The main directions of the development of public debt. Main trends in the development of public administration in modern Russia Ural Model UN
FEDERATIONS 2016 - 2018
1. The main directions of development of the state civil service Russian Federation for 2016 - 2018 are:
a) improving the management of the personnel of the state civil service of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the civil service) and improving the quality of its formation;
b) improving the system of professional development of civil servants of the Russian Federation, increasing their professionalism and competence;
c) increasing the prestige of the civil service;
d) improvement of anti-corruption mechanisms in the civil service system.
2. In order to implement these Guidelines, the following must be ensured:
A) improvement organizational framework management of the personnel structure of the civil service. To this end, by 2018 it is necessary to introduce additional mechanisms to ensure the preservation of the personnel potential of the civil service during organizational and staff activities in federal bodies. executive power, as well as standards for the rationing of the number of typical units federal bodies executive power, including by categories and groups of positions in the civil service;
b) creation of a unified information and communication space in the civil service system. For these purposes, it is necessary:
By 2019, make the transition to the use of a single information system management of the personnel structure of the civil service;
by 2018, introduce electronic personnel workflow in federal state bodies and ensure automated verification of information submitted by citizens entering the federal state civil service;
d) creation of conditions for independent professional development of civil servants. For these purposes, by 2018 it is necessary to create a single specialized information resource, as well as a mechanism to motivate federal civil servants to continuous professional development;
e) improving the system of professional development of civil servants. To this end, by 2018, it is necessary to introduce new forms of professional development of civil servants, ensuring an increase in the efficiency of their professional service activities, as well as additional mechanisms for financing the professional development of federal civil servants based on the needs of federal government agencies;
f) enhancing the prestige of the civil service. To this end, by 2019, it is necessary to complete measures to improve the system of material incentives for civil servants, as well as the structure of their pay;
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 11, 2016 No. 403 (hereinafter referred to as the Decree) approved the Main Directions for the Development of the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation for 2016-2018, and also identified the main tasks aimed at their implementation.
The Government of the Russian Federation was instructed to develop and approve an action plan ("road map") for the implementation of the main directions of development of the state civil service within a month and to inform the President of the Russian Federation on the progress of the implementation of the developed action plan annually by March 1. It is necessary to bring regulatory framework in accordance with the Decree and to ensure control and coordination of the activities of federal state bodies on the implementation of the "road map".
Bodies state power the subjects of the Russian Federation are recommended to take into account the provisions of the Decree when organizing regional events for the development of the state civil service.
Among the directions identified by the Decree:
Improving the management of the civil service personnel and improving the quality of its formation,
Improving the system of professional development of civil servants, increasing their professionalism and competence,
Increasing the prestige of the civil service,
· Improvement of anti-corruption mechanisms in the system of the state civil service of the Russian Federation.
In order to improve the organizational foundations of civil service personnel management until 2018, it is necessary to introduce additional mechanisms to ensure the preservation of the civil service personnel potential, including during organizational and staff activities.
To create a unified information and communication space in the civil service system is aimed at solving the problems of development and use by federal state bodies of a unified information system for managing the personnel of the civil service and electronic personnel document management, incl. automated verification of information submitted by applicants to the federal civil service.
In order to increase the objectivity and transparency of the procedures for holding tenders for vacancies civil service and inclusion in personnel reserve, from 2017, candidates should be provided with the opportunity to submit documents to in electronic format, by 2018, a unified methodology for holding competitions should be introduced.
The creation of new mechanisms for motivating civil servants to continuous professional development and the creation of an appropriate single specialized information resource by 2018 are aimed at creating conditions for the independent professional development of civil servants.
In order to increase the prestige of the civil service by 2019, it is necessary to complete measures to improve the system of material incentives for civil servants, as well as the structure of their pay. Generation functions public policy and legal regulation in the field of remuneration of federal government civil servants should be transferred to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection.
To increase the effectiveness of anti-corruption mechanisms in the activities of federal state bodies to combat corruption, it is necessary to introduce a new assessment method and a system for monitoring the effectiveness of the activities of the units of these bodies for the prevention of corruption and other offenses by 2018. In addition, in order to provide citizens with access to up-to-date information on anti-corruption issues, from 2017 it is necessary to provide monthly updates of the relevant sections of the official websites of federal executive bodies.
In general, the adoption of the Decree will make it possible to carry out further measures to develop the institution of the civil service in order to increase its efficiency and professionalism, focus on meeting the urgent needs of society and developing the economy.
Organization and performance of domestic public service causes justified criticism from both the public and higher echelons state power. The negative aspects include the following:
· Low efficiency of government agencies;
· Violation of the principle of the unity of the civil service and its management system at the federal and regional levels, which leads to the autarkization of the civil service;
· The presence of contradictions and gaps in the legislation of the Russian Federation on public service;
Undeveloped legislative mechanisms of the relationship between the state and municipal service;
Mismatch between social and legal status civil servant the degree of responsibility assigned to him;
Poor use of modern technologies government controlled;
Low efficiency of legal and organizational measures to control the activities of state bodies by civil society;
· Insufficient efficiency of personnel policy in the field of public service;
· Preservation of the conservative system of training and professional development of civil servants;
· Insufficient resource provision of the civil service.
These and other problems are closely related and cannot be solved separately. The Federal Program for Reforming and Development of the Civil Service System of the Russian Federation approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 10, 2009, is aimed at their comprehensive and consistent solution, the implementation of which is scheduled for 2009–2013. It defines the goal, main tasks, directions, terms, stages and executors.
The purpose of the Program is creation of an integral system of the civil service of the Russian Federation by completing the reform of its types and the creation of a civil service management system, the formation of a highly qualified civil service personnel, ensuring the effectiveness of public administration, the development of civil society and an innovative economy
The objectives of the Program include:
ü ensuring the relationship between the types of public service, as well as state and municipal services;
ü formation of modern legal basis military and law enforcement service, improving the legal framework of the state civil service of the Russian Federation;
ü creation of a civil service management system;
ü Formation of a system for monitoring public opinion on the effectiveness of civil service and the effectiveness of professional service activities of civil servants;
ü development and introduction of anti-corruption standards in the form of establishing for the state and municipal services a unified system of prohibitions, restrictions, duties and permissions aimed at preventing corruption;
ü development of a mechanism for preventing corruption, identifying and resolving conflicts of interest in public service
ü creation of a system of control over the activities of civil servants by civil society institutions
ü streamlining and specifying the powers of civil servants, which should be enshrined in official regulations
ü development of an optimal system of interaction between civil society institutions and the media with state bodies, excluding the possibility of unlawful interference in the activities of civil servants
ü Improving the mechanism to ensure that civil servants comply with general principles official conduct, approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 12, 2002 N 885 "On the approval of general principles of official conduct of civil servants"
ü regulation of the function of providing advisory assistance to federal government bodies, government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, other government bodies formed in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation (hereinafter - government bodies), on issues related to the application in practice of general principles of official conduct of state employees
ü methodological support of the activities of the commissions on compliance with the requirements for service behavior and settlement of conflicts of interest
ü development of a mechanism for taking measures to prevent conflicts of interest, including after the departure of a civil servant from public service
ü development of a procedure to ensure the conduct of official investigations of cases of corruption on the part of civil servants
ü regulation of issues related to increasing the pay and optimization of the pension provision of civil servants
ü improvement of work aimed at the priority application of measures to prevent and combat corruption in public service
ü introduction into the practice of personnel work of state bodies of the rule, in accordance with which long-term, flawless and efficient execution civil servants of their job responsibilities should in mandatory taken into account when appointing him to a higher position, assigning him a military or special rank, class rank, diplomatic rank or when encouraged
ü improvement of organizational and legal mechanisms of professional performance of civil servants in order to improve the quality public services provided by state bodies to citizens and organizations
ü introduction of effective technologies and modern methods personnel work aimed at increasing professional competence, motivating civil servants and providing conditions for increasing the effectiveness of their professional performance
ü development of a system of measures aimed at improving the procedure for passing civil service and stimulating the conscientious performance of public service duties at a high professional level
ü reduction of the excessive number of civil servants with the simultaneous involvement of the most qualified specialists in the civil service and the creation of adequate material incentives depending on the volume and results of the work of civil servants
ü formation and implementation of training programs for civil service and professional development of civil servants
ü development of a system of additional vocational education civil servants
ü improvement of the system of state guarantees in the civil service
ü introduction of modern incentive mechanisms for civil servants
For the implementation of the Program, specific terms and stages have been determined:
Stage I - 2009-2010;
Stage II - 2011-2013.
The main directions of the Program implementation include:
· Formation of the civil service system as an integral state-legal institution, creation of a civil service management system;
· Introduction of effective technologies and modern methods of personnel work in the civil service;
· Increasing the efficiency of civil service and the effectiveness of professional service activities of civil servants.
Concluding short description the main goals, objectives and directions of reforming and developing the civil service system, it should be noted that both at the federal and regional levels the organization of the civil service has a lot of research, regulatory and legal, organizational, managerial and personnel work. In the process of its implementation, it is necessary to use innovative methods.
The innovativeness of public administration presupposes the ability and skill of public authorities, on the one hand, to direct what is happening in society innovation processes into a socially constructive channel, and on the other - structurally and functionally to rebuild adequately to the real and predicted challenges of an innovatively changing society. The development and implementation of the concept of innovative public administration puts forward new professional requirements for all categories of statesmen - from top managers to specialists. Regardless of the position held, each of them must first of all have a sense of organic involvement in the process of the country's life.
As a result of the organization carried out by the department social systems and Anti-Crisis Management of the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation for Research in 2004-2005. conceptual foundations of social and innovative orientation of public administration, training of civil service personnel were developed, and a breakthrough methodology in the field of public administration was substantiated.
In 2006, the temporary creative team of the department with the participation of scientists from the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Applied Mathematics. M.V. Keldysh implemented a scientific project "Professionalization of civil servants: development of technologies for solving complex problems of innovative public administration." As a result of this research, the fundamentals of technology for solving problems of situational and monitoring diagnostics of innovative social processes, dynamic modeling of the system and processes of social and innovative public administration, risk management of social innovations have been developed. Programs have been prepared for each of these areas. training courses, which are modularly included in the structure of the developed program professional retraining civil servants "Social innovation of public administration". At the same time, the eponymous training program advanced training of teachers in the system of training civil servants.
In November 2006, on the initiative of the named department, the International Scientific and Practical Conference "Innovation of Public Administration: Breakthrough into the Future" was held at the Academy. The work of the conference was aimed at an expanded search for a solution to the problem of socially innovative public administration and, accordingly, innovative professionalization of the state cadre corps.
Innovation is always an innovation that requires creativity, time and financial investment. "Civil servant - for society" - this is main principle, which the state must adhere to when transforming the system of public service management. This will naturally lead to a reorientation of service activities towards the interests of society and the state.
1. What are the main components of the structure of the federal public service?
2. What are the principles of interaction of public services of legislative, executive and judiciary?
3. Is it true that the organization of the regional civil service is the exclusive competence of the subjects of the federation?
4. What is the purpose of reforming and developing the public service system in Russia?
5. What are the main directions of reforming and developing the public service of the Russian Federation?
2. Federal program... "Reforming and development of the system of civil service of the Russian Federation (2009-2013) in the list of tasks contains" the formation of a modern legal basis for military and law enforcement service, improving the legal basis of the state civil service of the Russian Federation. "
Why, in relation to some types of public service, is the task of forming a modern legal framework, and in relation to others - the task of improving the legal framework?
3. Among the negative organizational issues The Program for the Reform and Development of the Civil Service System of the Russian Federation includes "the preservation of the conservative system of training and professional development of civil servants."
What measures are planned to be implemented to eliminate this deficiency? Evaluate their effectiveness.
Bibliography
Volkov A.A., FSO of Russia
Main directions of development State system legal information
The position of the FSO of Russia is that for the next decade we set ourselves the task of developing the State System of Legal Information (GSPI). This is how the event was formulated in the approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 20, 2010 N 1815-r State program Russian Federation "Information Society (2011-2020)". The executor of the event, as already noted, was determined by the FSO of Russia.
In our opinion, the GSPI will consist of a set of functional subsystems, each of which will be a complex independent system functioning according to unified regulatory, organizational and technological principles, namely, subsystems:
informational and legal support of the law-making process of public authorities at various levels;
maintaining banks of legal acts of public authorities and local government on a technological basis ISS "Legislation of Russia";
storage of legal information in electronic form;
access to official legal information.
GSPI can be conditionally centralized and have two levels of management:
federal, uniting systems of legal information of federal bodies of state and executive power,
regional uniting typical systems legal information of the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with the local self-government bodies included in each constituent entity.
For the development of each of the subsystems there are real prerequisites, which in themselves are a subject for discussion and detailed analysis. Let's take a very brief look at these subsystems.
Subsystem of information and legal support of the law-making process of state authorities at various levels.
In our opinion, the means of information and legal support of the law-making process being created should include:
means of integration into electronic document flow, providing participants in the law-making process with the opportunity to work collectively on draft legal acts, quick search required documents, control over the passage of draft legal acts;
software tools to maintain comparative analysis normative legal acts of different levels;
in the long term - software tools of expert systems that allow to comprehensively assess the relevance and consistency of a draft legal act in the process of its preparation;
arrays legal documents required by the participants in the law-making process for the adoption and implementation of regulations;
advanced telecommunications facilities that provide direct access to information and legal resources of all participants in lawmaking at each stage of the process;
integrated information security tools.
It should be noted that in 2010, a number of R&D projects commissioned by the FSO of Russia were completed to create the first stage of the transferred funds in the interests of the Government Office of the Russian Federation, the Federation Council Federal Assembly Of the Russian Federation and public authorities of the regions of the country. We intend to start their practical implementation in the near future.
Idea official publication legal acts in electronic form is not new. Since 1998, on our initiative, it has been tested by the public. And I must admit that in those technological conditions would hardly be successfully implemented. In 2008, at the request of the FSO of Russia, this idea was scientifically worked out, formulated and substantiated by the creative team under the leadership of V.B. Isakov and I.L. Bachilo within the framework of the "Official" research project.
In its most condensed form, the idea is as follows.
Should be created one system covering officially published legal acts government bodies, local government bodies and other government bodies, throughout the country. The final composition of the participants (subjects) of the system will number tens of thousands of subscribers and cover the vertical of power from the President of the Russian Federation to the head of the municipality.
The creation of this system will make it possible to ensure the official electronic publication of all types of legal acts in accordance with uniform requirements, as well as to provide unhindered access to legal and individuals to any legal act, regardless of the location of the user, the level and form of the required legal act.
In our opinion, the most stringent requirements to ensure the reliability of published documents, as well as to ensure comprehensive information security, should be implemented in the electronic publication system. The FSO of Russia intends to use the maximum possible means and technologies in these matters.
And this is only the organizational and technical side of the issue. Organizational and legal issues are on a separate plane. Therefore, one of the most important and large-scale tasks is to determine the directions of formation legal framework, i.e. demarcate subjects legal regulation, determine their content and legal form regulation of the relevant relationship.
Naturally, the implementation of these proposals goes far beyond the competence of the FSO of Russia, but in this case it is the FSO of Russia that is the initiator of the above changes, which closely affect both the system of public administration and the relationship between the state and society.
It should be noted that the voiced idea long ago jumped out of the framework of the FSO of Russia and the creative team working on the research. Moreover, she already takes possession of the minds regional authorities... As has often happened, the regions do not expect impulses from federal center and move on to their understanding in this matter.
The task of the center, in our opinion, is to provide the authorities with standard organizational and legal mechanisms and unified technological and technical tools.
Therefore, we began to move simultaneously in three directions:
carrying out the appropriate R&D;
practicing practical measures for the official publication in electronic form of legal acts of the President of the Russian Federation using available technologies for ensuring information security;
practical development of similar technologies in the Leningrad region.
The main purpose of the subsystem for maintaining banks of legal acts of state authorities and local self-government and the subsystem for storing legal information in electronic form is:
provision of unified technologies for maintaining reference banks of state authorities and local self-government by the forces of these bodies themselves;
ensuring the guaranteed storage of official legal acts in electronic form (including legal acts federal level limited access), comments to them;
ensuring reliable storage of legal information in electronic form for at least 50 years;
ensuring the stable functioning of the duplicate node of legal information and the infrastructure of the state repository of official legal information in electronic form, including in times of war and in emergency situations.
And, finally, the subsystem of access to official legal information should become a single unifying tool within the GSPI.
The most promising and dynamically developing way of public access to information is the Internet. We believe that the necessary combination of information and legal resources and services of the federal, regional and local levels, the non-governmental sector, as well as information about them, is possible through the Official Internet portal of legal information.
The official Internet portal of legal information is designed to provide:
operational wide and unconditionally free access to state information and legal resources, as well as access to other information and legal resources;
implementation of the main method of access to the system of official publication in electronic form;
prompt notification of events in the field of law and in the field of legal informatization of Russia;
possibility feedback with a user audience through the use of interactive services;
the possibility of creating, storing and managing websites of interested structures in the field of legal informatization;
the required level of information security.
Since March 28 of this year. We have put the official Internet portal of legal information into permanent operation on the Internet at pravo.fso.gov.ru. Our partners in the framework of the portal are our colleagues in legal informatization from the non-governmental sector.
At the same time, the internal technological needs of the GSPI will require the continuation of the development of our corporate secure data transmission systems "Web" and "Atlas", taking into account the prospects for the transition to the use of means of a single multiservice network of special communications.
In conclusion, the following should be noted. The entire GSPI will operate uniform regulatory and technological mechanisms. In particular, the requirements and measures of information security, including ensuring the reliability and integrity of legal information using an electronic digital signature through the infrastructure of the corporate certification centers of the GSPI. Carrying out a unified state policy in the course of the development of the GSPI should optimize and unify the available technologies in legal sphere... And as a result, to strengthen the legal mechanisms of functioning Russian state and society.
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
FSBEI HE "Ural State Economic University"
Institute of Distance Education
Course work
by discipline "Fundamentals of State and Municipal Administration"
Theme: " The main trends in the development of public administration in modern Russia »
Executor: Kaznacheeva E.A.
Direction: State and Municipal Administration
Profile: State and municipal service
Group: GMUs-17 KT
Teacher: Latypov R.T.
Ekaterinburg
Oct 2018
Introduction 2
CHAPTER 1. Fundamentals of State Administration of the Russian Federation 4
1.1. The concept and principles of public administration in Russia 4
1.2. The role of innovation in improving the efficiency of the system of government bodies 8
CHAPTER 2. The main trends in the development of public administration in modern Russia ………………………………………… ..………………...13
2.1. Formation e-government in Russia: Barriers and Ways to Overcome Them 13
2.2. Improving the professionalism of civil servants is the basis for the modernization of public administration 17
CONCLUSION 24
REFERENCES 26
INTRODUCTION
Currently, the problem is very acute innovative development the system of political institutions in general and government bodies in particular. Indeed, in order to carry out a modernization breakthrough, public authorities must work using innovative approaches and technologies, and in order to determine priorities innovation activities they should be staffed by professionals who are familiar with innovative approaches firsthand. It is necessary that government bodies are innovatively developed and open to innovation.
At present, Russian society is going through a rather difficult period. Modern system civil service functions in conditions characterized by rapid changes and fundamental socio-economic transformations, the creation of a new post-industrial information society, revision of moral and ethical values.
Any person perceives the material world through such concepts as space, time, past, present, future, etc. The time in which human society lives today is characterized by a sharp acceleration of changes, which at the subjective level is perceived as situations sweeping by with great speed. This time offers tasks that a person needs to manage to solve today. And any decision made today entails the following in the future, which not every leader, civil servant is ready to forecast and perceive. This explains the relevance of this work.
The aim of the work is to analyze the basic principles and directions of modernization of public administration in the Russian Federation.Based on this goal, the following work tasks can be distinguished:
Expand the concept and principles of public administration in Russia;
Outline the role of innovation in improving the efficiency of the system of government bodies;
Analyze the formation of electronic government in Russia: barriers and ways to overcome them;
Designate an increase in the professionalism of civil servants as the basis for the modernization of public administration.