.

26. Production of household chemicals in the presence of production of initial products.

27. Production of boron and its compounds.

28. Production of paraffin.

29. Production of tar, liquid and volatile shoulder straps from wood, methyl alcohol, acetic acid, turpentine, turpentine oils, acetone, creosote.

30. Acetic acid production.

31. Production of cellulose acetate with raw material production of acetic acid and acetic anhydride.

32. Hydrolysis production based on the processing of plant raw materials with pentose compounds.

33. Production of isoactyl alcohol, butyric aldehyde, butyric acid, vinyltoluene, foam plastic, polyvinyltoluene, polyformaldehyde, regeneration of organic acids (acetic, butyric, etc.), methylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone, pentaerythritol, urotropin, formaldehyde

34. Production of nylon and lavsan fabric.

Information about changes:

6. Small enterprises and workshops of low capacity: for processing meat up to 5 tons per day without smoking, milk - up to 10 tons / day, production of bread and bakery products - up to 2.5 tons / day, fish - up to 10 tons / day, enterprises for the production of confectionery products up to 0.5 tons / day.

7. Food procurement industries, including kitchen factories, school canteens.

8. Industrial installations for low-temperature storage of food products with a capacity of up to 600 tons.

9. Grape juice production.

10. Production of fruit and vegetable juices.

11. Productions for processing and storage of fruits and vegetables (drying, salting, pickling and pickling).

12. Production for the preparation and bottling of wines.

13. Production of soft drinks based on concentrates and essences.

14. Production of mayonnaise.

15. Beer production (without malt houses).

7.1.9. Microbiological industry

Class I - sanitary protection zone 1000 m.

1. Production of protein-vitamin concentrates from hydrocarbons (oil paraffins, ethanol, methanol, natural gas).

2. Manufactures using microorganisms of 1-2 pathogenicity groups in technology.

Class II - sanitary protection zone 500 m.

1. Production of feed bacitracin.

2. Production of feed amino acids by microbiological synthesis.

3. Antibiotic production.

4. Production of feed yeast, furfural and alcohol from wood and agricultural waste by hydrolysis.

5. Production of enzymes for various purposes with a surface cultivation method.

6. Production of pectins from vegetable raw materials.

1. Production of nutritional yeast.

2. Production of biological products (trichograms, etc.) for the protection of agricultural plants.

3. Production of plant protection products by the method of microbiological synthesis.

4. Research institutes, objects of microbiological profile.

5. Production of vaccines and serums.

1. Production of enzymes for various purposes with a submerged cultivation method.

7.1.10. Production of electric and heat energy by burning mineral fuel

Class I - sanitary protection zone 1000 m.

1. Thermal power plants (TPP) with an equivalent electric power of 600 MW and more, using coal and fuel oil as fuel.

Class II - sanitary protection zone 500 m.

1. Thermal power plants (TPP) with an equivalent electric power of 600 MW and above, operating on gas and gas-fuel oil.

2. CHP and district boiler houses with a thermal capacity of 200 Gcal and above, operating on coal and fuel oil.

Class III - sanitary protection zone 300 m.

1. TPPs and district boiler houses with a thermal capacity of 200 Gcal and higher operating on gas and gas-oil fuel (the latter as a reserve) are classified as enterprises of the third hazard class with a size of 300 m.

2. Ash dumps of thermal power plants (TPP).

Notes:

1. For boiler houses with a thermal power of less than 200 Gcal, operating on solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, the size of the sanitary protection zone is established in each case based on calculations of the dispersion of atmospheric air pollution and physical impact on the atmospheric air (noise, vibration, EMF, etc. .), as well as based on the results of field studies and measurements.

2. For roof, built-in-attached boiler rooms, the size of the sanitary protection zone is not established. The placement of these boiler houses is carried out in each specific case on the basis of calculations of the dispersion of atmospheric air pollution and physical impact on the atmospheric air, as well as on the basis of the results of field studies and measurements.

3. For electrical substations, the size of the sanitary protection zone is set depending on the type (open, closed), power based on calculations of the physical impact on the atmospheric air, as well as the results of field measurements.

7.1.11. Objects and production of the agro-industrial complex and small business

Class I - sanitary protection zone 1000 m.

1. Pig breeding complexes.

2. Poultry farms with more than 400 thousand laying hens and more than 3 million broilers per year.

3. Cattle complexes.

4. Open storage of manure and droppings.

Class II - sanitary protection zone 500 m.

1. Pig farms from 4 to 12 thousand heads.

2. Cattle farms from 1200 to 2000 cows and up to 6000 livestock places for young animals.

3. Fur farms (minks, foxes, etc.).

4. Poultry farms from 100 thousand to 400 thousand laying hens and from 1 to 3 million broilers per year.

5. Open storage facilities for biologically treated liquid fraction of manure.

6. Closed storage of manure and droppings.

7. Warehouses for storing pesticides over 500 tons.

8. Production of processing and seed dressing.

9. Warehouses of liquefied ammonia.

Class III - sanitary protection zone 300 m.

1. Pig farms up to 4 thousand heads.

2. Cattle farms with less than 1200 heads (all specializations), horse farms.

3. Sheep farms for 5-30 thousand heads.

4. Poultry farms with up to 100 thousand laying hens and up to 1 million broilers.

5. Platforms for piling up droppings and manure.

6. Warehouses for storage of pesticides and mineral fertilizers over 50 tons.

7. Treatment of agricultural land with pesticides using tractors (from the borders of the field to the settlement).

8. Fur farms.

9. Garages and parks for repair, technological maintenance and storage trucks and agricultural machinery.

Class IV - sanitary protection zone 100 m.

1. Greenhouse and greenhouse facilities.

2. Warehouses for storage of mineral fertilizers, pesticides up to 50 tons.

3. Warehouses of dry mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products (the zone is also established before food processing and storage facilities).

4. Reclamation facilities using livestock wastewater.

5. Workshops for the preparation of feed, including the use of food waste.

6. Farms with animals (pigsties, cowsheds, nurseries, stables, fur farms) up to 100 heads.

7. Warehouses of fuels and lubricants.

1. Storage facilities for fruits, vegetables, potatoes, grain.

2. Material warehouses.

3. Farms with animals (pigsties, cowsheds, nurseries, stables, fur farms) up to 50 heads.

7.1.12. Sanitary facilities, transport infrastructure, public utilities, sports, trade and services

Class I - sanitary protection zone 1000 m.

1. Landfills for placement, neutralization, disposal of toxic production and consumption wastes of 1-2 hazard classes.

2. Fields of sewage and plowing fields.

3. Cattle cemeteries with burial in pits.

4. Recycling plants for the disposal of animal carcasses and confiscated goods.

6. Crematoria, with more than one oven.

7. Waste incineration, waste sorting and waste processing facilities with a capacity of 40 thousand tons / year.

Class II - sanitary protection zone 500 m.

1. Waste incineration, waste sorting and waste processing facilities with a capacity of up to 40 thousand tons / year.

2. Landfills for solid household waste, composting areas for solid household waste.

3. Cattle cemeteries with biological chambers.

4. Drainage stations.

5. Cemeteries of mixed and traditional burial with an area of ​​20 to 40 hectares.

Note: The placement of a cemetery with an area of ​​more than 40 hectares is not allowed.

6. Crematoria without preparatory and ceremonial processes with one single-chamber oven.

7. Customs terminals, wholesale markets.

Information about changes:

7. The size of the SPZ from snow melting stations and snow-rafting stations to residential areas should be taken as 100 m.

7.1.14. Warehouses, berths and places of transshipment and storage of goods, production of fumigation of goods and ships, gas disinfection, deratization and disinfestation

Class I - sanitary protection zone 1000 m.

1. Open warehouses and places for unloading apatite concentrate, phosphate rock, cements and other dusty cargo with a turnover of more than 150 thousand tons / year.

2. Places of transshipment and storage of liquid chemical cargoes from liquefied gases (methane, propane, ammonia, chlorine and others), places of transshipment and storage of liquefied natural gas with a volume of 1000, industrial compounds of halogens, sulfur, nitrogen, hydrocarbons (methanol, benzene, toluene and others), alcohols, aldehydes and other compounds.

3. Cleaning and washing and steaming stations, disinfection and washing enterprises, points for cleaning ships, tanks, receiving and treatment facilities serving to receive ballast and washing and oily waters from specialized floating collectors.

4. Berths and places of production of fumigation of cargo and ships, gas disinfection, deratization and disinfestation.

Class II - sanitary protection zone 500 m.

1. Open warehouses and places for unloading apatite concentrate, phosphate rock, cements and other dusty cargo with a turnover of less than 150 thousand tons / year.

2. Open warehouses and coal transshipment points.

3. Open warehouses and transfer points for mineral fertilizers, asbestos, lime, ores (except radioactive) and other minerals (sulfur, pyrite, gypsum, etc.).

4. Places for transshipment and storage of crude oil, bitumen, fuel oil and other viscous oil products and chemical cargo, places for transshipment and storage of liquefied natural gas with a volume of 250 to 1000.

5. Open and closed warehouses and places for transshipment of pitch and pitch-containing cargo.

6. Storage and handling areas for wooden sleepers impregnated with antiseptics.

7. Sanitary and quarantine stations.

Class III - sanitary protection zone 300 m.

1. Open warehouses and places for unloading and loading dusty cargo (apatite concentrate, phosphate rock, cement, etc.) with a turnover of less than 5 thousand tons / year.

2. Closed warehouses, places of reloading and storage of packaged chemical cargo (fertilizers, organic solvents, acids and other substances).

3. Above-ground warehouses and open areas for shipment of magnesite, dolomite and other dusty cargo.

4. Warehouses for dusty and liquid cargo (ammonia water, fertilizers, soda ash, paints and varnishes, etc.).

5. Open ground warehouses and places for unloading dry sand, gravel, stone and other mineral construction materials.

6. Warehouses and transshipment areas for meal, cake, copra and other dusty plant products in an open way.

7. Warehouses, reloading and storage of waste materials.

8. Warehouses, handling and storage of wet-salted raw skins (more than 200 pcs.) And other raw materials of animal origin.

9. Areas of constant reloading of livestock, animals and birds.

10. Warehouses and transshipment of fish, fish products and whaling products.

Information about changes:

By the decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2014 N 31, section "Class III - sanitary protection zone 300 m." supplemented by subparagraph 11

11. Places for transshipment and storage of liquefied natural gas with a volume of 100 to 250.

Class IV - sanitary protection zone 100 m.

1. Warehouses and handling of raw hides (including wet-salted hides up to 200 pcs.).

2. Warehouses and open areas for unloading grain.

3. Warehouses and open areas for unloading table salt.

4. Warehouses and open places for unloading wool, hair, bristles and other similar products.

5. Transport and technical schemes for handling and storage of apatite concentrate, phosphate rock, cement and other dusty cargo transported in bulk using warehouse elevators and pneumatic transport or other installations and storages that exclude the release of dust into the environment.

Information about changes:

By the decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2014 N 31, section "Class IV - sanitary protection zone 100 m." supplemented by subparagraph 6

6. Places for transshipment and storage of liquefied natural gas with a volume of 50 to 100.

Class V - sanitary protection zone 50 m.

1. Open warehouses and reloading of moist mineral construction materials (sand, gravel, crushed stone, stones, etc.).

2. Areas for storage and handling of pressed cake, hay, straw, tobacco and makhorka products, etc.

3. Warehouses, reloading of food products (meat, dairy, confectionery), vegetables, fruits, drinks, etc.

4. Areas for storage and loading of food cargo (wine, oil, juices).

5. Areas for unloading and loading refrigerated ships and wagons.

6. River berths.

7. Warehouses, reloading and storage of waste materials without processing.

Information about changes:

By the decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2014 N 31, section "Class V - sanitary protection zone 50 m." supplemented by subparagraph 8

8. Places for reloading and storage of liquefied natural gas up to 50.

Registration N 19993

In accordance with the Federal Law of 30.03.1999 N 52-FZ "On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1999, N 14, Art. 1650; 2002, N 1 (Part 1), Art. 2; 2003, N 2, Art. 167; 2003, N 27 (part 1), Art. 2700; 2004, N 35, Art. 3607; 2005, N 19, Art. 1752; 2006, N 1, Art. 10; 2006, No. 52 (part 1), art.5498; 2007, No. 1 (part 1), article 21; 2007, No. 1 (part 1), article 29; 2007, No. 27, article 3213 ; 2007, N 46, Art. 5554; 2007, N 49, Art. 6070; 2008, N 24, Art. 2801; 2008, N 29 (part 1), Art. 3418; 2008, N 30 (part 2 ), Art.3616; 2008, N 44, Art.4984; 2008, N 52 (part 1), Art.6223; 2009, N 1, Art.17; 2010, N 40, Art.4969) and the Government Decree Of the Russian Federation of July 24, 2000 N 554 "On Approval of the Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and the Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Standards" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2000, N 31, Art. 3295; 2004, N 8, Art. 663; 2004, No. 47, Art. 4666; 2005, N 39, Art. 3953) I decree:

1. To approve the sanitary and epidemiological rules and standards SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in educational institutions" (appendix).

2. Introduce the specified sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations from September 1, 2011.

3. From the moment of the introduction of SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10, the sanitary and epidemiological rules and standards of SanPiN 2.4.2.1178-02 "Hygienic requirements for training conditions in educational institutions", approved by the decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation, First Deputy Minister of Health Of the Russian Federation of 28.11.2002 N 44 (registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia 05.12.2002, registration number 3997), SanPiN 2.4.2.2434-08 "Amendment No. 1 to SanPiN 2.4.2.1178-02", approved by the Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2008 No. 72 (registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on January 28, 2009, registration number 13189).

G. Onishchenko

Application

Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Conditions and Organization of Education in General Education Institutions

Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Norms SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

I. General provisions and scope

1.1. These sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations (hereinafter - sanitary rules) are aimed at protecting the health of students in the implementation of activities for their training and education in educational institutions.

1.2. These sanitary rules establish sanitary and epidemiological requirements for:

Placement of a general education institution;

Territories of a general education institution;

General education building;

Equipment of premises of a general educational institution;

Air-thermal regime of a general educational institution;

Natural and artificial lighting;

Water supply and sewerage;

Premises and equipment of educational institutions located in adapted buildings;

The mode of the educational process;

Medical service organizations for students;

Sanitary condition and maintenance of a general educational institution;

Compliance with sanitary rules.

1.3. Sanitary rules apply to designed, operating, under construction and reconstructed educational institutions, regardless of their type, organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership.

These sanitary rules apply to all educational institutions that implement programs of primary general, basic general and secondary (complete) general education and carry out the educational process in accordance with the levels of general education programs of three levels of general education:

the first stage - primary general education (hereinafter - the I stage of education);

second stage - basic general education (hereinafter - II stage of education);

third stage - secondary (complete) general education (hereinafter - III stage of education).

1.4. These sanitary rules are binding on all citizens, legal entities and individual entrepreneurs whose activities are related to the design, construction, reconstruction, operation of educational institutions, education and training of students.

1.5. Educational activities subject to licensing in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. A condition for making a decision on issuing a license is the submission by the license applicant of a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance with the sanitary rules of buildings, territories, premises, equipment and other property, the regime of the educational process, which the license applicant intends to use for educational activities *.

1.6. If there are preschool groups in the institution that implement the main general educational program of preschool education, their activities are regulated by sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the design, maintenance and organization of the mode of operation of preschool organizations.

1.7. The use of the premises of educational institutions for other purposes is not allowed.

1.8. Control over the implementation of these sanitary rules is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation by the authorized federal executive body exercising control and supervision functions in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, protecting the rights of consumers and the consumer market and its territorial bodies.

II. Requirements for the placement of educational institutions

2.1. The provision of land plots for the construction of educational institutions is allowed if there is a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on compliance land plot sanitary rules.

2.2. Buildings of educational institutions should be located in the residential area, outside the sanitary protection zones of enterprises, structures and other facilities, sanitary breaks, garages, parking lots, highways, railway transport facilities, subways, take-off and landing routes of air transport.

To ensure the normative levels of insolation and natural lighting of premises and playgrounds, when placing buildings of educational institutions, sanitary gaps from residential and public buildings must be observed.

Main engineering communications for urban (rural) purposes - water supply, sewerage, heat supply, energy supply - should not pass through the territory of educational institutions.

2.3. Newly constructed buildings of educational institutions are located in the intra-quarter areas of residential neighborhoods, remote from city streets, inter-quarter driveways at a distance that ensures the levels of noise and air pollution to the requirements of sanitary rules and regulations.

2.4. When designing and building city educational institutions, it is recommended to provide for pedestrian accessibility of institutions located:

In climatic zones II and III - no more than 0.5 km;

In the I climatic region (I subzone) for students of the I and II stages of education - no more than 0.3 km, for students of the III stage of education - no more than 0.4 km;

In the I climatic region (II subzone) for students of the I and II stages of education - no more than 0.4 km, for students of the III stage of education - no more than 0.5 km.

2.5. In rural areas, pedestrian accessibility for students of educational institutions:

In the II and III climatic zones for students of the I stage of education is no more than 2.0 km;

For students of the II and III stages of education - no more than 4.0 km, in the I climatic zone - 1.5 and 3 km, respectively.

At distances exceeding those indicated for students of educational institutions located in rural areas, it is necessary to organize transport services to the educational institution and back. Travel time should not exceed 30 minutes one way.

Students are transported by a specially designated vehicle designed for the transportation of children.

The optimal pedestrian approach of students to the gathering place at the stop should be no more than 500 m. For rural areas, an increase in the radius of pedestrian accessibility to the stop up to 1 km is allowed.

2.6. It is recommended for students living at a distance exceeding the maximum allowable transport service, as well as in case of transport unavailability during unfavorable weather conditions, to provide a boarding school at a general educational institution.

III. Requirements for the territory of educational institutions

3.1. The territory of a general education institution should be fenced and landscaped. Landscaping of the territory is provided for at least 50% of the area of ​​its territory. When placing the territory of a general education institution on the border with forest and garden areas, it is allowed to reduce the area of ​​landscaping by 10%.

Trees are planted at a distance of at least 15.0 m, and shrubs at least 5.0 m from the building of the institution. When landscaping the territory, trees and shrubs with poisonous fruits are not used in order to prevent the occurrence of poisoning in students.

It is allowed to reduce the landscaping of trees and shrubs in the territories of educational institutions in the districts Far north, taking into account special climatic conditions in these areas.

3.2. On the territory of a general educational institution, the following zones are distinguished: a recreation area, physical culture and sports and economic. Allocation of a training and experimental zone is allowed.

When organizing a training and experimental zone, it is not allowed to reduce the physical culture and sports zone and the recreation area.

3.3. It is recommended to place the physical culture and sports zone from the side of the sports hall. When placing a physical culture and sports zone from the side of the windows of classrooms, noise levels in classrooms should not exceed hygienic standards for residential, public buildings and residential areas.

When installing treadmills and sports grounds (volleyball, basketball, for playing handball), drainage must be provided to prevent them from flooding with rainwater.

The equipment of the physical culture and sports zone must ensure the implementation of the programs of the academic subject "Physical culture", as well as the conduct of sectional sports activities and recreational activities.

Sports and playgrounds must have a hard surface, a football field - grass. Synthetic and polymer coatings must be frost-resistant, equipped with gutters and must be made of materials that are harmless to the health of children.

Classes on damp sites with irregularities and potholes are not carried out.

Physical culture and sports equipment must correspond to the height and age of the students.

3.4. For the implementation of the programs of the subject "Physical culture", it is allowed to use sports facilities (playgrounds, stadiums) located near the institution and equipped in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the arrangement and maintenance of physical culture and sports places.

3.5. When designing and building educational institutions on the territory, it is necessary to provide a recreation area for organizing outdoor games and recreation for students attending extended day groups, as well as for the implementation of educational programs that provide for outdoor activities.

3.6. The utility zone is located on the side of the entrance to the industrial premises of the canteen and has an independent entrance from the street. In the absence of district heating and centralized water supply, a boiler room and a pumping room with a water tank are placed on the territory of the economic zone.

3.7. To collect waste on the territory of the economic zone, a site is equipped on which garbage collectors (containers) are installed. The site is located at a distance of at least 25.0 m from the entrance to the catering unit and the windows of classrooms and classrooms and is equipped with a waterproof hard coating, the dimensions of which exceed the base area of ​​the containers by 1.0 m in all directions. Waste containers should have tight-fitting lids.

3.8. Entrances and entrances to the territory, driveways, paths to outbuildings, to areas for waste bins are covered with asphalt, concrete and other hard surfaces.

3.9. The territory of the institution should have outdoor artificial lighting. The level of artificial illumination on the ground must be at least 10 lux.

3.10. The location on the territory of buildings and structures that are not functionally related to a general educational institution is not allowed.

3.11. If there are preschool groups in a general education institution that implement the main general educational program of preschool education, a play area is allocated on the territory, equipped in accordance with the requirements for the device, content and organization of the mode of operation of preschool organizations.

3.12. Noise levels on the territory of a general education institution should not exceed hygienic standards for premises of residential, public buildings and residential areas.

IV. Building requirements

4.1. Architectural and planning solutions of the building should provide:

Allocation of primary school classrooms with exits to the site into a separate block;

Location of recreational facilities in close proximity to classrooms;

Accommodation on upper floors(above the third floor) classrooms and classrooms attended by students in grades 8-11, administrative and utility rooms;

Elimination of the harmful effects of environmental factors in a general education institution on the life and health of students;

Placement of training workshops, assembly and sports halls of educational institutions, their total area, as well as a set of premises for circle work, depending on local conditions and the capabilities of a general educational institution, in compliance with the requirements of building codes and regulations and these sanitary rules.

Previously constructed buildings of educational institutions are operated in accordance with the project.

4.2. It is not allowed to use basements and basements for training rooms, offices, laboratories, training workshops, medical premises, sports, dance and assembly halls.

4.3. The capacity of newly built or reconstructed educational institutions should be calculated for training in only one shift.

4.4. The entrances to the building can be equipped with vestibules or air and air-thermal curtains, depending on the climatic zone and the design temperature of the outside air, in accordance with the requirements of building codes and regulations.

4.5. When designing, constructing and reconstructing a building of a general education institution, wardrobes must be placed on the 1st floor with the obligatory equipment of seats for each class. Wardrobes are equipped with clothes hangers and shoe compartments.

In existing buildings for primary school students, it is possible to place a wardrobe in recreation, provided that they are equipped with individual lockers.

In institutions located in rural areas, with the number of students in one class not more than 10 people, it is allowed to arrange wardrobes (hangers or lockers) in classrooms, provided that the norm of the area of ​​the classroom for 1 student is observed.

4.6. Primary learners comprehensive school must be taught in the classrooms assigned to each class.

4.7. In newly constructed buildings of general education institutions, it is recommended to allocate educational premises for primary classes in a separate block (building), group them into educational sections.

In educational sections (blocks) for students of 1-4 grades, there are: classrooms with recreation, game rooms for extended day groups (at the rate of at least 2.5 m 2 per student), toilets.

For 1st grade students attending extended day groups, sleeping rooms with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m 2 per child must be provided.

4.8. For students of the II - III stage of education, it is allowed to organize the educational process according to the classroom system.

If it is impossible to ensure in classrooms and laboratories the correspondence of educational furniture to the growth and age characteristics of students, it is not recommended to use the classroom training system.

In educational institutions located in rural areas, with a small number of classes, it is allowed to use classrooms in two or more disciplines.

4.9. The area of ​​study rooms is taken without taking into account the area required for placing additional furniture (cabinets, cabinets, etc.) for storage teaching aids and equipment used in the educational process, based on:

Not less than 2.5 m 2 per 1 student in frontal forms of classes;

Not less than 3.5 m 2 per student when organizing group forms of work and individual lessons.

In newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, the height of classrooms must be at least 3.6 m 2.

The estimated number of students in classes is determined based on the calculation of the area per student and the arrangement of furniture in accordance with section V of these sanitary rules.

4.10. Laboratory assistants should be equipped in chemistry, physics, and biology rooms.

4.11. The area of ​​computer science rooms and other rooms where personal computers are used must comply with the hygienic requirements for personal computers and work organization.

4.12. The set and area of ​​premises for extracurricular activities, circle classes and sections must comply with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for institutions additional education children.

When placing a sports hall on the 2nd floor and above, sound and vibration isolation measures must be taken.

The number and types of sports halls are provided depending on the type of educational institution and its capacity.

4.14. At sports halls in existing educational institutions, slugs must be provided; dressing rooms for boys and girls. It is recommended to equip separate showers and toilets for boys and girls at sports halls.

4.15. In newly constructed buildings of educational institutions at sports halls, the following should be provided: premises for storing cleaning equipment and preparing disinfecting and washing solutions with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m 2; separate dressing rooms for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m 2 each; separate shower rooms for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 12 m 2 each; separate toilets for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 8.0 m 2 each. Toilets or changing rooms are equipped with sinks for washing hands.

4.16. When arranging swimming pools in general educational institutions, planning solutions and its operation must meet hygienic requirements for the design, operation of swimming pools and water quality.

4.17. In educational institutions, it is necessary to provide for a set of premises for organizing meals for students in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the organization of meals for students in educational institutions, institutions of primary and secondary vocational education.

4.18. During the construction and reconstruction of buildings of educational institutions, it is recommended to provide an assembly hall, the dimensions of which are determined by the number of seats at the rate of 0.65 m 2 per seat.

4.19. The type of library depends on the type of educational institution and its capacity. In institutions with in-depth study of individual subjects, gymnasiums and lyceums, the library should be used as a reference and information center for a general education institution.

The area of ​​the library (information center) must be taken at the rate of at least 0.6 m 2 per student.

When equipping information centers with computer equipment, hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and work organization must be observed.

4.20. Recreation of educational institutions should be provided at the rate of at least 0.6 m 2 per 1 student.

The width of recreation with one-sided arrangement of classes should be at least 4.0 m, with a two-sided arrangement of classes - at least 6.0 m.

When designing a recreation area in the form of halls, the area is set at the rate of 2 m 2 per student.

4.21. In the existing buildings of educational institutions for medical care of students, there should be medical premises on the first floor of the building, located in a single block: a doctor's office with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m 2 and a length of at least 7.0 m (to determine the hearing and visual acuity of students ) and a treatment (vaccination) room with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m 2.

In educational institutions located in rural areas, it is allowed to organize medical services at feldsher-obstetric points and outpatient clinics.

4.22. For newly built and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, the following premises for medical care should be equipped: a doctor's office with a length of at least 7.0 m (for determining the acuity of hearing and vision of students) with an area of ​​at least 21.0 m 2; treatment and vaccination rooms with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m 2 each; a room for the preparation of disinfectant solutions and storage of cleaning equipment intended for medical premises, with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m 2; toilet.

When equipping a dental office, its area should be at least 12.0 m 2.

All medical premises should be grouped in one block and located on the 1st floor of the building.

4.23. The doctor's office, procedural, vaccination and dental offices are equipped in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations carrying out medical activities. The vaccination room is equipped in accordance with the requirements for the organization of immunoprophylaxis of infectious diseases.

4.24. For children in need of psychological and pedagogical assistance, in general educational institutions there are separate rooms for a teacher-psychologist and a teacher-speech therapist with an area of ​​at least 10 m 2 each.

4.25. Toilets for boys and girls, equipped with cabins with doors, should be located on each floor. The number of sanitary appliances is determined from the calculation: 1 toilet for 20 girls, 1 washbasin for 30 girls: 1 toilet, 1 urinal and 1 washbasin for 30 boys. The area of ​​sanitary facilities for boys and girls should be taken at the rate of at least 0.1 m2 per student.

A separate bathroom is allocated for the staff at the rate of 1 toilet for 20 people.

In previously constructed buildings of educational institutions, the number of sanitary facilities and sanitary appliances is allowed in accordance with the design decision.

In sanitary facilities, pedal buckets, toilet paper holders are installed; an electric towel or paper towel holder is placed next to the sinks. The sanitary equipment must be in good working order, without chips, cracks or other defects. The entrances to the bathrooms are not allowed to be located opposite the entrance to the classrooms.

Toilet bowls are equipped with seats made of materials that can be treated with detergents and disinfectants.

For students of the II and III levels of education in newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, personal hygiene rooms are provided at the rate of 1 cabin for 70 people with an area of ​​at least 3.0 m 2. They are equipped with a bidet or tray with a flexible hose, a toilet and a washbasin with cold and hot water.

For previously constructed buildings of educational institutions, it is recommended to equip personal hygiene booths in washrooms.

4.26. In newly constructed buildings of educational institutions, on each floor, there will be a room for storing and processing cleaning equipment, preparing disinfection solutions, equipped with a pallet and a supply of cold and hot water to it. In previously constructed buildings of educational institutions, a separate place is allocated for storing all cleaning equipment (except for equipment intended for cleaning the premises of the catering unit and medical purposes), which is equipped with a wardrobe.

4.27. In the premises of primary classes, laboratory, classrooms (chemistry, physics, drawing, biology), workshops, home economics offices, in all medical premises, washbasins are installed.

The installation of sinks in classrooms should be provided, taking into account the age-specific characteristics of students: at a height of 0.5 m from the floor to the side of the sink for students in grades 1 - 4 and at a height of 0.7 - 0.8 m from the floor to the side of the sink for students in grades 5 - 11. Pedal buckets and toilet paper holders are installed near the sinks. Electric or paper towels, soap are placed next to the washbasins. Soap, toilet paper and towels must be available at all times.

4.28. The ceilings and walls of all rooms should be smooth, without cracks, cracks, deformations, signs of fungal lesions and allow them to be cleaned with a wet method using disinfectants. It is allowed in classrooms, classrooms, recreation and other premises to equip suspended ceilings made of materials permitted for use in educational institutions, provided that the height of the premises is maintained at least 2.75 m, and in newly constructed premises at least 3.6 m.

4.29. Floors in classrooms and classrooms and recreational areas should be plank, parquet, tile or linoleum. In the case of using a tiled surface, the surface of the tile must be matt and rough, non-slip. It is recommended to cover the floors of toilet and washrooms with ceramic tiles.

The floors in all rooms must be free of cracks, defects and mechanical damage.

4.30. In medical premises, the surfaces of the ceiling, walls and floor must be smooth, allowing them to be cleaned with a wet method and resistant to the action of detergents and disinfectants approved for use in medical premises.

4.31. All construction and finishing materials must be harmless to the health of children.

4.32. In a general education institution and a school boarding school, it is not allowed to carry out all types of repair work in the presence of students.

4.33. As part of a general education institution structural subdivision may include a boarding school at a general education institution if the general education institution is located in excess of the maximum permissible transport service.

The boarding school building at a general education institution can be detached, as well as be part of the main building of a general education institution with its allocation into an independent block with a separate entrance.

The composition of the premises of the boarding school at a general educational institution should include:

Separate sleeping rooms for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m 2 per person;

Self-study rooms with an area of ​​at least 2.5 m 2 per person;

Rest and psychological relief rooms;

Washrooms (1 sink for 10 people), toilets (1 toilet for 10 girls, 1 toilet and 1 urinal for 20 boys, each toilet has 1 sink for washing hands), showers (1 shower net for 20 people), a hygiene room. Toilets are equipped with pedal buckets, toilet paper holders; electric or paper towels and soap are placed next to washbasins. Soap, toilet paper and towels must be available at all times;

Drying rooms for clothes and shoes;

Rooms for washing and ironing personal items;

Storage room for personal belongings;

Medical service area: doctor's office and

Insulator;

Administrative premises.

The equipment, decoration of premises and their maintenance must comply with the hygienic requirements for the arrangement, maintenance, organization of the operating mode in orphanages and boarding schools for orphans and children left without parental care.

For a newly built boarding school at a general education institution, the main building of the general education institution and the boarding school building are connected by a warm transition.

4.34. Noise levels in the premises of a general education institution should not exceed hygienic standards for premises of residential, public buildings and residential areas

V. Requirements for premises and equipment

educational institutions

5.1. The number of workplaces for students should not exceed the capacity of the general education institution, provided for by the project according to which the building was built (reconstructed).

Each student is provided with a workplace (at a desk or table, game modules and others) in accordance with his growth.

5.2. Depending on the purpose of classrooms, various types of student furniture can be used: a school desk, student tables (single and double), classroom tables, drawing or laboratory tables complete with chairs, desks and others. Stools or benches are not used instead of chairs.

Student furniture should be made of materials that are harmless to the health of children and meet the growth and age characteristics of children and the requirements of ergonomics.

5.3. The main type of student furniture for students of the I stage of education should be a school desk, provided with a regulator of the inclination of the surface of the working plane. When teaching writing and reading, the slope of the working surface of the plane of the school desk should be 7 - 15. The front edge of the seat surface should go beyond the front edge of the working plane of the desk by 4 cm at the desks of the 1st number, by 5 - 6 cm - by the 2nd and 3rd numbers, and by 7 - 8 cm at the desks of the 4th number.

The sizes of educational furniture, depending on the height of the students, must correspond to the values ​​given in table 1.

A combined version of using different types of student furniture (desks, desks) is allowed.

Depending on the height group, the height above the floor of the front edge of the desk top facing the student should have the following values: with a body length of 1150 - 1300 mm - 750 mm, 1300 - 1450 mm - 850 mm and 1450 - 1600 mm - 950 mm. The tilt angle of the table top is 15 - 17.

The duration of continuous work behind the desk for students of the I stage of education should not exceed 7 - 10 minutes, and for students of the II - III stage of education - 15 minutes.

5.4. To select educational furniture according to the growth of students, it is made color coding, which is applied to the visible lateral outer surface of the table and chair in the form of a circle or stripes.

5.5. Desks (tables) are arranged in classrooms by numbers: smaller ones are closer to the board, large ones are farther away. For children with hearing impairments, desks should be placed in the first row.

Children who often suffer from acute respiratory infections, tonsillitis, colds should be seated further from the outer wall.

At least twice during the academic year, students sitting on the extreme rows, 1 and 3 rows (with a three-row arrangement of desks), are interchanged, without violating the correspondence of the furniture to their height.

In order to prevent posture disorders, it is necessary to educate the correct working posture in students from the first days of attending classes in accordance with the recommendations of Appendix 1 of these sanitary rules.

5.6. When equipping classrooms, the following dimensions of aisles and distances in centimeters are observed:

Between rows of double tables - at least 60;

Between the row of tables and the outer longitudinal wall - not less than 50 - 70;

Between a row of tables and an inner longitudinal wall (partition) or cabinets along this wall - at least 50;

From the last tables to the wall (partition) opposite the chalkboard - not less than 70, from the back wall, which is the outer one, - 100;

From a demonstration table to a chalkboard - at least 100;

From the first school desk to the blackboard - no less than 240;

The greatest remoteness of the last place of the student from the blackboard - 860;

The height of the lower edge of the training board above the floor - 70 - 90;

The distance from the chalkboard to the first row of tables in offices of a square or transverse configuration with a four-row arrangement of furniture is at least 300.

The angle of visibility of the board from the edge of the board with a length of 3.0 m to the middle of the outermost place of the student at the front table must be at least 35 degrees for students of the II-III stage of education and at least 45 degrees for students of the I stage of education.

The place of studies farthest from the windows should not be further than 6.0 m.

In educational institutions of the first climatic region, the distance of tables (desks) from the outer wall must be at least 1.0 m.

When installing the desks, in addition to the main student's furniture, they are placed behind the last row of tables or the first row from the wall opposite the light-carrying one, in compliance with the requirements for the dimensions of the aisles and the distances between the equipment.

This furniture arrangement does not apply to classrooms equipped with interactive whiteboards.

In newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, it is necessary to provide for a rectangular configuration of classrooms and classrooms with student desks along the windows and left-sided natural lighting.

5.7. Blackboards (using chalk) should be made of materials that adhere well to the materials used for writing, clean well with a damp sponge, be durable, have a dark green color, and be anti-reflective.

Chalkboards should have trays for trapping chalk dust, storing chalk, rags, and a holder for drawing accessories.

When using a whiteboard, the color of the marker should be contrasting (black, red, brown, dark blue and green).

It is allowed to equip classrooms and classrooms with interactive whiteboards that meet hygienic requirements. When using your interactive whiteboard and projection screen, ensure that it is evenly lit and that there are no bright spots.

5.8. Physics and chemistry classrooms should be equipped with special demonstration tables. To ensure better visibility of the teaching aids, the demonstration table is installed on the podium. Student and demonstration tables should have a chemical resistant coating and protective bumpers along the outer edge of the table.

The chemistry room and laboratory room are equipped with fume hoods.

5.9. The equipment of informatics rooms must comply with the hygienic requirements for personal computers and work organization.

5.10. Workshops for labor training should have an area of ​​6.0 m 2 per 1 workplace. Placement of equipment in workshops is carried out taking into account the creation of favorable conditions for visual work and maintaining the correct working posture.

Carpentry workshops are equipped with workbenches, placed either at an angle of 45 to the window, or in 3 rows perpendicular to the light-carrying wall so that the light falls from the left. The distance between the workbenches should be at least 0.8 m in the front-rear direction.

In locksmiths, both left-side and right-side lighting with a perpendicular arrangement of workbenches to the light-carrying wall is allowed. The distance between the rows of single workbenches should be at least 1.0 m, for double workbenches - 1.5 m. The vise is attached to the workbenches at a distance of 0.9 m between their axes. Locksmith's workbenches should be equipped with a safety net with a height of 0.65 - 0.7 m.

Drilling, grinding and other machines must be installed on a special foundation and equipped with safety nets, glass and local lighting.

Joiner's and locksmith's workbenches should be appropriate for the height of the students and equipped with footrests.

The dimensions of the tools used for carpentry and locksmith work must correspond to the age and height of the students (Appendix 2 of these sanitary rules).

Locksmith and carpentry workshops and service workers' offices are equipped with washbasins with hot and cold water supply, electric towels or paper towels.

5.11. In the newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions in the home economics offices, it is necessary to provide for the presence of at least two rooms: for teaching the skills of cooking and for cutting and sewing.

5.12. In the home economics office used to teach cooking skills, it is planned to install two-cavity sinks with cold and hot water supply with a mixer, at least 2 tables with a hygienic coating, a refrigerator, an electric stove and a cupboard for storing dishes. Approved dishwashing detergents must be provided near sinks.

5.13. The home economics office, used for cutting and sewing, is equipped with tables for drawing patterns and cutting, sewing machines.

Sewing machines are installed along the windows to provide left-side natural light on the sewing machine working surface or opposite the window for direct (front) natural lighting of the working surface.

5.14. In the existing buildings of educational institutions, if there is one home economics office, a separate place is provided for placing an electric stove, cutting tables, a dishwasher and a washbasin.

5.15. Labor training workshops and home economics offices, gyms should be equipped with first aid kits for first aid.

5.16. The equipment of classrooms intended for art, choreography and music classes must comply with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for institutions of additional education for children.

5.17. In playrooms, furniture, play and sports equipment must correspond to the growth data of students. Furniture should be placed around the perimeter of the playroom, thereby freeing up the maximum part of the area for outdoor games.

When using upholstered furniture, it is necessary to have removable covers (at least two), with their obligatory replacement at least 1 time a month and as they become dirty. Special cabinets are installed to store toys and aids.

Television sets are installed on special pedestals at a height of 1.0 - 1.3 m from the floor. When watching TV programs, the seating position must ensure a distance of at least 2 m from the screen to the students' eyes.

5.18. Sleeping rooms for first-graders attending after-school classes should be separate for boys and girls. They are equipped with teenage beds (1600 x 700 mm) or built-in single-tier beds. Beds in bedrooms are arranged in compliance with the minimum gaps: from the outer walls - at least 0.6 m, from the heating devices - 0.2 m, the width of the passage between the beds - at least 1.1 m, between the headboards of two beds - 0.3 - 0.4 m.

Vi. Requirements for air-thermal conditions

6.1. The buildings of educational institutions are equipped with centralized heating and ventilation systems, which must comply with the design and construction standards of residential and public buildings and provide optimal parameters of the microclimate and air environment.

Steam heating is not used in institutions. When installing fences for heating devices, the materials used must be harmless to the health of children.

Fences made of chipboard and other polymeric materials are not allowed.

The use of portable heating devices, as well as heaters with infrared radiation is not allowed.

6.2. The air temperature, depending on climatic conditions in classrooms and offices, offices of a psychologist and speech therapist, laboratories, assembly hall, dining room, recreation, library, lobby, cloakroom should be 18 - 24 C; in the gym and rooms for section classes, workshops - 17 - 20 C; bedroom, playrooms, premises of preschool education and boarding schools - 20 - 24 C; medical offices, dressing rooms of the sports hall - 20 - 22 C, shower rooms - 25 C.

To control the temperature regime, classrooms and classrooms must be equipped with household thermometers.

6.3. During extracurricular hours, in the absence of children in the premises of a general educational institution, a temperature of at least 15 C.

6.4. In the premises of general education institutions, the relative humidity of the air should be 40 - 60%, the speed of air movement is not more than 0.1 m / s.

6.5. If there is stove heating in existing buildings of educational institutions, the firebox is arranged in the corridor. To avoid indoor air pollution with carbon monoxide, the stove pipes are closed no earlier than the complete combustion of the fuel and no later than two hours before the arrival of the students.

For newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, stove heating is not allowed.

6.6. Classrooms are ventilated during recess and recreational areas during lessons. Before the start of classes and after their end, it is necessary to carry out end-to-end ventilation of the classrooms. The duration of through ventilation is determined by weather conditions, direction and speed of wind movement, and the efficiency of the heating system. The recommended duration of through ventilation is shown in Table 2.

6.7. Physical education and sports classes should be conducted in well-aerated gyms.

It is necessary during classes in the hall to open one or two windows on the leeward side when the outside air temperature is above plus 5 C and the wind speed is no more than 2 m / s. At a lower temperature and a higher air velocity, classes in the hall are carried out with one to three transoms open. At an outside air temperature below minus 10 C and an air speed of more than 7 m / s, through ventilation of the hall is carried out in the absence of students for 1 - 1.5 minutes; during big breaks and between shifts - 5 - 10 minutes.

When the air temperature reaches + 14 C, the ventilation in the gym should be stopped.

6.8. Windows should be equipped with hinged transoms with lever devices or vents. The area of ​​transoms and vents used for ventilation in classrooms must be at least 1/50 of the floor area. Glasses and vents must function at any time of the year.

6.9. When replacing window blocks, the glazing area must be maintained or increased.

The plane of opening of the windows should provide a ventilation mode.

6.10. The glazing of windows should be made of solid glass sheets. Broken glass must be replaced immediately.

6.11. Separate exhaust ventilation systems should be provided for the following premises: classrooms and offices, assembly halls, swimming pools, shooting galleries, a dining room, a medical center, a cinema room, sanitary facilities, rooms for processing and storing cleaning equipment, carpentry and locksmiths workshops.

Mechanical exhaust ventilation is installed in workshops and service rooms where cookers are installed.

6.12. The concentration of harmful substances in the air of the premises of educational institutions should not exceed the hygienic standards for the atmospheric air of populated areas.

Vii. Requirements for natural and artificial lighting

7.1. Daylight.

7.1.1. All classrooms must have natural lighting in accordance with the hygienic requirements for natural, artificial, combined lighting of residential and public buildings.

7.1.2. Without natural light, it is allowed to design: shell, washrooms, showers, toilets at the gym; showers and toilets for staff; storerooms and warehouses, radio centers; cinema and photo laboratories; book depositories; boilers, pumping water supply and sewerage; ventilation and air conditioning chambers; control units and other premises for the installation and management of engineering and technological equipment buildings; premises for storing disinfectants.

7.1.3. In classrooms, lateral natural left-hand lighting should be designed. If the depth of the classrooms is more than 6 m, a right-side illumination is required, the height of which must be at least 2.2 m from the floor.

The direction of the main luminous flux in front and behind from the students is not allowed.

7.1.4. In workshops for apprenticeships, assembly halls and sports halls, double-sided lateral natural lighting can be used.

7.1.5. In the premises of educational institutions, normalized values ​​of the coefficient of natural illumination (KEO) are provided in accordance with the hygienic requirements for natural, artificial, combined lighting of residential and public buildings.

7.1.6. In classrooms with one-sided lateral natural lighting, KEO on the working surface of the desks at the point farthest from the windows in the room should be at least 1.5%. With bilateral lateral natural lighting, the KEO indicator is calculated on the middle rows and should be 1.5%.

The light coefficient (SK - the ratio of the area of ​​the glazed surface to the floor area) must be at least 1: 6.

7.1.7. Classroom windows should be oriented to the south, southeast and east sides of the horizon. The windows of drawing rooms, drawing rooms, as well as the kitchen room can be oriented to the northern sides of the horizon. The orientation of informatics classrooms is north, northeast.

7.1.8. Light openings of classrooms, depending on the climatic zone, are equipped with adjustable sun protection devices (lifting and rotating blinds, fabric curtains) with a length not lower than the level of the window sill.

It is recommended to use curtains made of light-colored fabrics that have a sufficient degree of light transmission, good light-scattering properties, which should not reduce the level of natural light. The use of curtains (curtains), including curtains with lambrequins, made of PVC film and other curtains or devices that limit natural light is not allowed.

When not in use, the curtains must be placed in the walls between the windows.

7.1.9. For the rational use of daylight and uniform illumination of classrooms, you should:

Do not paint over window panes;

Do not place flowers on the windowsills, they are placed in portable flower boxes 65 - 70 cm high from the floor or hanging pots in the walls between the windows;

Carry out cleaning and washing of glasses as soon as they become dirty, but at least 2 times a year (in autumn and spring).

The duration of insolation in classrooms and classrooms must be continuous, for a duration not less than:

2.5 hours in the northern zone (north of 58 degrees N);

2.0 hours in the central zone (58 - 48 degrees N);

1.5 hours in the southern zone (south of 48 degrees N).

The absence of insolation is allowed in the classrooms of informatics, physics, chemistry, drawing and drafting, gyms, catering facilities, assembly hall, administrative and utility rooms.

7.2. Artificial lighting

7.2.1. In all premises of a general education institution, levels of artificial lighting are provided in accordance with the hygienic requirements for natural, artificial, combined lighting of residential and public buildings.

7.2.2. In classrooms, the general lighting system is provided by ceiling lights. Provides fluorescent lighting using lamps according to the spectrum of color emission: white, warm white, natural white.

Luminaires used for artificial illumination of classrooms should provide a favorable distribution of brightness in the field of view, which is limited by the discomfort indicator (Mt). The indicator of discomfort of the general lighting system for any workplace in the classroom should not exceed 40 units.

7.2.3. Do not use fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps for general lighting in the same room.

7.2.4. In classrooms, classrooms, laboratories, illumination levels must comply with the following standards: on work tables - 300 - 500 lux, in technical drawing and drawing rooms - 500 lux, in computer science rooms on tables - 300 - 500 lux, on a blackboard - 300 - 500 lux, in assembly and sports halls (on the floor) - 200 lux, in recreation (on the floor) - 150 lux.

When using computer technology and the need to combine the perception of information from the screen and recording in a notebook, the illumination on the students' tables should be at least 300 lux.

7.2.5. In classrooms, a general lighting system should be used. Luminaires with fluorescent lamps are located parallel to the light-carrying wall at a distance of 1.2 m from the outer wall and 1.5 m from the inner one.

7.2.6. The blackboard, which does not have its own glow, is equipped with local lighting - spotlights designed to illuminate the blackboards.

7.2.7. When designing an artificial lighting system for classrooms, it is necessary to provide for the separate inclusion of lamp lines.

7.2.8. For the rational use of artificial light and uniform illumination of classrooms, it is necessary to use finishing materials and paints that create a matte surface with reflection coefficients: for the ceiling - 0.7 - 0.9; for walls - 0.5 - 0.7; for the floor - 0.4 - 0.5; for furniture and desks - 0.45; for chalkboards - 0.1 - 0.2.

It is recommended to use the following paint colors: for ceilings - white, for walls of classrooms - light tones of yellow, beige, pink, green, blue; for furniture (cabinets, desks) - natural wood color or light green; for chalkboards - dark green, dark brown; for doors, window frames - white.

7.2.9. It is necessary to clean the lighting fixtures of the luminaires as they become dirty, but at least 2 times a year and timely replace the burnt out lamps.

7.2.10. Defective, burnt-out fluorescent lamps are collected in a container in a specially designated room and sent for disposal in accordance with the current regulatory documents.

VIII. Requirements for water supply and sewerage

8.1. Buildings of educational institutions should be equipped with centralized systems of domestic drinking water supply, sewerage and drainage systems in accordance with the requirements for public buildings and structures in terms of domestic drinking water supply and sewerage.

Cold and hot centralized water supply is provided to the premises of a general educational institution, preschool education and boarding school at a general educational institution, including: catering facilities, canteen, pantries, showers, washrooms, personal hygiene booths, medical premises, labor training workshops, home economics rooms, primary premises classes, drawing rooms, physics, chemistry and biology, laboratory, rooms for the processing of cleaning equipment and toilets in newly built and reconstructed educational institutions.

8.2. In the absence of locality centralized water supply in the existing buildings of educational institutions, it is necessary to provide a continuous supply of cold water to the catering facilities, medical premises, toilets, boarding school premises at a general educational institution and preschool education and the installation of water heating systems.

8.3. General educational institutions provide water that meets the hygienic requirements for the quality and safety of drinking water supply.

8.4. In buildings of educational institutions, the canteen sewerage system should be separate from the rest and have an independent release into the external sewerage system. Risers of the sewage system from the upper floors should not pass through the production premises of the dining room.

8.5. In non-canalized rural areas, buildings of educational institutions are equipped with internal sewerage systems (such as backlash sockets), provided that local treatment facilities are installed. The equipment of outdoor toilets is allowed.

8.6. In educational institutions, the drinking regime of students is organized in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the organization of meals for students in educational institutions, institutions of primary and secondary vocational education.

IX. Requirements for premises and equipment of educational institutions located in adapted buildings

9.1. Accommodation of educational institutions in adapted premises is possible for the duration of the overhaul(reconstruction) of the existing main buildings of educational institutions.

9.2. When placing a general education institution in an adapted building, it is necessary to have a mandatory set of premises: training classes, premises for catering, medical premises, recreation, administrative and utility rooms, bathrooms, wardrobe.

9.3. The areas of classrooms and classrooms are determined based on the number of students in one class in accordance with the requirements of these sanitary rules.

9.4. If it is not possible to equip your own gym, you should use sports facilities located near a general educational institution, provided that they meet the requirements for the design and maintenance of physical culture and sports places.

9.5. For small educational institutions located in rural areas, in the absence of the opportunity to equip their own medical center, it is allowed to organize medical services at feldsher-obstetric points and outpatient clinics.

9.6. In the absence of a wardrobe, it is allowed to equip individual lockers located in recreation areas and corridors.

X. Hygienic requirements for the regime of the educational process

10.1. The optimal age for starting schooling is no earlier than 7 years. In the 1st grades, children of the 8th or 7th year of life are accepted. Children of the 7th year of life are admitted when they reach the age of at least 6 years 6 months by September 1 of the school year.

The occupancy of classes, with the exception of classes of compensatory education, should not exceed 25 people.

10.2. Teaching children under 6 years 6 months by the beginning of the school year should be carried out in a preschool educational institution or in a general educational institution in compliance with all hygienic requirements for the conditions and organization of the educational process for preschool children.

10.3. To prevent overwork of students in the annual calendar curriculum, it is recommended to provide for an even distribution of periods of study time and vacations.

10.4. Training sessions should start no earlier than 8 hours. Zero lessons are not allowed.

In institutions with in-depth study of individual subjects, lyceums and gymnasiums, training is carried out only in the first shift.

In institutions working in two shifts, the teaching of the 1st, 5th, final 9th ​​and 11th grades and classes of compensatory education should be organized in the first shift.

Education in 3 shifts in educational institutions is not allowed.

10.5. The number of hours allotted for the development by students of the curriculum of a general education institution, consisting of a compulsory part and a part formed by the participants of the educational process, should not in aggregate exceed the value of the weekly educational load.

The value of the weekly educational load (number training sessions), realized through lesson and extracurricular activities, is determined in accordance with table 3.

The organization of specialized training in grades 10-11 should not lead to an increase in the educational load. The choice of a training profile should be preceded by career guidance work.

10.6. The educational weekly load must be evenly distributed throughout the school week, while the volume of the maximum permissible load during the day should be:

For students of the 1st grade, it should not exceed 4 lessons and 1 day per week - no more than 5 lessons at the expense of a physical education lesson;

For students of 2-4 grades - no more than 5 lessons, and once a week 6 lessons at the expense of a physical education lesson with a 6-day school week;

For students in grades 5-6 - no more than 6 lessons;

For students in grades 7-11 - no more than 7 lessons.

The lesson schedule is compiled separately for compulsory and optional lessons. Extracurricular activities should be scheduled for days with the fewest required lessons. It is recommended that you take a break of at least 45 minutes between the start of the extracurricular activities and the last lesson.

10.7. The schedule of lessons is made taking into account the daily and weekly mental performance of students and the scale of difficulty of academic subjects (Appendix 3 of these sanitary rules).

10.8. When scheduling lessons, you should alternate subjects of various complexity throughout the day and week: for students of the first stage of education, the basic subjects (mathematics, Russian and foreign languages, natural history, computer science) should be alternated with lessons in music, fine arts, labor, physical education; for students of the II and III stages of education, subjects of the natural and mathematical profile should be alternated with humanitarian subjects.

For students of the 1st grade, the most difficult subjects should be carried out in the 2nd lesson; 2 - 4 grades - 2 - 3 lessons; for students of 5 - 11 grades in 2 - 4 lessons.

There are no double lessons in primary grades.

During school day you should not carry out more than one test work. Testing is recommended to be carried out in the 2nd - 4th lessons.

10.9. The duration of the lesson (academic hour) in all classes should not exceed 45 minutes, with the exception of the 1st grade, in which the duration is regulated by paragraph 10.10 of these sanitary rules, and the compensating class, in which the duration of the lesson should not exceed 40 minutes.

The density of the educational work of students in the classroom in the main subjects should be 60 - 80%.

10.10. Education in the 1st grade is carried out in compliance with the following additional requirements:

Training sessions are held for a 5-day school week and only on the first shift;

Using the "stepwise" learning mode in the first half of the year (in September, October - 3 lessons a day, 35 minutes each, in November - December - 4 lessons, 35 minutes each; January - May - 4 lessons, 45 minutes each) ;

For those visiting the extended day group, it is necessary to organize daytime sleep (at least 1 hour), 3 meals a day and walks;

Training is carried out without point assessment of students' knowledge and homework;

Additional weekly holidays in the middle of the third quarter in the traditional study mode.

10.11. To prevent fatigue and maintain an optimal level of performance during the week, students should have a light school day on Thursday or Friday.

10.12. The duration of the breaks between lessons is at least 10 minutes, the big break (after the 2nd or 3rd lessons) is 20 - 30 minutes. Instead of one big break, it is allowed to set two breaks of 20 minutes each after the 2nd and 3rd lessons.

Organizing outdoor activities is recommended. For this purpose, when conducting a daily dynamic pause, it is recommended to increase the duration of a big break to 45 minutes, of which at least 30 minutes are allocated for organizing motor-active types of activities of students on the sports ground of the institution, in the gym or in recreation.

10.13. The break between shifts should be at least 30 minutes to carry out wet cleaning in the premises and air them, in case of an unfavorable epidemiological situation for disinfection treatment, the break is increased to 60 minutes.

10.14. The use in the educational process of innovative educational programs and technologies, class schedules, training modes is possible in the absence of their adverse effect on the functional state and health of students.

10.15. In small rural educational institutions, depending on the specific conditions, the number of students, their age characteristics, it is allowed to form complete classes from students at the first stage of education. In this case, the optimal is the separate training of students of different ages of the first stage of education.

When combining students of the first stage of education into a class-set, it is optimal to create it from two classes: 1 and 3 grades (1 + 3), 2 and 3 grades (2 + 3), 2 and 4 grades (2 + 4). To prevent fatigue of students, it is necessary to reduce the duration of combined (especially 4 and 5) lessons by 5 - 10 minutes. (except for a physical education lesson). The occupancy of the classes-sets must correspond to table 4.

10.16. In classes of compensatory education, the number of students should not exceed 20 people. Lessons should not be longer than 40 minutes. Correctional and developmental classes are included in the volume of the maximum permissible weekly load established for a student of each age.

Regardless of the length of the school week, the number of lessons per day should not be more than 5 in primary grades (except for the first grade) and more than 6 lessons in grades 5-11.

To prevent fatigue and maintain an optimal level of performance, a facilitated school day is organized - Thursday or Friday.

To facilitate and shorten the period of adaptation to the educational process of students of compensating classes, it is necessary to provide medical and psychological assistance carried out by educational psychologists, pediatricians, speech therapists, other specially trained pedagogical workers, as well as using information and communication technologies, visual aids.

10.17. In order to prevent fatigue, impaired posture and vision of students in the classroom, physical education and gymnastics for the eyes should be carried out (Appendix 4 and Appendix 5 of these sanitary rules).

10.18. It is necessary to alternate during the lesson various types of educational activities (with the exception of tests). The average continuous duration of various types of educational activities of students (reading from paper, writing, listening, polling, etc.) in grades 1-4 should not exceed 7-10 minutes, in grades 5-11 - 10-15 minutes. The distance from the eyes to the notebook or book should be at least 25 - 35 cm for students in grades 1 - 4 and at least 30 - 45 cm for students in grades 5 - 11.

Duration of continuous use in the educational process technical means learning is set according to table 5.

After using technical teaching aids related to visual stress, it is necessary to carry out a set of exercises to prevent eye fatigue (Appendix 5), and at the end of the lesson - physical exercises to prevent general fatigue (Appendix 4).

10.19. The mode of training and organization of work of offices using computer technology must comply with the hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and the organization of work on them.

10.20. To satisfy the biological need for movement, regardless of the age of students, it is recommended to conduct at least 3 lessons of physical culture per week, provided in the amount of the maximum permissible weekly load. It is not allowed to replace physical education lessons with other subjects.

10.21. To increase the physical activity of students, it is recommended to include subjects of a motor-active nature in the curricula for students (choreography, rhythm, modern and ballroom dances, teaching traditional and national sports games).

10.22. The physical activity of students in addition to physical education lessons in the educational process can be provided by:

Organized outdoor games during recess;

Sports hour for children attending an after-school group;

Extracurricular sports activities and competitions, school-wide sports events, health days;

Individual physical education in sections and clubs.

10.23. Sports loads during physical culture lessons, competitions, extracurricular activities of a sports profile during a dynamic or sports hour must correspond to the age, health and physical fitness of students, as well as weather conditions (if they are organized in the open air).

The distribution of students into the main, preparatory and special groups for participation in physical culture, health-improving and sports-mass events is carried out by the doctor, taking into account their state of health (or on the basis of certificates of their health). Students of the main physical culture group are allowed to participate in all physical culture and recreational activities in accordance with their age. With students of preparatory and special groups, physical culture and health improvement work should be carried out taking into account the doctor's opinion.

Students assigned to the preparatory and special groups for health reasons are engaged in physical culture with a decrease in physical activity.

It is advisable to conduct physical education lessons in the open air. The possibility of carrying out physical education in the open air, as well as outdoor games, is determined by a set of indicators of meteorological conditions (temperature, relative humidity and air speed) by climatic zones (Appendix 7).

On rainy, windy and frosty days, physical education classes are held in the hall.

10.24. The motor density of physical culture lessons should be at least 70%.

Students are allowed to test physical fitness, participate in competitions and hiking trips with the permission of a medical worker. His presence at sporting events and at classes in swimming pools is mandatory.

10.25. In labor classes provided for educational program, you should alternate tasks of different nature. You should not perform one type of activity in the lesson throughout the entire time of independent work.

10.26. Students perform all work in the workshops and cabinets of home economics in special clothing (dressing gown, apron, beret, kerchief). When performing work that poses a risk of eye damage, use protective goggles.

10.27. When organizing practice and classes in socially useful labor of students, provided for by the educational program, associated with high physical activity (carrying and moving heavy loads), it is necessary to be guided by the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the safety of working conditions for workers under 18 years of age.

It is not allowed to involve students in work with harmful or hazardous working conditions, during which it is prohibited to use labor, persons under 18 years of age, as well as cleaning sanitary facilities and common areas, washing windows and lamps, removing snow from roofs and other similar work.

For agricultural work (practice) in the regions of the II climatic zone, it is necessary to allocate mainly the first half of the day, and in the regions of the III climatic zone - the second half of the day (16 - 17 hours) and the hours with the least insolation. Agricultural implements used for work must be appropriate for the height and age of the students. Permissible duration work for students 12 - 13 years old is 2 hours; for adolescents 14 years and older - 3 hours. Every 45 minutes of work, you must take a regulated 15-minute rest break. Work on plots and in premises treated with pesticides and agrochemicals is allowed within the time limits established by the State Catalog of Pesticides and Agrochemicals.

10.28. When organizing extended day groups, it is necessary to be guided by the recommendations set out in Appendix 6 of these sanitary rules.

10.29. Circle work in extended day groups should take into account the age characteristics of students, ensure a balance between motor-active and static classes and is organized in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for institutions of additional education for children.

10.30. The volume of homework (in all subjects) should be such that the time spent on completing it does not exceed (in astronomical hours): in grades 2 - 3 - 1.5 hours, in grades 4 - 5 - 2 hours, in 6 - in 8 classes - 2.5 hours, in grades 9-11 - up to 3.5 hours.

10.31. When conducting final certification, it is not allowed to conduct more than one exam per day. The break between examinations must be at least 2 days. If the exam lasts 4 or more hours, it is necessary to organize meals for students.

10.32. The weight of a daily set of textbooks and writing utensils should not exceed: for students in grades 1 - 2 - more than 1.5 kg, 3 - 4 grades - more than 2 kg; 5 - 6 - over 2.5 kg, 7 - 8 - over 3.5 kg, 9 - 11 - over 4.0 kg.

10.33. In order to prevent violations of the posture of students, it is recommended for primary grades to have two sets of textbooks: one for use in the classroom in a general education institution, the second for preparing homework.

XI. Requirements for the organization of medical care for students and the passage of medical examinations by employees of educational institutions

11.1. In all educational institutions, medical care for students should be organized.

11.2. Medical examinations of students in general education institutions and pupils of preschool education units should be organized and carried out in accordance with the procedure established by the federal executive body in the field of health care.

11.3. Students are admitted to classes in a general education institution after suffering an illness only with a certificate from a pediatrician.

11.4. In all types of educational institutions, work is organized to prevent infectious and non-infectious diseases.

11.5. In order to detect lice infestation at least 4 times a year after each vacation and monthly selectively (four to five classes), medical personnel must conduct examinations of children. Examinations (of the scalp and clothing) are carried out in a well-lit room using a magnifying glass and fine combs. After each inspection, the comb is poured over with boiling water or rubbed with a 70 solution of alcohol.

11.6. If scabies and head lice are found, students are suspended from visiting the institution for the duration of the treatment. They can be admitted to a general educational institution only after the completion of the entire complex of therapeutic and prophylactic measures, confirmed by a certificate from a doctor.

The question of preventive treatment of persons who have been in contact with a patient with scabies is decided by the doctor, taking into account the epidemiological situation. Those who were in close household contact, as well as whole groups, classes where several cases of scabies have been registered, or where, in the process of monitoring the outbreak, new patients are detected, are involved in this treatment. In organized groups where preventive treatment of contact persons was not carried out, the examination of the skin of the students is carried out three times with an interval of 10 days.

If scabies is detected in the institution, current disinfection is carried out in accordance with the requirements territorial body exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

11.7. In the class journal, it is recommended to draw up a health sheet, in which for each student they enter information about anthropometric data, a health group, a group of physical education classes, a state of health, the recommended size of educational furniture, as well as medical recommendations.

11.8. All employees of the general education institution undergo preliminary and periodic medical examinations, must be vaccinated in accordance with the national calendar of preventive vaccinations. Each employee of a general education institution must have a personal medical record of the established form.

Employees who avoid medical examinations are not allowed to work.

11.9. Pedagogical workers of general educational institutions undergo professional hygienic training and certification during employment.

XII. Requirements for the sanitary maintenance of the territory and premises

12.1. The territory of a general education institution must be kept clean. The territory is cleaned daily before the students leave the site. In hot, dry weather, it is recommended to water the surfaces of the playgrounds and grass cover 20 minutes before the start of the walk and sports activities. In winter, clear snow and ice from playgrounds and footpaths.

Garbage is collected in garbage bins, which must be tightly closed with lids, and when 2/3 of their volume is filled, they are taken to solid waste landfills in accordance with the contract for the removal of domestic waste. After being emptied, containers (waste bins) must be cleaned and treated with disinfectants (disinfestants), permitted in the prescribed manner. Incineration of garbage on the territory of a general education institution, including in garbage bins, is not allowed.

12.2. Every year (in spring) decorative pruning of shrubs, cutting of young shoots, dry and low branches is carried out. If there are tall trees directly in front of the windows of the classrooms, covering the light openings and reducing the values ​​of natural illumination indicators below the standardized ones, measures are taken to cut them down or trim branches.

12.3. All premises of the educational institution are subject to daily wet cleaning with the use of detergents.

Toilets, dining rooms, lobbies, recreation areas are subject to wet cleaning after each change.

Cleaning training and auxiliary premises carried out after the end of the lessons, in the absence of students, with open windows or transoms. If a general education institution works in two shifts, cleaning is carried out at the end of each shift: they wash the floors, wipe the places where dust accumulates (window sills, radiators, etc.).

The premises of the boarding school at a general educational institution are cleaned at least once a day.

To carry out cleaning and disinfection in a general educational institution and a boarding school at a general educational institution, detergents and disinfectants are used, which are authorized in the established manner for use in children's institutions, observing the instructions for their use.

Disinfectant solutions for washing floors are prepared before direct use in washrooms in the absence of students.

12.4. Disinfectants and detergents are stored in the manufacturer's packaging, in accordance with the instructions and in places inaccessible to students.

12.5. In order to prevent the spread of infection in an unfavorable epidemiological situation in a general educational institution, additional anti-epidemic measures are carried out according to the instructions of the bodies authorized to carry out state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

12.6. General cleaning is carried out at least once a month in all types of premises of a general education institution and a boarding school at a general education institution.

General cleaning by technical personnel (without the involvement of students) is carried out using approved detergents and disinfectants.

Exhaust ventilation grilles are cleaned of dust on a monthly basis.

12.7. In the sleeping rooms of a general education institution and a boarding school at a general education institution, bedding (mattresses, pillows, blankets) should be ventilated directly in the bedrooms with open windows during each general cleaning. Bed linen and towels are changed as soon as they become dirty, but at least once a week.

Before the start of the school year, bedding is treated in a disinfection chamber.

In toilet facilities, soap, toilet paper and towels must be available at all times.

12.8. Daily cleaning of toilets, showers, buffets, medical premises is carried out using disinfectants, regardless of the epidemiological situation. Sanitary equipment is subject to daily decontamination. The handles of the cisterns and door handles are washed with warm water and soap. Sinks, toilet bowls, toilet seats are cleaned with brushes or brushes, cleaning and disinfecting agents permitted in the prescribed manner.

12.9. In the medical office, in addition to disinfecting the premises and furnishings, it is necessary to disinfect medical instruments in accordance with the instructions for disinfection, pre-sterilization cleaning and sterilization of medical devices.

Preference should be given to sterile medical devices single use.

12.10. When medical waste is generated, which, according to the degree of epidemiological hazard, is classified as potentially hazardous waste, it is neutralized and disposed of in accordance with the rules for collection, storage, processing, neutralization and disposal of all types of waste from medical institutions.

12.11. Cleaning equipment for cleaning premises should be marked and assigned to specific areas.

Cleaning equipment for cleaning sanitary facilities (buckets, basins, mops, rags) must be marked (red), used as intended and stored separately from other cleaning equipment.

12.12. At the end of cleaning, all cleaning equipment is washed using detergents, rinsed with running water and dried. Store the cleaning equipment in a place designated for this purpose.

12.13. Sanitary maintenance of premises and disinfection measures in preschool education units are carried out in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, maintenance and organization of the mode of operation of preschool organizations.

12.14. Sanitary condition catering facilities should be maintained taking into account the sanitary and epidemic requirements for the organization of meals for students in educational institutions. In the presence of a pool, cleaning and disinfection of premises and equipment is carried out in accordance with the sanitary rules for swimming pools.

12.15. Sports equipment is subject to daily cleaning with detergents.

The sports equipment located in the gym is wiped with a damp cloth, metal parts - with a dry cloth at the end of each training shift. The gym is ventilated for at least 10 minutes after each lesson. The sports carpet is cleaned daily using a vacuum cleaner, at least 3 times a month it is wet cleaned using a washing vacuum cleaner. Sports mats are wiped daily with soap and soda solution.

12.16. In the presence of carpets and carpets (in the premises of an elementary comprehensive school, extended day groups, boarding school), they are cleaned with a vacuum cleaner on a daily basis, and also once a year they are dried and knocked out in the fresh air.

12.17. When synanthropic insects and rodents appear in the institution on the territory of the general educational institution and in all rooms, it is necessary to carry out disinsection and deratization by forces specialized organizations in accordance with the regulatory and methodological documents.

In order to prevent the emergence of flies and their destruction in the development phase, once every 5 - 10 days, outdoor toilets are treated with approved disinfectants in accordance with the regulatory and methodological documents for the fight against flies.

XIII. Requirements for compliance with sanitary rules

13.1. The head of a general education institution is the person responsible for the organization and completeness of the implementation of these sanitary rules, including ensuring:

The presence in the institution of these sanitary rules and bringing their content to the employees of the institution;

Compliance with the requirements of sanitary rules by all employees of the institution;

Necessary conditions for compliance with sanitary rules;

Recruitment of persons who have access for health reasons, who have undergone professional hygienic training and certification;

Availability of medical books for each employee and their timely passage of periodic medical examinations;

Organization of measures for disinfection, disinsection and deratization;

Availability of first aid kits and their timely replenishment.

13.2. The medical staff of a general education institution carries out daily monitoring of compliance with the requirements of sanitary rules.

* Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 31, 2009 N 277 "On Approval of the Regulations on Licensing of Educational Activities".

Appendix 1 to SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

In order to form the correct posture and maintain health, it is necessary from the first days of study in a general education institution to educate and form the correct working posture of students at the school desk. For this it is necessary to devote a special lesson in the first grades.

To form the correct posture, it is necessary to provide a workplace for the student with furniture in accordance with his height; teach him to maintain the correct working posture during training sessions, which is the least tiring: sit deep in a chair, keep the body and head straight; the legs should be bent at the hip and knee joints, the feet should rest on the floor, the forearms should lie freely on the table.

When the student is placed at the desk, the chair is pushed under the table so that when resting on the back, his palm is placed between the chest and the table.

For the rational selection of furniture in order to prevent disorders of the musculoskeletal system, it is recommended to equip all classrooms and offices with growth bars.

The teacher explains to the students how to hold the head, shoulders, arms, and emphasizes that it is impossible to rest your chest on the edge of the desk (table); the distance from the eyes to the book or notebook should be equal to the length of the forearm from the elbow to the end of the fingers. Hands lie freely, not pressing against the table, the right hand and fingers of the left lie on the notebook. Both feet rest on the floor with their entire feet.

When mastering the skills of writing, the student rests on the back of the desk (chair) with his lower back, when explaining the teacher - sits more freely, rests on the back of the desk (chair) not only with the sacro-lumbar, but also with the subscapular part of the back. The teacher, after explaining and showing the correct seating at the desk, asks the students of the whole class to sit correctly and, walking around the class, corrects if necessary.

In the classroom, the table "Sit Correctly When Writing" should be placed so that students always have it before their eyes. At the same time, students need to be shown tables showing defects in posture resulting from improper fit. The development of a certain skill is achieved not only by explanation, supported by a demonstration, but also by systematic repetition. To develop the skill of correct landing, the teacher must daily monitor the correctness of the posture of students during classes.

The role of the teacher in educating students of the correct fit is especially great during the first three to four years of study in a general education institution, when they develop this skill, as well as in subsequent years of study.

The teacher, in cooperation with parents, can give recommendations on the choice of a backpack for textbooks and school supplies: the weight of a backpack without textbooks for students in grades 1 - 4 should be no more than 700 g. In this case, the backpack should have wide straps (4 - 4.5 cm) and sufficient form stability, ensuring its snug fit to the student's back and uniform weight distribution. The material for the manufacture of knapsacks should be lightweight, durable, with a water-repellent coating, easy to clean.

Appendix 4 to SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

exercise minutes (FM)

Training sessions that combine mental, static, dynamic loads on individual organs and systems and for the whole organism as a whole, require physical culture minutes (hereinafter - FM) to be held in the classroom to relieve local fatigue and FM of general influence.

FM for improving cerebral circulation:

2. I. p. - sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - turn the head to the right, 2 - ip, 3 - turn the head to the left, 4 - ip. Repeat 6-8 times. The pace is slow.

3. I. p. - standing or sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - swing your left hand over your right shoulder, turn your head to the left. 2 - ip, 3 - 4 - the same with the right hand. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow.

FM for relieving fatigue from the shoulder girdle and arms:

1. I. p. - standing or sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - right hand forward, left up. 2 - change the position of the hands. Repeat 3-4 times, then relax down and shake your hands, tilt your head forward. Average pace.

2. I. p. - standing or sitting, hands with the back side on the belt. 1 - 2 - bring your elbows forward, tilt your head forward, 3 - 4 - elbows back, bend. Repeat 6 - 8 times, then hands down and shake loosely. The pace is slow.

3. I. p. - sitting, hands up. 1 - clench the brushes into a fist, 2 - unclench the brushes. Repeat 6 - 8 times, then relax your hands down and shake your hands. Average pace.

FM for relieving fatigue from the torso:

1. I. p. - stand feet apart, hands behind the head. 1 - sharply turn the pelvis to the right. 2 - sharply turn the pelvis to the left. Leave the shoulder girdle motionless during the turns. Repeat 6-8 times. Average pace.

2. I. p. - stand feet apart, hands behind the head. 1 - 5 - circular movements with the pelvis in one direction, 4 - 6 - the same in the other direction, 7 - 8 - hands down and shake the hands loosely. Repeat 4-6 times. Average pace.

3. I. p. - leg stand apart. 1 - 2 - tilt forward, the right hand slides down along the leg, the left, bending up, along the body, 3 - 4 - ip, 5 - 8 - the same in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times. Average pace.

FM of general impact are completed from exercises for different muscle groups, taking into account their tension in the process of activity.

A set of FM exercises for students of the I stage of education in the classroom with elements of writing:

1. Exercises to improve cerebral circulation. I. p. - sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - turn the head to the right, 2 - ip, 3 - turn the head to the left, 4 - ip, 5 - gently tilt your head back, 6 - ip, 7 - tilt your head forward. Repeat 4-6 times. The pace is slow.

2. Exercises to relieve fatigue from small muscles of the hand. I. p. - sitting, arms raised up. 1 - clench the brushes into a fist, 2 - unclench the brushes. Repeat 6 - 8 times, then relax your hands down and shake your hands. Average pace.

3. Exercise to relieve fatigue from the muscles of the trunk. I. p. - stand feet apart, hands behind the head. 1 - sharply turn the pelvis to the right. 2 - sharply turn the pelvis to the left. Leave the shoulder girdle motionless during the turns. Repeat 4-6 times. Average pace.

4. Exercise to mobilize attention. I. p. - standing, arms along the body. 1 - right hand on the belt, 2 - left hand on the belt, 3 - right hand on the shoulder, 4 - left hand on the shoulder, 5 - right hand up, 6 - left hand up, 7 - 8 - hand claps over the head, 9 - lower the left hand on the shoulder, 10 - the right hand on the shoulder, 11 - the left hand on the belt, 12 - the right hand on the belt, 13 - 14 - hand slaps on the hips. Repeat 4-6 times. Tempo - 1 time slow, 2 - 3 times - medium, 4 - 5 - fast, 6 - slow.

Appendix 5 to SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

1. Blink quickly, close your eyes and sit quietly, slowly counting to 5. Repeat 4 - 5 times.

3. Extend your right arm forward. Follow with your eyes, without turning your head, for slow movements of the index finger of an outstretched hand to the left and right, up and down. Repeat 4 - 5 times.

4. Look at the index finger of the outstretched hand at the count of 1 - 4, then move the gaze into the distance at the count of 1 - 6. Repeat 4 - 5 times.

5. At an average pace, do 3 - 4 circular movements with the eyes to the right side, the same amount to the left. Relaxing the eye muscles, look into the distance at the count of 1 - 6. Repeat 1 - 2 times.

Appendix 6 to SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

extended day groups

General Provisions.

It is recommended to complete extended day groups from students of the same class or parallel classes. Students staying in an extended day group at the same time educational process may cover the period of time spent by students in a general education institution from 8.00 - 8.30 to 18.00 - 19.00.

It is advisable to place premises for extended day groups for students of grades I - VIII within the respective training sections, including recreation.

It is recommended for students of the first grades of the extended day group to allocate sleeping rooms and playrooms. In the absence of special rooms in a general education institution for organizing sleep and games, universal rooms can be used that combine a bedroom and a playroom, equipped with built-in furniture: wardrobes, single-tier beds.

For students in grades II-VIII, depending on the specific capabilities, it is recommended to allocate assigned premises for the organization of play activities, circle work, classes at the request of students, daytime sleep for the weakened.

Daily regime.

To ensure the maximum possible health-improving effect and preserve the working capacity of students attending extended-day groups, it is necessary to rationalize the daily regimen, starting from the moment of arrival at a general educational institution, and to conduct extensive physical culture and health-improving activities.

The best combination of the types of activities of students in extended day groups is their physical activity in the air before the start of self-preparation (walking, outdoor and sports games, socially useful work on the site of a general educational institution, if it is provided for by the educational program), and after self-preparation - participation in emotional activities. character (classes in circles, games, visiting entertainment events, preparing and conducting amateur concerts, quizzes and other events).

The daily routine must necessarily provide for: food, walking, daytime sleep for students in grades 1 and weakened students in grades II-III, self-training, socially useful work, circle work and a wide range of physical culture and recreational activities.

Outdoor recreation.

After the end of classes in a general education institution, to restore the working capacity of students before completing homework, rest is organized for at least 2 hours. Most of this time is spent outdoors. It is advisable to provide for walks:

Before lunch, lasting at least 1 hour, after the end of school hours;

Before self-preparation for an hour.

Walks are recommended to be accompanied by sports, outdoor games and physical exercises. V winter time it is useful to organize skating, skiing 2 times a week. During warmer months, it is recommended to organize activities in athletics, volleyball, basketball, tennis and other outdoor sports. It is also recommended to use the swimming pool for swimming and water sports.

Students assigned to a special medical group or who have suffered acute illnesses, during sports and outdoor games, perform exercises that are not associated with significant stress.

Students' clothing during outdoor activities should protect them from hypothermia and overheating and not restrict movement.

In bad weather, outdoor games can be transferred to well-ventilated rooms.

A place for outdoor recreation and sports hours can be a school area or specially equipped areas. In addition, adjacent squares, parks, forests, stadiums can be used for these purposes.

Organization of daytime sleep for first graders and weakened children.

Sleep relieves fatigue and excitement of children who are in a large group for a long time, increases their efficiency. The duration of daytime sleep should be at least 1 hour.

For the organization of daytime sleep, either special sleeping rooms or universal rooms with an area of ​​4.0 m per student should be allocated, equipped with teenagers (1600 x 700 mm) or built-in single-tier beds.

When arranging beds, it is necessary to observe the distance between: the long sides of the bed - 50 cm; headboards - 30 cm; bed and outer wall - 60 cm, and for the northern regions of the country - 100 cm.

Each student should be assigned a certain sleeping place with a change of bed linen as it gets dirty, but at least once every 10 days.

Preparing homework.

When doing homework by students (self-study), the following recommendations should be observed:

Prepare lessons in a fixed classroom equipped with furniture corresponding to the growth of students;

Start self-training at 15 - 16 hours, since by this time a physiological increase in working capacity is noted;

Limit the duration of homework so that the time spent on doing it does not exceed (in astronomical hours): in grades 2 - 3 - 1.5 hours, in grades 4 - 5 - 2 hours, in grades 6 - 8 - 2.5 hours, in grades 9 - 11 - up to 3.5 hours;

Provide, at the discretion of students, the order of completing homework, while recommending starting with the subject average labor nobility for this student;

Provide students with the opportunity to take arbitrary breaks at the end of a certain stage of work;

Spend "exercise minutes" lasting 1-2 minutes;

Provide students who have completed their homework before the whole group, the opportunity to start classes of interest (in the game, library, reading room).

Extracurricular activities.

Extracurricular activities are carried out in the form of excursions, circles, sections, Olympiads, competitions, etc.

The duration of the classes depends on the age and type of activity. The duration of such activities as reading, music lessons, drawing, modeling, handicrafts, quiet games should be no more than 50 minutes a day for students in grades 1 - 2, and no more than one and a half hours a day for the rest of the classes. In music lessons, it is recommended to use the elements of rhythm and choreography more widely. TV shows and movies should not be watched more than twice a week, with a viewing duration limited to 1 hour for students in grades 1 - 3 and 1.5 for students in grades 4 - 8.

It is recommended to use general school premises for organizing various types of extracurricular activities: reading, assembly and sports halls, a library, as well as premises of closely located cultural centers, children's leisure centers, sports facilities, stadiums.

Nutrition.

Properly organized and balanced nutrition is the most important factor in health improvement. When organizing an extended day in a general education institution, three meals a day for students should be provided: breakfast - at the second or third break during training sessions; lunch - during extended day stay at 13-14 hours, afternoon snack - at 16-17 hours.