Mayakovsky intro at the top of his voice. "Out loud" (Mayakovsky): analysis of the work
Strictly speaking, Mayakovsky's poem "Out loud" is not such: the poet wrote only the introduction, but critics and literary critics consider it a full-fledged work. A brief analysis of “Out loud” according to the plan will help 11 grade students understand why literary critics think so, as well as deeper appreciate the artistic perfection of the work. In a literature lesson, this analysis can be used both as the main and as additional material.
Brief analysis
History of creation- the introduction to the poem was written by Vladimir Vladimirovich in the winter of 1929-1930. Thus, the poet embodied his desire to address the modern reader and descendants without intermediaries.
Poem theme- the author's creative credo and the results of twenty years of poetic work.
Composition- single-part, throughout the entire poem the poet develops one and the same thought.
genre- lyric and journalistic poem.
Poetic size- tonic verse.
Epithets – "Old but formidable weapon", "poems are lead-heavy", "gaping titles".
Metaphors – “A swarm of questions”, “tuberculosis spits out”, “the throat of its own song”, “line front”.
Comparisons – "Poetry is a capricious woman", "we each opened Marx how we open the shutters in our own house".
History of creation
The work was written shortly before the suicide of its author. This was the period when Mayakovsky was preparing for a special exhibition dedicated to the twentieth anniversary of his work. But this seemingly joyful time, in fact, turned out to be gloomy for him - there was a lot of criticism, many colleagues and critics made harsh statements about him.
Apparently, this gave rise to a desire in Vladimir Vladimirovich to talk directly with his reader. He conceived a grandiose work - the poem "At the top of his voice", but wrote only its introduction. He could not or did not want to continue working on the work: the verse with the subtitle “The first introduction to the poem” was completed in January 1930, and already in April a tragic suicide occurred.
The work is called a poem only by tradition, but this is quite significant.
Theme
At the end of his life (although it is not known whether the poet was planning his own suicide even then), Mayakovsky once again turned to the important topic of creativity - more precisely, its purpose and place in the creative process. He chooses a difficult path - to tell only the truth about himself and the time in which he lives. And he says - harshly and without excessive politeness.
Composition
In his work, Vladimir Vladimirovich acts both as an author and as a lyrical hero. He promotes the rejection of art as an aesthetic approach, talks about the social component of poetry and even calls himself a "sewer-water truck", that is, on the one hand, he gives people what they need, on the other hand, he often deals with the most unsightly side of reality ...
The main idea of the poem is to accurately express the creative credo of Mayakovsky: poetry is work, it should motivate people, there is no place for beauty, it is part of life, everyday life.
The poet says that there is poetry, which is closed in its bourgeoisie like flowers in a master's garden. It is created simply for the sake of beautiful words and has neither social burden, nor the right to tell people how to live and what to do. But his poetry is not like that, it is a weapon. And the poet is her servant-commander, leading the words to the solemn military parade.
At the same time, he is not looking for awards and recognition, his army may even completely perish. The main thing is victory, namely, a harmonious, healthy and just society.
genre
Although “Out of the Voice” refers to such a genre as a poem somewhat conditionally, the work still turned out to be quite epic. In this case, the main thing is the scale of thought, which, although embodied in a poem that is small in comparison with the poem, does not lose its power and grandeur from this.
Using the tonic system of versification, Mayakovsky, as usual, focuses on rhythm and verbal stress. He singles out those words that, in his opinion, best express the thought and allow expressing the rebellious moods and vivid emotions overwhelming the poet.
Expression tools
In addition to the neologisms characteristic of his poetic word, Vladimir Vladimirovich also uses familiar artistic paths, making them bright and harsh. So, the work uses:
- Epithets- “an old, but formidable weapon”, “poems are lead-heavy”, “gaping titles”.
- Metaphors- “a swarm of questions,” “tuberculosis spit out,” “the throat of one's own song,” “line front”.
- Comparisons- “poetry is a capricious woman”, “we each opened Marx how we open shutters in our own house”.
Thanks to them, the poem seems to be carved into eternal granite, preserving the memory of Mayakovsky the poet.
First introduction to the poem
Dear
Comrades descendants!
Swarming
in today's
petrified shit
studying the darkness of our days,
you,
Maybe,
ask about me too.
And perhaps he will say
your scientist,
cut by erudition
questions swarm,
that he lived like this
boiled singer
and an ardent enemy of damp water.
Professor,
Take off your bike glasses!
I'll tell you myself
about the time
and about myself.
I am a flusher
and a water carrier,
revolution
Mobilized and called
went to the front
Of the lordly gardening
poetry -
The women are capricious.
Planted a garden nicely
daughter,
and smooth -
I planted the kindergarten myself,
I will water it myself.
Who pours in verses from a watering can,
who sprinkles,
Putting it in your mouth -
curly Mitreyki,
wise curls -
who can take them to hell!
No break in quarantine -
mandolin from under the walls:
"Tara-tina, tara-tina,
t-en-n ... "
An unimportant honor
so from those roses
my statues towered
on squares,
where tuberculosis spits,
where b ... with a bully
yes syphilis.
And me
agitprop
imposed in the teeth,
and I would
scribble
romances on you, -
it is more profitable
and prettier.
But I
myself
humbled
becoming
on the throat
To my own song.
Listen,
comrades descendants,
agitator,
Gorlan the leader.
Muffling
poetry flows,
i will step
through lyrical volumes,
how alive
Speaking to the living.
I will come to you
far away into the communist O
not this way,
like a song-and-spring provitaz.
My verse will reach
Through the ridges of centuries
and over the heads
poets and governments.
My verse will come
But it will not come like this, -
not like an arrow
in amorous-lyre hunting,
not how it comes
to the numismatist a worn-out nickle
and not as the light of dead stars reaches.
My verse
The bulk of years will break through
and will appear
Weighty,
rough,
Visibly,
like today
the water supply entered,
worked
Still slaves of Rome.
In the mounds of books
buried the verse,
glands of lines accidentally discovering,
you
Sincerely
feel them,
like old
But a formidable weapon.
I AM
ear
Not used to caress;
girl's ear
curled hair
from semi-abode
I am not touched.
Parade unfolding
my troops pages,
I am walking through
On the line front.
Poems stand
lead-heavy
ready for death
and to immortal glory.
Poems froze
pressing the vent against the vent
targeting
Yawning titles.
Weapons
beloved
genus,
ready
rush into the boom,
froze
cavalry jokes,
picking up rhymes
sharpened peaks.
And that's all
armed troops over their teeth,
that twenty years in victories
Flew by
until the very
Last leaf
I give it to you
proletarian planet.
Working
Enemy class masses -
he is an enemy and mine,
notorious and long-standing.
They told us
go
under the red flag
years of work
And days of malnutrition.
We opened
every volume
like in the house
Own
we open the shutters
but also without reading
We figured out
which one to go,
in which camp to fight.
We
dialectics
taught not according to Hegel.
The clatter of battles
she burst into verse,
when
Under the bullets
the bourgeoisie ran away from us,
like us
Once upon a time
We ran from them.
Let it go
for geniuses
Inconsolable widow
glory is woven
in a funeral march -
die my verse
die like a private
like nameless
Our assaults died!
I do not care
on bronzes many puddles,
I do not care
On marble slime.
Let's count as glory -
After all, we are our own people, -
let us
A common monument will be
built
in battles
socialism.
Descendants,
dictionaries check floats:
from Leta
float out
remnants of such words
as "prostitution"
"tuberculosis",
"blockade".
For you,
which
healthy and agile,
poet
licked
consumptive spitting
the rough language of the poster.
With a tail of years
I become a likeness
monsters
fossil-tailed.
Comrade life,
stomp faster,
stomp
Five-year plan
days remainder.
to me
Have not accumulated lines
cabinetmakers
We didn’t send furniture to the house.
And besides
a freshly washed shirt,
I'll tell you honestly
I need nothing.
Having appeared
in Tse Ka Ka
going
bright years,
over the gang
Poetic
grabber and burned out
I will raise
as a Bolshevik party card,
all one hundred volumes
party books.
Vladimir Mayakovsky, 1929-1930
Almost all major writers discussed the role of the poet and the purpose of poetry in life. Russian literature has always been closely associated with the social movement and discussed the most pressing problems of a particular era. The theme of the poet and poetry occupies an important place in the work of V. Mayakovsky. The author urged to approach the phenomena of art from the standpoint of social significance. He believed that every artist should bring the people first of all the truth.
In the introduction to the poem "Out loud", which was never finished, V. Mayakovsky declares that he wants to tell about the time and about himself. The lyric hero and the author literally merge into a single poetic "I" - the central image in the introduction. V. Mayakovsky was often reproached for egocentrism, for the fact that his lyric hero perceives himself as a central point around which the world, the cosmos, and the entire universe revolve. The poet, on the other hand, perceived himself as "mobilized and called upon by the revolution."
The work contains a latent polemic with S. Yesenin, who glorified the unique landscapes with all the power of his poetic talent, and also created a large layer of love lyrics, which V. Mayakovsky ironically calls "amorous and playful hunting."
Who pours in verses from a watering can,
who sprinkles,
typing in my mouth -
curly Mitreyki,
wise curls -
who the hell can take them apart!
The very rhythm of the verse in this passage is accelerated to show how thematically small and rhythmically monotonous such poetry. In the twenties, there really were poets K.N. Mitreykin and A.A. Kudreiko, belonging to the literary group of constructivists. Now they are unknown to the reader. This fact once again underlines the validity of V. Mayakovsky's criticism. But it is possible that oblivion was precisely facilitated by such destructive and deafening criticism.
It is important that the poet in the work of V. Mayakovsky is not looking for personal benefit from his difficult craft.
For V. Mayakovsky, in the first place is the idea of civic and public duty. He exclaims:
I will come to you
into the communist far
not this way
as a song-and-spring province.
My verse will reach
across the ridges of centuries
and over the heads
poets and governments.
It would be superficial to see megalomania in these lines. The poet's goal is not to assert himself, but to convey his beliefs. That is why he strives to write louder, more posteriorly, more relief. It is this large-scale, sweeping, enlarged, according to the author, that there should be a verse that will be known and remembered by descendants through the centuries.
V. Mayakovsky angrily denounces one-day poetry, rewarding it with a number of eloquent comparisons ("like a worn-out nickel", "like the light of dead stars"). For a poet, a poem is the most important work. Its novelty is as significant and progressive as, for example, a water supply system:
My verse
labor
will break through the bulk of the years
and will appear
weighty,
rough,
visibly
like today
the water supply entered,
worked
still slaves of Rome.
The adverbs "weighty", "rough", "visible" here seem to reinforce each other, characterizing the style of this talented work. It is known that critics often reproached Vladimir Mayakovsky himself with excessive rudeness and egocentrism. Indeed, in this work, the pronoun "I" placed at the beginning of the line sounds majestic and solemn. However, this poetic "I" is somewhat broader than the author's. Under it it is more correct to understand not a specific person, but a creative artist in general. As for the harsh vocabulary, these reproaches seem to be more fair. And although abusive "words, undoubtedly, bring bright, memorable colors to the work, they at the same time reduce the aesthetic quality of the poetic text. In this regard, this method is difficult to justify in an artistic sense. In modern poetry, it has become fashionable to include frank abuse in the text, but this quality just does not contribute to an increase in the vitality of the work, but only narrows the circle of admirers of one or another author.
A technique designed to shock the reader is called shocking. V. Mayakovsky loved and often used it. Perhaps, having worked on the poem a little more, the author would have abandoned the frankly abusive vocabulary, but in the existing version it occupies, albeit a small, but key location in the work of, the place of his ideas and his poetic voice: in other words, to shout enough to be, finally heard and recognized.
V. Mayakovsky's poems were created to defend one thing and overthrow the other. His philosophical outlook included a number of utopian features. The poet believed in the idea of creating an ideal future and assessed the past and the present from the standpoint of this future. At the same time, V. Mayakovsky agreed with the idea that the greatness of the end justifies the means.
V. Mayakovsky compares poetry with an irreconcilable struggle, with a formidable weapon. He is assisted in this by a number of expressive metaphors associated with military realities ("pages of the army", "line front", "cavalry of witticisms", "rhymes of lances"). The poet believes that the works of the day in his historical era will survive the centuries and will be relevant for grateful descendants, telling them about the rebellious era of the early 20th century. After all, it is for those who will live in the new, just society of the future that the fighters for the victory of socialism endure all the hardships and hardships.
An interesting paradox is that this poem was never written by Mayakovsky. Just before his death, he wrote only an introduction to it, which he dedicated to the first Soviet five-year plan in late 1929 - early 1930.
Coming to the topic "Analysis:" At the top of his voice "Mayakovsky", it should be noted that the poet timed this verse to the jubilee exhibition - the 25th anniversary of his creative path. He himself, speaking to the assembled audience, said that this work fully and completely reflects everything that he had worked on all these many years, and presented it as a report on the creative work done. So, without suspecting it, he continued with this the classic theme of the "monument" begun by Derzhavin and Pushkin.
"Out of the Voice", Mayakovsky: Analysis
In this introduction, the famous poet contrasts himself with pure art, which does not recognize any politics. It is in this role that the general impression is formed about his attitude to creativity in general and to its individual representatives in particular.
In a way, it became a kind of message to future descendants. The poet seems to assess himself with a glance from the future, looking into the present, where he immediately strikes with the lines: "I, a sewer truck and a water carrier, mobilized by the revolution ...".
With these words, he creates a certain image of poetry without meaning and purpose, which he sarcastically and sharply ridicules, calling him "a capricious woman."
Poems as a tool
His poems are not just lines on paper, he uses them as a serious weapon in the struggle for the communist cause.
The poet-agitator hints that he is not afraid of the government, or "lyric volumes", or "the ridges of the centuries". Mayakovsky openly declares this at the top of his voice. The analysis of the work boils down to the fact that his weapon does not injure or kill a person, but it can very strongly strike the soul and heart of a person. He writes prophetic lines in which he hints that his poems are lead and ready to die.
Inspiration
Mayakovsky wrote all his most desirable in the poem "At the top of his voice". Its analysis suggests that everything the poet did was not created at all for aesthetic pleasure, because it builds, inspires and fights against meaninglessness, moves forward and leads the masses. He thought that his vocation was to realize socialist dreams and go with the broad masses to a bright future.
The writer urges: "Die my verse as a private." He believes that for public welfare, the poet must work by the sweat of his brow, forgetting about himself and not thinking about reward, sacrificing his creativity.
He writes in his poem that, except for a freshly washed shirt, he does not need anything, and that the poet and society are inseparable.
Destiny and Motherland
Continuing the theme “Mayakovsky's“ Out of the Voice ”: Analysis of the Poem”, it should be noted that the real creator calls the descendants clever and healthy, and, in his opinion, they should remember how hard they paid for everything, he compared it with licking the “consumption spitting ".
It is a little surprising, but Vladimr Vladimirovich describes the future, that the “communist far away” has already come, in which he has put maximum efforts, because every working day that has come he has invested in the future.
The poet considers it his civic duty - to build a worthy future, and this desire literally weakened his soul.
Cry from the heart
This is what Mayakovsky is shouting about in his poem "At the top of his voice". An analysis of the introduction says that the poet inspires the people to build a bright future, and that everyone should remember those who were involved in the battle for socialism and communism, and not forget their desperate work. Their soul lives in every line of it and will surely pass through the centuries.
The great ideologist addresses them as those who truly believe in communism, and expresses himself as a descendant of these people who can no longer imagine what could be believed so sincerely and deeply, and will there be as much strength as there was in the forefathers of the October Revolution.
Conclusion
From the introduction to the poem "At the top of his voice" it became clear that it was in some form a will, written almost three months before his tragic death. This question is even more interesting, since it remains unclear whether the poet was killed or it was suicide. Many historians and forensic experts, examining all the facts, documents and evidence, came to the conclusion that he was killed after all. And they killed him because he began to delve into the affairs of Stalin's government, which deviated from the Leninist course that millions of people so dreamed of. This is a dark matter, the same as with Yesenin.
However, the most interesting thing is that his faith nevertheless began to waver at the end of his life, and he had his own reasons for this. Even such a notorious communist will eventually burst out of the soul on the evening of April 13, 1930, "Oh, Lord!" At this moment, next to him will be his beloved woman, Polonskaya, who will be very surprised at this exclamation and will ask him again about whether he is a believer. And Vladimir will answer her that he himself does not understand what he believes in ...
Mayakovsky's poem "With all his voice" was written by the author in poetic form. With great regret, the poem was not published, so the readers were not honored with the opportunity to familiarize themselves with it. The poem was written back in the 30s, which was exhibited as an exhibit at the exhibition of twenty years of Mayakovsky's work. According to Mayakovsky, the first lines of the poem are written as a reflection of the essence of the poet's work, which became the start in the author's creative work. The intent of writing "With the Whole Voice" was to look at oneself from the future: "Dear comrades, descendants! Studying the darkness of our days. "
From these lines it is immediately clear that the poet writes them for the future generation, and also talks about himself. But Mayakovsky also writes lines, simply indulging in poetry, but joking a little about the woman who planted the garden: "I planted the garden nicely, my daughter, dacha, water and smooth surface, I will water it myself."
With his poems, the poet seriously fought for the communist cause, not fearing either the government or secret organizations. With lines from poetry, he simply pierced the soul of the Soviet people: “The troops unfolded my pages as a parade. Poems are hard lead.
During the revolution, everything changed very quickly. This meant that Mayakovsky should enter this pace, join the people, and together with them reorganize the world to a new, socialist direction. With his poetry, he moved forward, while this set this movement for the rest. To recognize this poetry meant to make your intentions real, striving step by step towards a bright, beautiful future.
With these lines the poet finished his verse "At the top of his voice": "I will raise, like a Bolshevik party card, all one hundred volumes of my party books." His poems made you think about many things. They awakened the people to act, which, according to his plan, the poet was striving for.