System "Plato" - what is it? Russian charge collection system with trucks having a lot of over 12 tons

Comparatively recently, a system was launched on the territory of the Russian Federation on automatic collection of funds from owners of trucks with a mass of over 12 tons as compensation for damage caused by damage. The system of roads "Plato", which received his name is by no means in honor of the great thinker, but from the reduction of the "fee per ton", from the very moment of the launch caused many differences. What is the features of this program and what is the principle of its work?

System "Plato": What is it?

Trucks subject to the program, have a mass equal to or over 12 tons. For moving transport on federal highways of the country is charged. "Plato" has its own database, which made over two million cars and more than 51 thousand kilometers of roadbed. The official launch of the system was produced in November last year.

The government in the role of the main operator "Plato" chose the company "RT-Invest" TC. After negotiations with the federal road agency, a decision was made, according to which the payment of the passage was charged both in the form of "facial payment" and using the automatic system.

The main goal of the system is to improve the state of the road fabric of federal highways in the territory of all Russia. Every year it is applied to significant damage due to automotive products, whose weight exceeds 12 tons. The Plato system is used as a foundation for the next new program, which will be launched until 2020. By excluding the possibility of restoration of the roadway, it can be completely replaced, without resorting to funds from the federal budget.

Work principles

There are several ways to charge funds from drivers who have the Plato system. What is it, and how exactly the passage of federal tracks?

Advances. Money is entered into the system immediately before shipping to the flight. You can make the amount both in one trip and for several subsequent.

For a passed kilometer. The most convenient because it does not imply overpays. Before each departure on the track is paid. "Plato" offers a more practical way - installing a special device in the car's cab. However, connections also have their drawbacks. The first is strict control of a kilometer traveled. The second is the binding of the car to the GLONASS satellite system and, accordingly, control from the traffic police.

Hinged frames. Are part of the Plato system. The federal roads are equipped with similar electromagnetic type designs, which read the information from the vehicle passing through them and write down a certain amount of money from the personal account of the driver. For this, of course, registration in the Plato system is required and the presence of a special electronic code, which read the framework.

If charges with trucks are charged by an in advance and regular design of road routes, the following procedure is as follows:

• In any customer support center with its employees.
• Filling in a special form and account registered through the personal account on Platon.ru.

The onboard device installed in the vehicle cabins is fully operational in automatic mode.

Registration in the "Platon" system

Initially, the owners of freight vehicles need to be registered. Information is made to the database not only about the client, but also about its car. This procedure can be held through the site Platon.ru. After completing authorization, the user will receive the generated password and login. In the Personal Account, you must specify the personal account and make money on it. Registration of a route card can be started immediately after crediting money to the account.

Ways of payment

When making a route card, cash is removed from the facial account of the vehicle owner if it has registration in the Plato system. To pay the selected route, you can enroll finances directly to the operator's bank account in the presence of details. A similar procedure implies a non-cash payment. In addition, there is the possibility of payment through a bank card, and this applies not only to the terminals, but also to payment forms in the Personal Account and Mobile Application.

Cap size for multi-duct cars

After numerous statements against Plato, the tariff for one kilometer on federal routes was changed and recorded at the level of 1,5293 rubles. The cost was valid until the end of February 2016. Previously, the tariff was 3.73 rubles per kilometer of the route. However, a reduction in its magnitude was operating a limited period of time: since March 2016, the fee increased almost twice and amounted to 3.06 rubles, now it will remain unchanged until the end of 2018.

Compared to similar in Europe in Russia, this is the lowest. For example, in Belarus, the fare on the federal destination routes is more than six times. Compared to the Austrian tariff, Russian is lower than twenty times.

How the increase in tariffs will affect the price increase in the country

Having received the "Platon" system, Russia stirred up: many began to fear the sharp jump in the cost of the products and other goods. Of course, carrier costs will increase, but slightly. According to analysts, the average cost of transportation of goods throughout the territory of Russia is approximately 30 rubles per kilometer. The addition to this magnitude of the maximum fee is 3.06 rubles - will increase the price for transportation by only 10%. At the same time, these spending from the final cost of production are about 4-10%, not more. Accordingly, even if we take into account the maximum cost bar, the prices of goods should increase maximum by 1%.

At the moment, about 8.5% of all multi-torrent cars are involved in Russia in the transport of various food products. The remaining 91.5% are engaged in the transport of bulk and construction goods. At the same time, most of the food is transported for smaller distances and on more large-sized vehicles.

In addition, the specific economy of Russia as a whole should be taken into account. Carriers in the country are unlikely to unanimously accept innovations and raise the tariffs for their own transportation. Most likely, you will have to face dumping and a surge of activity of the players of the Black Market, which will shy away from paying taxes. In addition, the long-term practice of other countries speaks for itself: in the Baltic countries, for example, after introducing additional payment for traveling along the tracks, carriers are trying to lower freight, in order not to miss buyers in the face of tough competition.

Penalties for evading the use of "Plato"

Simultaneously with the introduction of the Platon's system, the laws made to the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation have repeatedly been subjected to changes and numerous discussions. According to the latest edition of the Code, for non-compliance with the requirements for making a fee for the federal tracks of vehicle owners and their drivers will be subject to fines.

1. The movement of the car weighing over 12 tons on the federal destination roads without paying the damage caused by them entails the imposition on the driver of this car in the amount of five thousand rubles, on officials who are responsible for the movement of transport - forty thousand, on individual entrepreneurs - forty thousand rubles , on legal entities - four hundred and fifty thousand rubles.
2. The re-commission of an administrative offense becomes the reason for the fine in the amount of from 50 thousand to one million rubles for officials and legal entities, respectively.

Such for non-compliance with the requirements of the fines. "Plato" is cheaper to pay cheaper than to save it. According to the government decree, the fines may be discharged if:

• The vehicle moves with a faulty or disconnected onboard device without paying the route to the owner and alert operator.
• The car follows the track without an on-board device or on the current account there are no funds required for payment.
• The vehicle deviates in time or from the route without having an on-board device and not informing about this operators.
• The movement of the car continues after the consumption of cash on a personal accounting account.

To date, the system operates automatically. Drivers during movement on the highway will not be inspected. All data in automatic mode is read from the side device or from the card. It implies the statement of fines the "Platon" system (what it is, we found out) only after providing entries from video and photo techniques to traffic police.

System operation

In order to start using the Plato system, the vehicle driver must issue a special document - a route card. Alternatively, you can purchase a device placed on board a car. It is worth noting that the installation of the device is optional.

Each owner of the cargo car starts its own personal account, the addition of which is made in the Personal Account through a bank card. In addition, the funds can be paid to the current account through the terminals of both the system itself and its partners - QIWI or through offices in the country. For December 2015, there were 138 such points. You can pay for both bank cards and special fuel, from which money is removed without commission.

In order to avoid traffic jams on the transitions between the borders, special mobile offices have been created, also accepting fare fees.

How to spend money obtained in the system

Why do I need a "Plato" system, what is it, and where are all the money taken back during her work? The collection and distribution of funds are the prerogative of the road agency. It is it that it is responsible for the formation of budgets for development in the regions of the country's country. Including the assembled funds will be allocated to public-private partners. It is planned that the Plato system will bring about 40 billion rubles per year, and 90% of all federal highways in the country will be restored for this amount by 2019.

It is assumed that all the funds in the budgets of the regions will be aimed at implementing the most significant objects, since PDA will receive reporting documents by sending money to regional road funds for payments for travel and fines. "Plato", thanks to the introduction and attracting additional investment, it is planned to be sent to support and building the largest regional projects. For example, in the Samara region, the Frunzensky Bridge will be built, in the Leningrad Region and Tver - overpass, in the Voronezh region - tunnel.

In the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, they stated that the roads made to the Platon system taking into account their subsequent reconstruction through the proceeds will allow to optimize the transportation of goods throughout the country and normalize all areas of the national economy. Plants and enterprises are guaranteed by the operational delivery of the necessary products for the implementation of well-coordinated and fast functioning.

Protests against "Plato"

The introduction of the system laid the beginning of truckers by mass protests. The first disgruntled began to appear before the program was launched - in November 2015. Perturbations lasted for several months, until December. The protests were both against too high penalties and fees, and against the fact that the money results of Plato are not going to the state, but a private company.

Truckers blocked roads and federal routes, intentionally stopping the flow of cars. The requirements so that Plato has been canceled in the near future, in Perm turned into an action, during which drivers of heavy trucks lined up into the column and moved at a speed of 40 km / h, which caused a cork with a length of six kilometers. On the annular road of Yekaterinburg there was a similar situation: the drivers of 200 trucks collected a plug of 10 kilometers long. In the Tver region, the protests took a tragic nature: a tractor with a trailer flew into the crowd. As a result of the incident, one person died, the three were hospitalized.

Accordingly, such a yaraya criticism of the Plato system, the reviews about it not the most meant nature have adversely affected its implementation. Truckers believed that the program was too "raw" and unfinished that its launch should pass only a few years after the passage of special tests.

The largest protest action with the slogans "Platon" - canceled! "Passed in Dagestan: over 17 thousand people gathered on the roads, and local media reported that freight trucks stretched 57 kilometers. In November 2015, participants threatened with the fact that they would go march to Moscow, and many of them were from 16 other regions of the country. In early December, cars were partially blocked by the Moscow Ring Road, on which only one lane was left for the transport of cars. Then truckers camp were organized in the parking lot on Mega-Khimki shopping center in which There were over 40 people with wagons.

Protests gave the opportunity to reduced to the tariffs: the Ministry of Transport agreed to establish new prices - 1,53 rubles were charged for a kilometer of the path instead of 3.73, and temporarily release truck drivers from paying fines. In December last year, the president of the country stated that Plato would not be canceled, but called on the authorities to free the wagons from paying taxes.

Analogs of the system in other countries

Programs similar to the Russian "Platon" function in many other countries. For example, in Germany, the operator of such a system is Toll Collect: with trucks weighing over 7.5 tons charged, the value of which depends on the level of emissions to the environment and the vehicle axes and varies from 8 to 22 euro scenes per kilometer. Payment is made either when choosing a specific route, or with the help of onboard devices.

In Austria, the fee is charged by the state company ASFINAG. For one kilometer, truckers pay from 15 to 44 euro scenes. Last year, the company was invested about 500 million euros to build new roads and about 485 million for the reconstruction of old. Toll Collect and Asfinag In 2010, initiated the launch of the Toll2Go program, which is intended for those who make flights on the cargo transport from one country to another.

The "Plato" analogue in Slovakia is under the control of Skytoll: payments are charged with freight vehicles weighing over 3.5 tons, but only certain routes on the territory of the country are subject to this system. For one kilometer, the fee is from 9 to 24 eurocents and depends on the compliance with environmental standards and the mass of the car.

Was it a legitimate choice of the concessionaire program?

Truckers outraged not only too high prices and the presence of a transport tax, but also a concessionaire company, which was chosen to create a concession without a competitive basis.

Initially, the government in August 2013 announced a competition in August 2013, to participate in which companies required certain skills in the field of creating and operating such systems. The preliminary stage passed only three companies, each of which had foreign participation, since only foreign firms had the appropriate experience.

The head of "Rostechnologies", the operator of the Platon system Sergey Chezov after the introduction in 2014 the sanctions made a proposal to refuse foreign experience in the formation of the system, fully trusted to Russian software. The government agreed with the proposal and abolished the competitive basis. Many lawyers spoke negatively because they considered this decision in incorrect, since the case with "Platon" is not included in the list of exceptions of the law "On concession agreements", in which you can do without a competitive basis.

Other complaints

From a legal point of view, there is another problem, the essence of which is reduced to the fact that the legislation of the Russian Federation is meant only the scheme in which the concessionaire pays the government for the right to use the object of the agreement, which is the entire "Platon" system and other equipment.

Simply put, the operator must pay the state a certain amount for the right to challenge money from truck drivers. Despite this, the state itself pays the company a certain amount. Many social network users and truckers indignant the fact that Rtits not only collects funds from drivers, but also receives them from the state.

However, all the money received is sent to the budget of the country. In addition, the country's legislation provides for a mechanism in which there is an item and the condition of the conceding fee. On this principle, the entire "Platon" system works. The meaning of the entire mechanism is that the concessionaire takes all the infrastructure at its own expense, which is then transferred to the government's possession, which pays the concessionaire a certain amount for the creation of infrastructure.