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Executive agencies. Public Administration System Federal Executive Authorities Supreme Central

It should be distinguished by the concepts " system"And" structure»Organs executive power. Thus, the system of executive authorities is a combination of organs and the relationship between them; The structure of the executive authorities is their internal organization, internal organization structural units and posts.

System federal organs The executive authority is created in accordance with the constitutional delimitation of powers in this area between the Russian Federation and its subjects. The exclusive regulation of the Russian Federation includes the establishment of a system of federal executive bodies, the order of their organization and activities, the formation of federal executive bodies (paragraph "G" Art. 71 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation).

The system of federal executive bodies, on the one hand, is characterized by stability (in terms of organizational and legal forms and functions), on the other, it is characterized by dynamism (depending on those facing the state in this time The tasks are formed new organs, those who have already exhausted their purpose are abolished, organs are reorganized, etc.). So, after the entry of Crimea, in the composition of the Russian Federation in order to perform project development functions state programs For the development of Crimea federal DistrictCoordination of activities on the implementation of these programs and control over the implementation of the state authorities of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol of the Powers of the Russian Federation transmitted to them in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of the Russian Federation for the Crimea affairs was created.

The system of federal executive authorities is determined by decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 09.03.2004 No. 314 "On the system and the structure of the federal executive bodies" and decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 21.05.2012 No. 636 "On the structure of federal executive authorities". It is based on a clear distinction between the management functions of the executive authorities.

Currently, the system of federal executive authorities enter:

  1. federal ministries:
  2. federal services;
  3. federal agencies.

Federal Ministry - This is the federal executive body, performing functions to develop public policies and regulatory regulation in the establishments of the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation of activity. Headed by the Minister of Russia (federal minister), which is part of the Government of the Russian Federation. Functions Federal Ministry:

  • development of public policy in the established field of activity (education, agriculture, culture, etc.);
  • legal regulation in the established field of activity (functions for the adoption of regulatory legal acts) - the publication on the basis of and pursuant to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws of mandatory state authorities, organs local governments, their officials, legal entities and citizens of the rules of conduct extending to an indefinite circle of persons;
  • coordination and control of the activities of federal services and federal agencies;
  • coordination of the activities of state extrabudgetary funds.

Examples of federal ministries: Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation. Ministry of RF civil Defense, emergency situations and elimination of consequences natural Disasters; Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation; Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, etc.

federal Service - This is the federal executive body that performs functions to control and supervise in the established field of activity, as well as special functions in the field of defense, state security, protection and protection state border Russian Federation, Combating Crime, public security. Headed by the head (director) of the Federal Service. The Federal Service for Supervision in the established field of activity may have the status of a collegial body. Functions of the Federal Service:

  • according to control and supervision in the established field of activity (implementation of actions to control and supervise the execution by state authorities, local governments, their officials, legal entities and citizens established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws and other regulatory legal acts general obligatory rules of behavior; Issuance by state authorities, local governments, their officials of permits (licenses) for the implementation of a certain type of activity and (or) concrete actions legal entities and citizens; registration of acts, documents, rights, objects);
  • publication of individual legal acts within their powers;
  • special functions in the field of defense, state security, protection and protection of the state border of the Russian Federation, the fight against crime, public security (service external intelligence RF, Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, Federal Service for the Russian Federation, etc.). Examples of federal services: Federal Service for Supervision of Education and Science; Federal Service for Veterinary and phytosanitary supervision; Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Transport.

Federal Agency - This is the federal executive body, implementing the function of providing public services, on management state property and law enforcement functions, with the exception of functions for control and supervision. Headed by the head (director) of the Federal Agency. The federal agency may have the status of a collegial body. Functions of the Federal Agency:

  • on the provision of public services (provision by federal executive authorities directly or through the federal state institutions subordinate to them or other organizations free or by adjustable organs state power the prices of services to citizens and organizations in the field of education, health care, social protection population and in other areas established by federal laws);
  • on government property management (the implementation of the authority of the owner in relation to federal property, including transferred by the Federal State unitary enterprises, federal government enterprises and state institutionssubordinate to the federal agency, as well as management located in federal property shares of open joint stock companies);
  • law enforcement functions (publishing individual legal acts within its competence).

Examples of federal agencies: Federal Agency for Tourism; Federal Agency for Youth Affairs; Federal Agency of Communications; Federal Agency for Fisheries; Federal State Property Management Agency.

The federal executive bodies may be directly carried out by the President of the Russian Federation, the Russian government. And federal services and agencies are also under the jurisdiction of relevant federal ministries.

IN Russian Federation Federal state authorities are higher Organs authorities. The federal government consists of three branches: executive, legislative and judicial. The president also applies to these authorities.

What are the federal state bodies

In Russia, the president has a leading position in power structures. He is the top federal powerBeing at the same time the guarantor of the Constitution, the head of state and the main binder between the branches of power. At the same time, it does not belong to any of them.

Organs legislative power Consist from the Council of Federation and the State Duma. Together they form the Federal Assembly. It is the compiler of the laws that must be executed throughout the country.

The executive body is formed by the federal government executive bodies. The authority includes the publication of decisions, solutions and other acts of a sub-sentence. The main executive body in Russia is the Government of Russia. It is subject to industry executive units: federal services, ministries, agencies and their territorial offices. All these bodies are approved by the President of Russia.

The judiciary unites federal courts. This is the Supreme Court of Russia, the Constitutional Court of Russia and other federal bodies. Their responsibility includes ensuring justice.

The federal state bodies of the Russian Federation do not belong central bank.

President of Russia

President of Russia has a list of powers other than those in other countries. Presidential power in Russia stands out to a special category of power. In our country, the president has broader powerful powers. They are registered in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, and the passage of elections is regulated by the Federal Law of 19-F3 "On the Presidential Election".

The head of the Russian Federation relies on the powerful bodies approximate to him. One of them is the Security Council of the Russian Federation. It affects the inner and foreign policy of the state and deals national Security. Manages this structure also president. He is the Chairman of the Security Council. Sat holds meetings on which all decisions are accepted by voting, after which they are certified by the Protocol and are signed by the President.

Also, the Security Council also holds meetings. They pass once a week with the participation of the Chairman. Interdepartmental commissions are acting as the working bodies. The composition of these commissions is approved by the Secretary Security Council. Council members approve the president.

Another such structure is the State Council of the Russian Federation. This authority is designed to help the president in the implementation of its powers in the interaction of government agencies. The State Council holds meetings. They pass 1 time in 3 months. The decisions made are the nature of the recommendations. The State Council may be the initiator of the creation of working groups where scientists and other specialists can be involved.

The main functions of the President of the Russian Federation

Circle of higher functions officer countries:

  • Serve as a guarantor of the Constitution, to ensure freedoms and rights of citizens.
  • Provide coordination in the actions of government bodies.
  • Support the sovereignty of the Russian Federation.
  • Determine the priorities in the internal and foreign policy of the state.
  • Take part on behalf of the country in international meetings, forums, relationships.

The protection of the Constitution and its strict compliance is one of the main activities of the president.

Federal Assembly

The Federal Assembly is legislature And accepts laws federal Level. It consists of the State Duma and the Federation Council. The State Duma Includes 450 deputies from different fractions, which are elected during the All-Russian elections. The Federation Council includes 178 legislators. It includes representatives of all subjects of the Russian Federation.

The State Duma works separately from the Federation Council.

One of the main tasks of the Federal Assembly is the approval of the country's budget, which is prepared by the Government of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the Duma is engaged in the consideration of the budget, which then in the form of the federal law is sent for approval to the Federation Council.

A specific feature of the powers of the State Duma is the adoption of various federal laws. This process usually passes in the 3 stages called reading. The first discussion of the draft law and conceptual aspects happens on the first. On the second, a more detailed analysis of all articles of the draft law is made. At the third stage, a vote for or against the adoption of the law under discussion is carried out. Make any changes to the law at this stage can not be.

In order for the law to be adopted, more than 50% of deputies should vote for it. If the constitutional law is accepted, then this figure is higher - at least 2/3 of the number of participants.

After accepting the State Duma, the law must be approved by the Federation Council, and only in this case it acquires legal force. Insufficiently worked or inappropriate in the current situation, the law may be rejected. To approve the law, the Federation Council requires its support by the majority (more than half) members of the Chamber. If the Federation Council will not consider within two weeks this law, it is made automatically, with the exception of laws of special importance.

The State Duma may initiate the early resignation of the president, and if this initiative is approved by the Federation Council, the head of the country will be obliged to fold their powers. As a base for retirement, there may be intentioned permit, espionage, bribes, scinting excess official authority, war crimes, etc.

Government of the Russian Federation

The government belongs to the executive branch of the branch of the federal civil service and consists of the Chairman, Vice-Chairman and Ministers. The government responsibly for the development of the country's federal budget, the project of which is made for approval to the State Duma. It can make decisions on part of federal expenses, including those related to the social sphere.

The main directions of the work of the government

Circle of government responsibilities:

  • Implementation of reforms, optimization of financial policies, including aimed at reducing the budget deficit of the country.
  • Pursues policies in the field of science, culture, health, education, ecology and social security.
  • His knowledge is the various objects of federal property, including railways, enterprises, facilities and so on.
  • It works on military equipment and fulfillment of social obligations to the military.
  • Ensures compliance with human rights, public order, the implementation of federal laws.

Judicial authorities

In the Russian Federation, federal government bodies include the judicial system. Their main task is to ensure justice. The main branches of the federal judicial system Countries are: Supreme Court, Constitutional Court, Supreme Arbitration Court.

Conclusion

Thus, federal state bodies Russia are components of the executive, legislative and judicial authorities. Each of them is endowed with their individual powers and fulfills the function prescribed to him.

The above indicates that there is currently the process of rapprochement of functions and powers of the head of state with the functions and powers of the head of the executive authority.

The executive power of the Russian Federation implements the Government of the Russian Federation. It is the highest executive body of the state authority of the Russian Federation, heading unified system executive power.

The legal basis of the activities of the Government of the Russian Federation constitute the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws and regulatory decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, as well as the law "On the Government of the Russian Federation" of December 17, 1997 with changes and additions made in the same year.

The Government of the Russian Federation is a collegial body, consisting of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministers.

Chairman of the governmentThe Russian Federation is appointed and exempt from office by the President of the Russian Federation. The appointment for the position of chairman of the government is carried out with the consent of the State Duma. The exemption from the post is possible at the request of the Chairman of the resignation, as well as in case of the impossibility of execution by the Chairman of the Government of its powers.

The candidacy of the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation is made no later than a two-week period after joining the post of newly elected President of the Russian Federation or after the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or within a week from the day the candidacy rejection by the State Duma.

The State Duma is considering the candidacy of the Government of the Russian Federation submitted by the President of the Russian Federation within a week from the date of making a proposal for the candidacy.

After a three-time deflection of the candidates of the president of the Government of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation appoints the President of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation dissolves the State Duma and appoints new elections.

The chairman of the government no later than the week after the appointment submitted proposals to the President of the Russian Federation on the structure of federal executive authorities; Offers the president of the Russian Federation candidates of deputy chairmen of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministers; In accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the federal laws and decisions of the President of the Russian Federation defines the main activities of the government and organizes its work (Article 112.113 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation).

Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation coordinate the work of federal executive bodies, give them instructions and control their activities; Preview offers, draft decrees and orders made to the Government of the Russian Federation.


Federal Ministers As members of the government participate in consideration and discuss all the issues at its meetings, while in this case, the right of decisive voices.

The powers of the Russian government Enchanting the Constitution of the Russian Federation (Article 114), federal laws and decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.

1. Government of the Russian Federation:

but)develops and presents the State Duma federal budget and ensures its execution; Represents the State Duma report on the execution of the federal budget;

b) ensures a single financial, credit and monetary policy in the Russian Federation;

in) Provides in the Russian Federation a unified state policy in the field of culture, science, education, health, social security, ecology;

d) carries out the management of federal property;

e) performs measures to ensure the defense of the country, state security, the implementation of foreign policy of the Russian Federation;

e) measures measures to ensure the legality, rights and freedoms of citizens, the protection of property and public order, the fight against crime;

g) Carries out other powers assigned to him by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.

The procedure for the activities of the Government of the Russian Federation is determined by federal constitutional laws..

The government in its activities is guided by a number of principles, to which in particular include:

Supreme to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws and federal laws;

Principle of democracy;

Principle of separation of the authorities;

Principle of responsibility;

Principle of publicity;

The principle of ensuring human rights and freedoms and citizen.

The Government of the Russian Federation issues decisions and orders, ensures their execution.

Cases and procedure for the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation are provided by Art. 117 Constitution of the Russian Federation and Art. 35 federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation."

The Government of the Russian Federation is making his powers to the newly elected President of the Russian Federation.

The Government of the Russian Federation may resign, which is accepted or rejected by the President of the Russian Federation.

The Russian President may decide on the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation.

The State Duma may express distrust to the Government of the Russian Federation. The decision on distrust to the Government of the Russian Federation is adopted by a majority vote from the total number of deputies of the State Duma. After the expression of the State Duma, the Government of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation has the right to declare the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or disagree with the decision of the State Duma. If the State Duma will re-express the abnormality of the Government of the Russian Federation for three months, the President of the Russian Federation announces the resignation of the government or dissolves the State Duma.

The Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation can put the issue of confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation before the State Duma. If the State Duma refuses to confidence, the president for seven days decides on the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or the dissolution of the State Duma and the appointment of new elections.

In the event of a resignation or addition, the government of the Russian Federation on behalf of the President of the Russian Federation continues to operate before the formation of the new government of the Russian Federation.

Exemption from the position of the Government Chair at the same time leading to the resignation of the government.

In relation to the executive authorities subjects of the Russian Federation The Government of the Russian Federation in order to ensure the combination of interests of the Russian Federation and the subjects of the Russian Federation on subjects of joint management of the Russian Federation and the subjects of the Russian Federation coordinates and controls the activities of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; Deals with the President of the Russian Federation on the suspension of acts of acts of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the event of their contradiction of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, international obligations RF or violation of human rights and freedoms and citizen.

The Government of the Russian Federation within its powers permits disputes and eliminates differences between the federal executive bodies and the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. To resolve disputes and eliminate disagreements, conciliations are created from representatives of stakeholders.

The main organizational form of activity of the Government of the Russian Federation is its meetingswhich are held at least once a month. Deputy Chairman of the Government and federal ministers participate in meetings personally. If it is impossible to personal participation informs the chairman of the government.

In government meetings have the right to participate managers General Prosecutor's Office, Central Bank, President of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation, representatives of chambers Federal Assembly, Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, Higher Arbitration Court, Accounts Chamber and other persons in accordance with the legislation or in the manner prescribed by the government.

Separate questions The government may consider in their closed meetings.

Preparation and meetings are carried out in accordance with the RF Government Regulations, where the issues of forming a government meeting plan, the procedure for making documents for their consideration at the Government meetings, the procedure for issuing decisions taken at meetings of decisions is considered.

The government informs citizens through the media about the issues discussed at meetings, as well as the decisions taken on these issues.

At the suggestion of the Chairman of the Government, for solving operational issues is formed Presidium of the Government of the Russian Federation.His meetings are held as necessary. Decisions of the Presidium are accepted by a majority vote from the total number of its members and should not contradict the acts adopted at the Government meeting. The government has the right to cancel any decision of the Presidium.

To ensure the activities of the government and the organization of control over the executive bodies of the Government adopted by the Government, the Government apparatus is formed. He is headed by the head of the apparatus - Deputy Chairman of the Government or the Federal Minister.

Apparatus of Government consists of a number of structural divisions - departments (for example, economics, finance, social Development, civil service and personnel, etc.), offices (for example, office work, legal, organizational and social security, protocol), secretariatChairman of the government and secretariats Deputy Chairman of the Government.

Government of the Russian Federation and the legislative process.

The Russian government participates in legislative activity By making bills and amendments to the draft laws under consideration in the Duma.

In addition to the laws and amendments to the draft laws in question, the government gives written conclusions to draft laws on the introduction or cancellation of taxes, on exemption from their payment, on the release of state loans, etc.

Conclusions, amendments and official reviews are signed by the Chairman of the Government or one of his deputies.

For the presentation of the Federal Assembly made by the Government of the draft law, an official government representative is appointed.

Members of the government are obliged to attend the meetings of the Federal Assembly at the invitation and respond to the questions of the members of the Federation Council and the State Duma deputies.

Committees and Commissions Chambers of the Federal Assembly have the right to send written appeals on their management by members of the government and the heads of federal executive bodies.

Answers about the results of consideration written appeals And the measures taken are communicated with the committees agreed with committees, deadlines.

In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated August 14, 1996 "On the system of federal executive authorities" system of federal executive authorities of the Russian Federationnow the ministries (federal ministries), state committees, federal commissions, federal services, Russian agencies, federal supervisors and other bodies.

1. Federal Ministries (Ministry of the Russian Federation) - are the main link of the system of federal executive bodies conducted by state policy and managers in the established field of activity, as well as coordinating activities in this area of \u200b\u200bother federal executive bodies.

Federal ministries manage directly in their jurisdiction state enterprises and institutions.

The federal ministry is headed by the Minister of the Russian Federation (federal minister). The federal ministers are appointed and exempt from office by the President of the Russian Federation. Deputy federal ministers are appointed and exempt from office by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. State Comitas of the Russian Federation -these are federal executive bodies on a collegial basis internally sectoral coordination on issues related to their maintenance, as well as functional regulation in a certain field of activity. Their difference from the federal ministries - the collegiality of the bodies and focusing their fixed attention on the implementation of intersectoral coordination. However, by and large, the differences between them are not so significant. The State Committee of the Russian Federation is headed by the chairman appointed and exempted from office (as well as his deputies) by the Government of the Russian Federation.

3. Federal Commission of Russia.These are federal executive bodies that, according to their administrative and legal status, are fully equal to the State Committee of the Russian Federation.

Currently, there are two federal commissions: the Federal Energy Commission of the Russian Federation and the Federal Commission for the Securities Market.

The Federal Energy Commission, for example, is intended to regulate the activities of the subjects of natural monopolies in the fuel and energy complex, as well as to carry out state regulation of prices and tariffs for electrical and thermal energy etc.

The Federal Commission of Russia is headed by the Chairman of the Federal Commission of Russia.

4. Federal Services .

These include the following federal services:

State Feldgererskaya;

External intelligence;

Archival;

Geodesy and cartography;

Railway troops;

Land cadastre;

On hydrometeorology and environmental monitoring;

Security;

On financial recovery and bankruptcy;

Border

Special construction.

The federal service of Russia is headed by the head (director) of the Federal Service of Russia.

5. Russian agencies. Characterized as bodies like federal services, i.e. Do not have the necessary functional certainty.

The system of Russian agencies is as follows:

Russian Patent and Trademark Agency;

Russian Space Agency;

Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation;

In ammunition;

By patents and trademarks;

By conventional weapons, etc.

Many of them actually act as sectoral ministries, carrying out the management of subordinate state enterprises.

6. Federal supervisors of Russia.

Currently there are two federal executive bodies of this type:

Federal Mining and Industrial Supervision of Russia (Gosgortkhnadzor);

- Federal supervision of Russia on nuclear and radiation security (Gosatomnadzor). Functions and powers federal supervisors associated with the implementation of specialized control and supervisory, i.e. law enforcement, activities.

7. Other federal executive bodies.

Head of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation;

State Technical Commission under the President of the Russian Federation;

Managing the affairs of the Russian Federation.

The decree establishes the list of bodies, the management of the activities of which is carried out by the President of the Russian Federation:

1. Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation;

2. Ministry of the Russian Federation for civil defense, emergency situations and elimination of natural disasters;

3. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation;

4. Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation;

5. Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation;

6. Federal External Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation;

7. Federal Service of the Railway Forces of the Russian Federation;

8. Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation;

9. Federal Security Service;

10. Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation;

11. Federal Special Construction Service of the Russian Federation;

12. The Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information under the President of the Russian Federation and the authorities from the group "Other federal executive authorities".

The Russian President approves on the submission of the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation on these bodies, appoints and relieves their managers.

Every state without exception organizes the management of the Company's vital activity through power. This is a key element of coordination of any relationship of society. However, power in the form in which we all used to see it appeared recently. To speak more precisely, today is based on the right. This was not always. In ancient times, power in tribes, communities and small countries in almost all cases was built exclusively on violence. However, such a form of coordination of society is valid only in the hands of a strong and independent leader. With his death, any violent structure simply collapses.

Later, people began to use religion. This form of government in the country has gained more distribution. But in the Epoch of Enlightenment, when science and fundamental knowledge came to the fore religious beliefs Began to forget. Thus, people began to use a more suitable form of public administration organization, namely right. It should be noted that thanks to this category, power in any country is legitimate and divided into three main parts. In the article, we will consider only one of them, as well as submit the main federal executive authorities. Let's tell about their powers and functions.

The concept of power

It should be noted that almost all federal bodies exist to coordinate society and relations in it. In other words, with their help the top of the country implements its political program. Thus, quite closely correlated with state power. However, few people know what the last category represents. There are many ways to legal characteristics. The most "classic" look at the issues of state power gives the statement that this category determines the possibility of a group of persons or one person to fully control the activities of the Company. Consequently, state power is not only a single concept, but a whole system of interests, rights and obligations, organs, in the person of which category is actually being implemented.

Signs of state power

To understand the functions and key tasks of the executive body, one should familiarize themselves with the signs of state power. In theory of law, a large number of diverse qualities of government is usually put forward. However, the most common are the following:

  1. State power is carried out in the presence of a subject, the object and the content of legal relations between them.
  2. The legislation is spelled in detail the key powers of state bodies.
  3. In practice, the task of state power is implemented as clearly as possible and fully.
  4. In the Russian Federation, as in other countries, the principle of separation of the authorities is valid.
  5. In the state power legitimate. Only in this case, it will realize its functions with the most qualitatively.

Features of the principle of division of management in the country

It should be noted that the federal executive bodies in the Russian Federation exist only due to the once created principle

How is neither paradoxical but this legal category It was developed in the Epoch of Enlightenment by philosophers and thinkers: Charlock Louis de Montquiece and John Locke. According to this principle, power in any country is divided into a legislative, judicial and executive branch. Such an approach allows the most fully and competently divide the spheres of state administration between the key authorities of the Power. In this case, the executive has its own structure and features, what will be said further.

Executive branch

As we understand, the federal executive bodies consist in the structure of the eponymous branch of public administration. She, in turn, is a system individual authoritywhich allow you to manage the country's affairs. In addition, the executive power is also often characterized as a system of organs that are implementing the implementation of the legislation as a whole and its individual standards. These departments exist in the form of a holistic structure based on the principle of submission, hierarchy. To figure out how federal executive authorities operate, it is necessary to understand them legal essence. It is not difficult to understand it.

The concept of the structures of the executive branch

The federal executive authorities of the Russian Federation are the structures of public administration, which directly carry out the management of Russia. These bodies are entrusted with specific functions for the implementation of the norms of existing legislation. In fact, these structures are followed by execution. legal norms and the legality of their implementation. In addition, there are organs endowed with specific features. One of the likes is to ensure the rule of law. It should be noted that the federal executive authorities of Russia have their own special features, structure, state, as well as exceptional powers. At the same time, their activities are interconnected with other branches of government. Thus, the federal executive bodies are departments, structures or organizations that are responsible for the execution of current legislation. We think it's understandable.

Signs of deposits

The federal state executive bodies are endowed by a number of characterizing signs that cannot be found in other official structures. Thus, the deployment presented in the article have the following specific traits:


Functions of federal executive authorities

As mentioned earlier, the executive power implements a number of specific tasks and functions in its work. These categories show the quality and effectiveness of the departments mentioned in the article. It should also be noted that the executive power is a fully independent branch of public administration to society. The specifics of its functions are due to the fact that the whole structure is essentially a method of directly implementing public interests. This statement is largely confirmed if they analyze the acts of federal executive bodies in detail, in which special order Implementation of certain specific actions. In accordance with this judgment, you can select a number of key functions:

  • Human rights. It indicates that the executive bodies implement in practice the principle of compliance with the fundamental rights and freedoms of a person.
  • Executive. Allows you to execute Constitutional norms RF.
  • Promotional. Affects many sectors public Life. Thanks to her, the administrative and political, socio-cultural and economic sector of the Russian Federation is normally functioning. It is the security function that is responsible for the overall welfare of the population of the Power.
  • The proprietary function determines the existing rule of law.

In addition, in accordance with the procedure established by law, executive agencies may publish special regulations, indicating the presence of a rule-making function. The powers of the federal executive body of one or another orientation are determined by the protective function of the entire branch. In accordance with its provisions, these departments are authorized to apply various types of legal impact measures, in case of violation of the legal regime, legal or individuals. Thus, the presented functions largely explain the specificity of the activities of the executive branch of the authorities in general. It should also be noted that the structure of government bodies is of great interest. It has characteristic features, largely due to the Federal Device of the Russian Federation.

Central executive body

The federal executive body, carrying out the overall regulation of the entire structure of this type of public administration, is the Government of the Russian Federation. According to the provisions of the Constitution, this is the highest or the main administrative, executive body of Russia. In the process of its functioning, the structure implements public policies of the state in one or another sphere of human vital activity. In its work, it is controlled exclusively by the State Duma or Parliament. This approach has a democratic principle of management of management in the state. Because the government is an authorized federal executive body. It can directly implement regulatory acts and individual norms of existing legislation. Regulatory regulation The activity of this structure is presented in the 6th chapter of the Constitution of Russia.

Powers of the Government of Russia

It was previously indicated that the government of our state is an authorized federal executive body. It is able to implement the legislation of the state. In addition, the structure has a number of other enough interesting tasks. They, in turn, manifest themselves in the authorities that the government is endowed. In accordance with the thesis, we can say that the government has the following fundamental opportunities:

  1. Directly develop, as well as provide the state budget of the Russian Federation.
  2. Provide competent and unified credit, monetary, economic, cultural, environmental, health and social policy.
  3. Implement
  4. Develop measures that provide state security The Russian Federation, the legality, realization of human rights and freedoms.

In accordance with current legislationThe government has the right to create a sub-banner base. She, in turn, allows you to more accurately implement legal regimewhich exists in the Russian Federation today.

Structure of executive authorities

The federal authorities, 2014 for which became a turning point, from the point of view of systemic reorganization, are part of one fairly large structure. The classification in this case is carried out depending on the person directly by the leading departments. It should be noted that in addition to the government there is also such an authority as the ministry. Type is structured. Its system usually includes services, agencies, etc. As for the ministries, they are usually belonging to the government.

So, today in the Russian Federation, the executive power is presented as follows:

  1. Ministries and services. They are headed by the President of the Russian Federation. The ministries of domestic, foreign affairs, defense, justice, federal security services, protection, etc. can be attributed to the number of similarities.
  2. The second group includes departments directly subordinate to the Government of Russia. As a rule, ministries are in the composition central Organ executive power. And smaller formations (agencies and services) are part of a ministry. Today there are a large number of similar elements of the government. These include the ministries of health, culture, natural resources and ecology, industry, transport, finance, etc.
  3. It is quite interesting in their essence formations are services and agencies whose activities coordinate the president. They do not compose any ministries and are completely independent departments. Today, there are only five such days left: antitrust of state statistics, consumer surveillance service, environmental, technical and transport surveillance service, as well as agency in matters of nationalities.
  4. In the Russian Federation, given it federated deviceThere are territorial federal executive authorities. But in their activities obey national, although in some local matters are endowed with independence.

Thus, the federal executive bodies are a rather interesting structure that is valid on the basis of decentralization of subordination. That is, power over the entire executive branch is divided between the President and the Government of Russia. Its functions presented in the article are implemented through their own regulatory acts. For example, orders of federal executive bodies often regulate legislative gaps, which, of course, is extremely positive factor.

So, in the article, we tried to deal with which federal executive bodies exist in Russia. In conclusion, it should be noted the fact that theoretical aspects The executive authorities need to be improved. After all, it is from them in the future will depend on the quality and effectiveness of its direct activities.


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Watch what is "federal authorities" in other dictionaries:

    federal authorities - - [A.S.Goldberg. English Russian energy dictionary. 2006] Themes of Energy as a whole en Federal AUTHORITIES ... Technical translator directory

    In the Russian Federation, federal ministries, state committees, public services, etc. See also: federal executive authorities State bodies Russian Federation Financial Dictionary Finam ... Financial vocabulary

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    Federal executive bodies - (English Federal Executive Bodies) In the Russian Federation, the authorities, executive authorities engaged in the executive power in the name of the Federation in accordance with their competence. In the system F.O.I.V. Enter ... Encyclopedia Rights

    Federal state authorities - (English Federal Government Bodies) under the legislation of the Russian Federation on guarantees elective law And the right to participate in the referendum President of the Russian Federation ... Encyclopedia Rights

    Federal state authorities - President of the Russian Federation, State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, other F.O.G.V., provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and elected directly by citizens of the Russian Federation in accordance with ... ... Legal encyclopedia

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    Federal state authorities - 48) Public authorities federal (federal state authorities) President of the Russian Federation, State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, other federal state bodies, ... ... Official terminology

Books

  • State service per 100%. How everything is arranged, Arkhangelsky Gleb Alekseevich, Shatkova Olga Sergeevna. About the book first in Russia is a popular book about public service. The civil servant in Russia is one of the most sought-after professions. Competition to the Russian Academy of National Economy and ...