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What do you know about firefighters. Class hour "profession of a fireman". Personal qualities of a firefighter

Expert opinion

Ekaterina Kolokolova

Career guidance counselor. Certified specialist in the problems of child involvement in learning. He has over 10 years of experience in conducting seminars, trainings and lectures with audiences of all ages.

A firefighter is an employee of the Russian Emergencies Ministry who extinguishes fires and rescues people from the fire. Employees of the State Border Guard Service (State fire service) also monitor compliance with the norms fire safety and other specialized events.

Modern firefighters are sometimes called fire fighters: it's beautiful and romantic. But try calling an employee of the GPS a firefighter - you will immediately receive a harsh rebuke. The fact is that firefighters in Russia were called fire victims, swindlers who begged for alms from the kind-hearted Samaritans.

Most of the firefighters are included in the special fire fighting teams: unit commander, firefighter-driver, several firefighters-fighters. All fire brigades are assigned to the units of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, where they are on duty around the clock. In quiet times, firefighters improve their own professional skill and physical fitness, learn new methods of fighting fire, take care of special equipment. But they are constantly ready for a sudden departure: the fighters are given only 20 seconds for all training camps.

Firefighting activities are strictly regulated: the roles between the fighters are clearly assigned responsibilities, everyone knows their place. First of all, people are evacuated. The squad leader assesses the situation as a whole, thinks over the places of installation of special equipment, outlines the extinguishing tactics. If necessary, he calls additional departments. The soldiers act strictly according to the schedule according to the orders of the commander.

Example job description Example instruction (page 2)

What should be a firefighter?

The firefighter must:

  • clearly know your job duties, place according to the schedule, main regulations and instructions;
  • obey the orders of the commander implicitly;
  • keep in order the entrusted property (ammunition, equipment, personal protective equipment);
  • observe safety precautions, personal discipline;
  • master the basics first medical care;
  • be able to work in a team;
  • regularly improve professional skills and physical fitness;
  • have a stable psyche and quick reaction.

A physically and mentally weak person, easily panicking, has nothing to do in fire departments. Despite the fact that a firefighter must be bold and determined, reckless courage is also not welcomed: a firefighter must save people and put out fires, and not strive for heroic self-sacrifice.

Rescue service personnel must be brave and hardy, have excellent physical training, as well as have theoretical knowledge and practical skills in fighting fire.

Famous representatives of the profession

Pros and cons of the profession

Positive:

  • heroic profession covered with a romantic halo;
  • usually a convenient duty schedule, free time;
  • decent wages.

Negative:

  • very high risks and responsibility;
  • limited career prospects (without higher education);
  • military discipline.

Where are firefighters trained?

Ordinary fighters and firefighters are trained in specialized colleges (usually on the basis of 9 classes). However, conscripts transferred to the reserve, if they have the necessary moral qualities and physical condition, have a chance to become a fighter. fire brigade after short courses.

Higher education in the specialty "Fire safety" can be obtained in any of the universities subordinate to the Ministry of Emergencies. The most prestigious are universities located in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Ivanovo. Their graduates work as fire interrogators, experts, inspectors.

How much does a firefighter earn?

The average salary of a firefighter in Moscow is 45-50 thousand rubles, on average in Russia - 35-45 thousand. The maximum career bar for an ordinary soldier without higher education is a squad leader, but no one bothers to study in absentia. The profession of a firefighter is dangerous, but honorable and well paid.

Relevance

Sooner or later, a person faces the problem of choosing a profession. We drew attention to the profession of a firefighter, because nowadays in our country, young people increasingly consider the profession of a firefighter to be prestigious. Every day more and more people need the help of rescuers and firefighters.

Topchy Valery Valeryevich came to our school. He works in the Verkhnedobrin fire station No. 95, as a senior firefighter of the third shift. Valery Valerievich told us a lot about his service. We also did not stand aside, we read a lot, watched programs about firefighters, looked for information on the Internet, visited the virtual museum of the history of the fire department of Russia, made a virtual educational trip to the Berlin Museum and an excursion to Verkhnedobrinskaya fire department №95 (GKU of the Volgograd region "Fire service of the Volgograd region in the Kamyshinsky district") ... Held sociological survey students and found out what our guys think about the difficulties of this profession.

Object and subject of research: we and the profession of a firefighter.

Hypothesis

Find out that the main problems arising as a result of activities in the profession of a firefighter are: stress, high physical activity.

Goals

Attracting the attention of students to the profession of a firefighter, which is necessary to save people's lives, state and personal property.

Methods

    Theoretical method:

    study special literature,

    find information on the Internet;

    practical method:

    excursion to the fire department;

    an interview with a specialist from the fire department;

    conduct a sociological survey;

    bring and compare statistics on fires in our area.

THE CONTENT OF THE WORK

    Introduction

    Main part:

    How were fires extinguished in the old days?

    How do you become a firefighter? Where do they study?

    Do firefighters have drills?

    How is the fire station arranged?

    Where do 01 calls go?

    The composition of the combat crew

    What are hardware?

    Virtual museums:
    -Museum of the history of the fire protection of Russia

- Museum fire protection Moscow city

    Virtual educational trip to the Berlin Museum

    Interview with Valery Valeryevich Topchim, senior firefighter of the third shift of Verkhnedobrin fire station No. 95.

    Conclusion and conclusion

    Sources and Literature

    Main part. How were fires extinguished in the old days?

Many years ago primitive people learned what fire is. Later, people had to come up with ways to fight fires, because fire sometimes becomes a real disaster.

For many centuries, fires were extinguished "by the whole world." Bells ringing announced a fire, and residents of neighboring houses fled to help extinguish the fire. In villages where the houses were almost entirely wooden, the fire was especially terrible. The villagers stood up in a chain from the well to the burning house, passing buckets of water to each other. Often the houses next to them were destroyed to keep the rest of the village from fire. But the frightened crowd of people often interfered with the extinguishing of the fire more than they helped. In the fight against fire, a small organized group of specially trained people is more successful.

When and how did the fire department appear?

The profession of "firefighter" is very ancient. The first firefighters appeared in ancient Rome.During the night rounds of the city, the slaves not only kept order, but also extinguished the fires. About 300 BC, wealthy Romans were already creating the first paid fire brigades. They were called "vigilia", which means "awake." These firefighters were also police officers at night. The wealthiest Romans maintained "personal" fire brigades. When extinguishing fires, slaves used bronze buckets and earthen vessels.

The first legislators in the field of fire safety were the Germans, and at the beginning of the 17th century, the first fire brigades appeared in Germany.

In Russia, the fire brigade was created in 1803,by order of Emperor Alexander I,first in St. Petersburg, then in Moscow. By 1853, fire brigades were already in 460 cities of Russia.

Now there are fire brigades in every city.

How do you get firefighters? Where do they study?

To become a firefighter, you must first of all have excellent health and the appropriate age (from 18 years old). Anyone who wants to become a professional firefighter should learn a craft or master a technical profession, such as becoming an auto repairman, mechanic, locksmith or electrician. Candidates for firefighters enroll in courses where they study equipment, respiratory protection devices and fire law in every detail.

University:

The safety of society is unthinkable without the training of specialists of a special category: professionals in the prevention and elimination of emergencies. People's lives often depend on the ability to correctly apply their knowledge, efficiency and readiness to make decisions in the most difficult situations ...

In the EMERCOM system of Russia, specialists are trained by 5 higher educational institutions:

    Academy civil protection- the first university in the country, where they began to train rescue engineers and leaders of rescue teams;

    Academy of the State Fire Service;

    St. Petersburg University of State Fire Service;

    Ivanovo and Ural institutes of the Federal Border Guard Service.

Secondary vocational education can be obtained:

Technical fire and rescue college №57.

Courses:
Podolsk training center of the federal fire service. Here you can take 11-month courses and apply for the posts of chiefs of guards and inspectors of the State Fire Supervision.

Do firefighters have drills?

Firefighters need to act clearly and quickly, i.e. know your tasks and responsibilities well. Therefore, they have regular exercises. For example, in artificially smoke-filled rooms, they improve their work in gas masks. On purpose-built building facades, they practice climbing stairs to save people. Good physical shape is as important to them as skillful handling of special technical equipment. A correct understanding of tactical combat missions is just as important as specialized knowledge of building construction and firefighting equipment. All of this is taught in technical classes.

How is the fire station arranged?

The fire department is a whole town. There are workshops, a shower room, a room where gas masks and fire extinguishers are stored, and much more. More than 100 people are doing what they learned earlier, working in their specialty. A large fire department is on alert around the clock.

Where do 01 calls go?

The control center is the heart of the fire department. There are a lot of consoles, monitors, computers, printers, displays, and departure control boards.

In the control center for the forces and means of fire extinguishing sit firemen, dispatchers who receive messages about fires. Having received the call, they quickly give an alarm signal to the fire department located closest to the place of fire, sending there the required number of fire trucks, as well as ambulances and, if any, rescue services.

What does a modern firefighter look like?

Clothing and equipment of a modern firefighter can be very diverse. The material for combat (protective) clothing was selected depending on what tasks would have to be performed in it. However, any material undergoes special processing, due to which it practically does not burn. In addition to protective clothing, firefighters also have a casual uniform, very similar to the military one.

When leaving for a mission, firefighters put on:

    Combat clothing (combat clothing) made of hardly flammable material with reflective stripes;

    Protective helmet (hard hat), leather gloves - leggings;

If a firefighter has to be on fire for a long time, he puts on a suit covered with a layer of aluminum. Acting in strong smoke, the firefighter breathes with a gas mask connected to a cylinder containing compressed air. In the event of a fire or accident at a chemical plant or nuclear power plant, firefighters work in special suits to protect them from harmful substances and radiation.

Heat protective suit

Previously, firefighters' clothes were sewn from special fabrics with asbestos threads. Now it is sewn from metallized fabric, fine fiberglass or synthetic fiber. The suits have different degrees of protection.

Chemical - acid protection suit

It is sometimes necessary in case of accidents at chemical plants. These suits also have different degrees of protection - corresponding to the level of danger at the emergency facility.

Road safety

The clothes of the fire-control officer are made of a bright, highly visible fabric, most often of polyester. On a bright red vest, there are reflective silver stripes, which are visible in the dark even from a long distance.

The composition of the combat crew

A combat crew of several vehicles and teams leaves for the fire. The team is divided into groups, each with its own task: firefighting, rescue and evacuation of people, fire prevention in nearby buildings. If necessary, a rescue vehicle. The combat crew consists of the initial combat crew, command squads and rank-and-file fighters. The composition of the combat crew is indicated by numbers, for example - 1/2/16. This means that the team consists of a crew commander, two squad leaders and sixteen firefighters. Among them there are fighters, mechanics, messengers.

What is "hardware"?

Firefighters use many fire trucks in their work. One of the main ones is the machine for extinguishing and auxiliary actions. And there are also special vehicles that are not in every fire department. All fire trucks are red. Leaving on a call, they have the right of preferential passage (that is, they must be allowed by all other cars) and can go at a red light. This will turn on the siren and flasher. As a rule, a rescue service vehicle is involved in departures. The chief of the fire department is driving ahead in a passenger car. A fire truck crane is needed when you have to lift and move large weights. For example, if after a hurricane the streets are littered with trees uprooted, the truck crane removes them, freeing roadway for movement. There is also a machine - a ladder and an auto-protection machine. Along the extended staircase, you can climb to a height of 40 meters.

For extinguishing fires and auxiliary work, so-called conventional fire engines for various purposes are used, moreover, the type and number of fire-fighting equipment, i.e. technical means loaded into a particular machine are strictly defined. There are also hose machines that carry a lot of fire hoses.

Technical means

    Retractable ladder;

    Hydraulic pump;

    Stretcher;

    Road traffic sign;

    Reel with cable;

    Expanding pliers with a gas generator;

    Chainsaw;

    Heat protective suits;

    Sleeve bridges;

    Mobile radio;

    Flashlight;

    Gas mask;

    Signal flag;

    Axe;

    Scrap;

    Vest of bright (warning) color;

    Compressed air cylinders;

    Foaming agent containers;

    Sleeve reel;

    Fire extinguisher;

    Pressure sleeves;

    Hydrant Keys;

    Manual fire nozzles (fire hose tips);

    Sleeve ramifications.

What is a voluntary fire brigade?

A voluntary fire brigade has been set up in our village. It employs residents who voluntarily and free of charge are ready to immediately go to extinguish the fire.

When do you call firefighters?

Firefighters not only extinguish fires, they are also caused in other cases: in case of floods, they take part in saving people and animals; in case of car accidents, they help to free people from damaged cars (in our country, this is the responsibility of the rescue service). There are even diving firefighters if there is a shipwreck or oil spill from tankers. In mountainous areas, landslides and avalanches often occur, in other places - earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, sometimes in residential buildings explosions occur. To search for people covered with debris of buildings or littered with earth, snow, canine firefighters with specially trained dogs are used, which are part of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. In addition, firefighters work on the water and at airports, extinguish forest fires.

Virtual educational trip to the Berlin Museum .

The Berlin Fire Service was founded in 1851. Today in the German capital more than 4 thousand people are fighting against fires and for saving people and more than 900 pieces of equipment are used. Over the past year, the emergency number 112 in Berlin was dialed more than 350 thousand times (about 1000 calls a day). Of these, 80% of calls were addressed to the rescue and ambulance service, 11% were false calls, 7% were for technical assistance, and 2% were visits to fires.
The museum is located in one of the municipal fire departments. The entire third floor was given over to the exposition. The dark staircase leading to the museum is decorated in the form of an entrance to a half-burnt building. The sensations, to be honest, are eerie: everything around is black, charred, fire hoses are stretched out, and even the smell is appropriate. The effect of the presence is guaranteed.
Inside, everything is arranged according to a similar principle. There is also sound in some places.
In different thematic rooms, the visitor learns about the history of the fire brigade, about its development,
about the equipment used, equipment and many others. dr.

    Conclusion and conclusion

We are convinced that the profession of a firefighter is suitable only for strong and courageous people, as it requires a constant stay in a stressful situation and large physical costs from a person.

A firefighter must be able to work in a team , be brave, sociable, because he alone will never be able to do his job. He has a huge responsibility.

Every profession needs love , the profession of a firefighter is no exception.You need to be able to devote yourself entirely to your work, only then will you achieve some positive results and career growth.

We came to the conclusion that you can choose this profession if:
- know how to work in a team;

- have good sports training;

- love to help people.
And, you can't choose this profession , if:
- do not play sports

- conflict by nature.
In the process of creating a training project

    we learned working with text, drawing up tables, graphs;

    We met with the requirement for the personality of the firefighter, the content of his work; ustroena — pozharnaya — chast /

    • materials of the book from the series "Everything about everything" "Firefighters"

Hello dear readers! I like to blog and constantly share with you interesting and useful information in the field of blog promotion and promotion, making money on the Internet, etc., but sometimes, I think, you need to take a break and not burden your readers with the same topic.

Let's take a rest today and I'd rather tell you about how my normal working day, or rather a day, goes. Today I would like to tell you about this not easy, but interesting work. In addition, I also decided run the baton on his blog, which is called "My favorite job." I will tell you about what it is, as well as the purpose of holding the relay at the end of the article ... By the way, I’m starting the relay for the first time.

I decided to write this post not only to tell you about myself, in addition to this, I set myself the task of slightly expanding your horizons and knowledge of the firefighter-rescue profession. After all, many think that these guys only know that they are sleeping, and all drunk people come to the fire, and even without water. =) This is far from the case. After you read this article, your opinion (if so) will change dramatically.

Well, let's start. My position is the chief of the guard of GU PCh-5 FPS EMERCOM of the Russian Federation. I will decipher: the Main Directorate of the fifth fire department of the Federal Fire Service of the Ministry Emergency Situations Russian Federation... Fuck ... =)

I work according to the schedule - one day service - 1 dump + 2 days off. We also call such a schedule a day after three. Many may think, - "The schedule is just super, worked for a day, but take three walks." I do not argue, the grace is excellent, for the junior commanding staff. But since I belong to the category of the middle commanding staff, sometimes these three days off are also spent at work for me.

In our service, we conduct various vocational schools (fire-tactical exercises), SHPOM (schools for improving operational skills), job training, etc. In addition to all this, the chief of the guard is entrusted with one of the areas of operational service activity - I am responsible for fire fighting water supply in the area where your fire station exits. I monitor the health of fire hydrants, reservoirs and piers. Sometimes you even have to work with some documents on weekends, for example, draw up cards, fire extinguishing plans, keep documentation on PPV (water supply), etc.

My workday starts at 6:40. At this time, I wake up with PLEASURE on an alarm clock, collect food for a day, put on a uniform and go to work. At 8:00, I have to stand divorced like a bayonet, having reported to the head of the unit in advance that my entire personnel of 8 people (together with me) was built and ready to intercede on the day on duty.

But it will be still only at 8:00, and before that time I still need to do three important things:

- check the serviceability of your personal compressed air breathing apparatus Spiromatic QS (a serviceable apparatus is my life) + check the check of your apparatus by the personnel and make entries in the appropriate journal.

- check your BOP (firefighter's combat clothing), as well as l / c clothing ( personnel) + equipment (axes, leggings, belts, belts, comforters) by visual inspection for good condition.

- check documents l / s. Service IDs, driver's license(from drivers), as well as personal tokens (well, you never know they will burn in a fire, so at least they will identify them). =) Hard humor ...

After everything has been checked, at 8:00 am I give the command to build the intercessor (my own) and the changing guard and report my readiness to take over duty to the commander. Nasyalnika comes to divorce, and shouts at the whole room, - "Hello comrades." And we answered him - "I wish you good health, Comrade Lieutenant Colonel."

The underground cuts us tasks for the day on duty, as well as summarizes the work of the changing guard (where and how they messed up or distinguished themselves) ...

After the divorce is over, the changing of the guard begins. My gallant firefighters take fire fighting equipment and fire fighting equipment (fire fighting equipment and equipment). All sorts of sleeves, fire nozzles, cutters and everything else ... Drivers accept equipment, AC, AL, ASM. AC - tank truck, AL - ladder, ASM - rescue vehicle. The radiotelephone operator Nastenka receives the PSCh - the communication panel of the unit, where calls come with shouts of "Save, help, we are on fire." =)

Nastenka went to maternity leave, so Andrey (the driver) is now sitting behind her.

After we have checked everything amicably, accepted and took over on duty, we begin to follow the daily routine. Yes, that's how it's all strict. We do not have such a thing that everyone came together and while nothing was on, they began to watch the TV set or roll around on the trestle bed and grow puffs. =)

Here's our daily routine:

As you can see, something like a quiet hour or lying on the couch is not here. =) Of course it is plain paper and not always everything goes according to the schedule (minute by minute), but everything that is on this list is necessarily performed by the guard on duty during the day on duty.

Well, let's take a mini tour of our fire station first. Let's start with the most important thing, my office. =)

So! I inserted something wrong. Not so my photo, here's the one:

When the Internet starts to bring me 100-150 pieces of wood per month, I will definitely make repairs and new furniture in my office, but for now I need money for other things.

Here, in general, I write various papers, reports, fill out some kind of documentation and everything else, but basically out of 24 hours in a day here I spend a maximum of an hour of my time. Mostly not to get-togethers.

Move on. Here is our class... Here I, ZNCh - the deputy head of the unit, LF - the head of the unit and other guys from the middle commanding staff, we conduct classes from the l / s guard. For almost every day on duty, a special methodical plan for theoretical or practical training. Chairs are removed by the way in the classroom.

We teach l / c to extinguish fires, provide first aid - first aid, knowledge of PTV, VET, etc. In general, we are improving our and their professional skills and abilities.



By the way, in the picture above, there is a fire hydrant. Who does not know, this is such a thing that is located underground in special places at the facilities. In the event of a fire, this is where we take water to extinguish the fire, when the main supply of water in the AC is not enough. From there, water enters the pumps of fire trucks, and the pumps, already under pressure, supply water to the firemen (NOT HOSES !!!) sleeves and then the trunks ... On average, the pressure in the SG - fire hydrant is 3-5 atmospheres.

Well, this is so for your general development, so that you, like some clever people, do not think that water from fire engines goes on forever. Tank trucks are different types... For example, if you take AC-40 (130) 63B, then its water capacity is only 2100 liters. Consumption, for example, of one RS-50 barrel is 3.5 liters per second. In total, in a fire, when 2 barrels are fed simultaneously from one AC, the tank will be emptied after 5 minutes. 2100/7/60 = 5.

How many times have we heard shouts from all the upstarts from the crowd at the fire when the water runs out, - "Well, again the firemen arrived drunk, and even without water." After that, I want to kick this upstart in the neck ... =) We are not firefighters, but firefighters and we always come to the fire with water and to the eyeballs.

In Vladivostok, you may remember the fire was terrible (), when the girls jumped out of the windows. So one of the fire station ladder drivers was beaten up for nothing. For the fact that he did not have water in the car (well, and not only for that). There is no water on the ladder at all, there is only water on tank trucks ...

Anyway. In general, I hope that after reading this information you have become more advanced in this regard and will NEVER think, much less say somewhere that firefighters are drunk, and even without water they go to fires. =)

Better not to make him angry. =)

If a fire breaks out in the area where our fire station exits, then Andrey accepts a call about it through the phone, then gives an alarm signal and fills out a ticket (photo below) in which he writes the place of the fire, address, etc. He gives it to me and we leave.

Even on the way to the fire, I learn various information about emergencies through Andrey on the radio. Are there any victims who need prompt assistance, is the power cut off at the fire site (if any), what is burning, who will meet and tell the situation, etc.

1 - loudspeaker part. 2 - radio station for communication in fire trucks and not only. Below in the photo is a radio station that is installed on each fire engine.

For each object located in the exit area of ​​our unit, we have operational plans and fire extinguishing cards on the control panel. When leaving for a fire, I take the document I need and even at the moment of travel (before arriving at the fire) I can study along the way and find out where and what is burning, the layout of buildings and structures, etc. The documents contain everything: floor plans, power outages, storage locations for cylinders with explosive gases, explosives, etc. Here they are dear ones:

In the plans for extinguishing a fire, in general, there are already ready-made calculations for extinguishing a fire (how much equipment is needed, water, barrels, etc.), as well as a scheme for placing tankers and feeding barrels.

Every fire engine has a water source tablet, thanks to which I can know the location of every fire hydrant, pond or pier and not run around the fire and look for them.

The tablet contains the entire complete map of the area of ​​my exit, as well as the most accurate (up to a meter) location of water sources near each object.

So, well, about extinguishing fires a little later, let's go back to the unit. What else is there? Sleeves ... =)

Sleeping bag. We sleep here.

The bedroom, kitchen, my office, classroom and other premises are on the second floor. In order not to run and knock everyone off their feet in the stairwell in case of alarm, but quickly get from the 2nd floor to the 1st into the garage and get into fire trucks, we have trigger posts:

Well, I think everyone, when they were little, went on an excursion to the fire department and rode them. The time of the guard on duty for departure is only 1 minute. no matter what you do in the unit, in case of alarm you have 1 minute to run to the garage, put on the BOP (combat clothing and equipment) and sit down in the car. Once a month, we even pass the standards. Only 1 attempt. Not passed - goodbye award.

I don't know why, but this game is also called "Mondovoshka". =)

There is a gym, kitchen and other premises, but I forgot to take a picture of them. =) There is a room for testing breathing apparatus, where we still have spare compressed air cylinders.

Vaughn Leha sits shaking his sleeves. =)

Sanyok sits for a day:

In short, he is day-to-day in part. The day attendant keeps order, makes sure that no unauthorized persons walk in the unit, that no one parks any cars in front of the garage door, etc. In short, the beholder ...

Let's show our cars.

AC 8.0-40 (53228) based on KamAZ. 8 tons of water + 800 liters of foaming agent. Healthy colossus. Only a few pieces were issued to Karelia (3-5, it seems). With such a bandura, any fire is not terrible.

ASM is an emergency rescue vehicle. On this wheelbarrow, we go mainly to various rubble and road accidents. The car has all the necessary equipment and a rescue tool for removing victims from rubble, distorted cars (if they are jammed), etc.

I forgot to take a picture by the way ASI - an emergency rescue tool. In our part of Holmatro. Good thing, so far I have never failed.

Well, other fire trucks. By the way, there is AL-30 (131) on which there is no water. Only a ladder extending 30 meters. From the 9th floor it will get you, but from the 10th floor it will not.

Photo of not our unit, Ivanovskaya, where I trained as a cadet. We have the same car, no different.

Here is the garage door, the general came and said to paint it blue. Do you think his brain is normal?

All my life the gates have been red, and here you are, give him blue ... Well, okay ...

Every winter we have competitions right on the parade ground of the Bandy unit. Super! The year before last, we took 1st place. In the past, something is the other way around. =) Last ...

This year, right in the middle of the competition, our team had to disrupt the game and go to the fire. Played out after the fire.




They put it out, arrived at the unit, finished the game and a photo for memory ...

Well, let's conclude with a few more photos:

The deputy head of the unit (on the right) conducts classes with l / s.

Together with Leha, we check the fire hydrants in the area where the unit exits.

Extinguishing a BelAZ dump truck in a quarry. Healthy colossus. When burning, if one wheel explodes, then the firefighter (if he is close) can be carried by a blast wave for several meters. If BelAZ is in a closed room, then absolutely all glass will fly out in it (room) during an explosion.

Exercises in breathing apparatus Spiromatic QS in the fresh air.

Working out the standard number 22 - removal, carrying, installation and ascent along the L-60 into the window of the 3rd floor of the training tower.

Sanya and I are sitting in TOKs. TOK - heat-reflective suit.

Extinguishing the tractor.

Garrison training vocational schools - tactical fire drills. Extinguishing a BelAZ dump truck indoors.

Me and Max (my PNK is the assistant to the chief of the guard) at the competitions of the GDZS units. GDZS - gas and smoke protection service.

Artem is indulging. Firelord type.

Well, I will probably finish the article. Everything that is written in this article is only a small part of the profession of a firefighter rescuer. In fact, you can still write and write ... I think not worth it ... And so the post turned out to be very long.

V general work I love mine. Everything about her suits me. The only thing that pisses me off about it is keeping a mountain of various documents. All sorts of damn generals came up with so many different unnecessary pieces of paper that it's just horror ... Constantly come some orders, recommendations and other unnecessary crap from which the roof just goes. While I endure, it will be seen further ...

Finally, a short video. I pass the standard number 19 ZNCH - transfer, installation and ascent along the assault ladder to the window of the 4th floor of the training tower.

When I first entered the AI ​​of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia in Ivanovo and for the first time climbed the stairs, my time was 1 minute 40 seconds. Now the time has decreased a little. =)

So what else. As promised at the beginning of the post - RELAY !!!

The purpose of the relay"My Favorite Job": Make you want to write a blog post to tell all your readers about your work. There are a lot of professions in the world, and if each of us knows at least a little about each of them, it will be just wonderful. Who owns the information - he owns the world, as they say.

How to take part in the relay? Very simple. You write a post on your blog and put in it a link to the blog of the person who took this baton (that is, my blog). The link can even be closed from indexing.

People who read your post and decide to take part in your relay will also write an article on their blog and put a link to you, as to the blogger from whom they took this relay ... Well, and so on ... In general interesting scheme ...

I pass the baton to all of you, dear readers. On a separate relay baton, I would like to convey to two bloggers who, like me, wear epaulettes on their shoulders:

1.Alexander Bobrin (asbseo.ru) - hold your wand
2. Ali Askerov (tanci-kavkaza.ru) - hold your wand

Guys, I will be glad if you take part in the relay. I am pleased to read your articles. It is very interesting to know where and how my readers work.

At the end of the 7th round of solving crosswords.

Crossword number 7.

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Best regards, Alexander Borisov

Radiant light streamed through the rich green crowns of trees, descending on the golden, ripe grass. It spilled over the lawns, and the midges frolicked in the sunlight, like hundreds of small diamonds that somehow miraculously lost the gravity of the Earth. Here and there the swifts flew by like small fighters, holding on to order of battle... Above all this idyllic beauty is an azure lake of the sky, transparent and bottomless. And only a plume of smoke rising from the dry, fluffy moss, rising up and spreading into the thick of the forest, disturbed the peace of the inhabitants of this reserved world. A shard of glass, a thrown bottle, according to the laws of physics, focused the sunlight so that the moss heated up, sparkled and the wind blew it into a small fire.

The smallest sparks, similar to small stars, flew towards the forest, sticking to foliage, dry stumps, to the bark of trees. And now, after a few minutes, a small harmless fire grabbed hold of it and crawled up the dry needles of perennial pines. And the wind seemed to be waiting for this and blew with such force that the flame no longer paid attention to the distance. The fire moved along the tops of the trees at such a speed that it seemed that nothing could stop it. The forest came to life. Animals and birds in panic left their holes and nests. They ran, flew and crawled away, saving their cubs and themselves from the smoke and hot fire ...

At nine o'clock in the morning, as agreed yesterday evening, Nikolai Somov, sipping the fifth cigarette of "Golden Java", was already waiting for his friends at the booth with the name "Zhelezyaka" known in the district. A large, golden cross shone in the rising sun on his hairy chest. About a quarter of an hour had passed since he arrived, and the huge rucksack over his shoulders had already rubbed his neck pretty hard. Finally he put him on the ground, but at the same instant the familiar signal from Ivan Beloruky's blue Zhigulenka sounded behind him.

- Great, Catfish! Are you dry yet? We're not going to work - let's untie your chumodan!

- Hi Hi! Listen, Vano, I’m fine, but you’re behind the wheel, right? Although when it stopped you - Somov laughed, taking out a bottle of cold beer, besides which, as it turned out, there was still so much of this drink in the backpack that at least a dozen healthy men could have been drunk.

- Let’s not screw it up, it’s about twenty minutes to go, I found such a clearing in the forest, you’ll open your mouth!

- Well, come on, for the meeting !! - Somov opened a couple of bottles and the "laughing" drink disappeared into the throats of his friends.

The backpack fell into the backseat, the doors slammed and the car screeched away around the bend ..

At this time, in the fire station of the village of Novogodny, the change of the guard on duty had already been completed and the brave firefighters began to fulfill their daily duties. Young firefighter Sergei Smeshnov came to the service with a special mood, all ironed, in new form and with two pies for his birthday. The squad leader Oleg Bespalov, who was acting, almost retired Valery Mikhailovich and the driver of Lech, greeted him in this form with a little caution:

- Seryoga, why are you so dressed up? Something I do not want to leave today! Don't you know the signs, have you at least washed the form once?

- Mikhalych, yes these are all prejudices - smiled Smeshnov

- Well, well ..- Bespalov shook his head, a healthy fellow 38 years old, it seemed that he had no neck and a head immediately grew from his shoulders ..- Ok, cut the pies and put the kettle on, happy birthday!

Meanwhile, friends have already arrived at their place of rest. As Belorukov had promised, Nikolai was delighted with the place that a friend had found, hidden in an old, reserved forest, where, it seemed, no human had ever set foot. They quickly collected old, dry branches, having eaten on the way bony and blueberries, lit a fire and, to the sounds of a beat-up guitar, sang songs and drank a cold drink from glass bottles. After the fourth bottle, Ivan got up, took the container that was lying near the fire, and went to the rowan tree that stood nearby. He inserted bottles, neck down, into the sticking out branches.

“What are you doing, Vano?” Asked Somov.

- Now you will see - laughed, pretty drunk and clearly inadequate friend, took out a gas pistol from the glove compartment, shooting steel balls, and began to shoot at the bottles.

Friends were having fun. Not a little time passed, and the alcohol ran out .. Ivan, barely limping to the Zhigulenka, started the engine and blowing clouds of smoke and wagging between the trees, drove off for a new portion of the drink.

The sun had long since changed its position and brightly illuminated the resting place of friends ... Somov went into the shade, and barely leaning against the trunk of a huge birch, he quickly fell asleep in a sound sleep ...

The forest came to life. The noise and din, the voices of crazed animals and birds, the crackle of burning wood and acrid smoke awakened Somov, he tried to get up, but his legs did not obey him, it was too late, there was no clean air in his lungs for several minutes. Somov once again reached up with all his might and lost consciousness.

The bell rang at the fire station. , whose duties were naturally performed by the young Serega Smeshnov, quickly answered the phone.

- Fire brigade..what's on fire..where? Your last name .. phone .. ALARM !!

The ringing of the bell in the fire station in an alarming wave swept through the village. Firefighters rushed into the garage, and literally flew into and, buttoning and on the move, ran out of the gate, where a tanker truck was already waiting for them, flashing red sides, filled with water and ready to perform the functions assigned to it, in spite of its age. The firefighters disappeared inside the cabin, the last door slammed and, buzzing with a siren and flashing beacons, fire engine rushed towards the forest, over which black-gray smoke was already swirling and tongues of flame, looking through it, flew away into the sky.

“Oleg, look, you have to drive in this state, but he can't stand on his feet!” Shouting over the car's engine, Mikhalych pointed to the traffic police carriage, which blocked the way for the blue Zhigulenka.

- Yes, it is definitely not necessary to give out the rights to such a second time!

Approaching the place of the fire, Bespalov asked the dispatcher:

- "Grove" "Dam" at the reception!

- "Grove" at the reception!

- I see a glow, the area is waterless! Help from PCh-1 is needed! How do you understand?

- Accepted! Help from PCh-1 is needed! Received additional information! There is a man at the site of the fire! As I understood!

- Understand you! There is a man at the site of the fire! Let's go reconnaissance! There is an artificial gap in the direction of the wind in the forest belt! The first barrel is served to meet the movement of fire! How do you understand?

- Accepted!

- Mikhalych, let's turn around with Leha, trunk line 4 sleeves, a fork, two fifty-first and the Kurs trunk! Your task is to prevent the fire from going through the gap! To report on changes in the situation!

- Oleg, not for the first time, everything will be at the highest level! - Mikhalych smiled.

Bespalov, throwing it over his shoulders Breathe-helping machine, walked along the hot earth towards the clearing where two friends had recently had fun. The coals of burnt branches fell from the trees, ash flew everywhere, sparks, unburned pine needles, the tree trunks were smoking and the fire licked the charred bark ..

- Is there anyone alive?! Hey! Is there anybody here! - shouted Oleg.

And then he saw something shiny near a huge, blackened birch, which stood nine hours from him, twenty meters. With a brisk step, jumping over the fallen thick, dying branches, Bespalov went in the direction of the birch.

Boy, how are you ?! Wake up! Do you hear ?! What are you? How so?! - he put two fingers on Somov's neck, - So! There is a pulse ... Come on, brother, breathe! Oleg put a rescue device on Somov's head and opened a compressed air cylinder to ventilate his lungs. Suddenly a thick branch fell off the birch with a crash and fell on Oleg's head ...

Bespalov opened his eyes ... A young nurse sat next to him and poked ammonia into his nose. Firemen were running around, fire hoses swollen with water were wriggling along the ground like huge snakes, the air still had the bitterness of acrid smoke, but the air was already clear, and only in some places steam rose into the sky from the blackened tree trunks.

- Well enough, I'm fine, my head only hurts and my neck! What happened?

- Lucky you, comrade warrant officer! If it were not for your good health and a bull's neck, it is not yet known what would have happened to you, the nurse smiled.

- Where is the victim? Is he alive? - Oleg worried.

- Yes! He was taken to the hospital! You put a mask on him in time, if only a little more and he could not be saved ... And now you are a hero !!

“But what kind of hero is there - this is our job!” Bespalov smiled.

A firefighter is a fire brigade who extinguishes fires and rescues victims.

The main goal of a firefighter's work is the safety of residents, their protection and rescue.

In the historical annals, information was found that the most fire brigades appeared in Ancient Egypt. The Roman Empire also had such rescue teams, founded by Emperor Augustus.

Russia began to actively and seriously approach the issue of fighting fires at the end of the eleventh century. Then the people who were implicated and convicted of arson were subjected to a terrible judgment. As punishment, they were deprived of all their property. But later they decided that this punishment was not enough, and decided to resort to the death penalty.

1504 was marked by the emergence of the first fire brigade. It consisted of soldiers who were armed with axes and halberds. This weapon helped them only when dismantling the rubble.

It was officially believed that the profession of a firefighter appeared in 1649. This year, the king issued a decree appointing people who are responsible for fire safety. It indicated the duties and powers of the first firefighters, as well as their number in the detachments.

Professional holiday

Fire Service Day - January 29. On this day in Ukraine, all fire service workers celebrate their professional holiday.

But also Lifeguard Day, which is celebrated on September 17, considered a holiday and firefighters. On this day of specialists this direction are awarded medals and certificates of honor... Many gala concerts and programs are held for them.

Varieties

Fire protection can be divided into the following types:

  • State fire service... Its main focus is fire supervision.
  • The municipal fire brigade... Its main tasks are to organize and carry out the prevention of fires and extinguishing.
  • Departmental fire protection. It will be organized federal bodies executive power, in order to ensure fire safety.
  • Private fire brigade. It is organized in certain places by agreement.
  • Voluntary fire brigade. it additional view protection, it is created from volunteer rescuers who have shown a sincere desire to participate in fire prevention activities.

Advantages and disadvantages

The firefighter profession has its advantages:

  • quite a popular profession;
  • considered a heroic and honorable profession;
  • quite convenient work schedule;
  • good earnings.

Delight, respect, and boundless gratitude for the lives saved are perhaps the most important advantages of this profession.

But, nevertheless, this profession also has its significant disadvantages:

  • the danger that is present every day;
  • huge risk;
  • extreme working conditions;
  • small career prospects;
  • strict discipline;
  • frequent trainings and trips to different cities are possible.

The most significant disadvantage is the experiences of loved ones. After all, every day a rescuer leaves for a heroic, but such a dangerous service. And they do not know whether he will return safe and sound.

Requirements for the profession

Applicants may meet the following requirements:

  • complete secondary education;
  • passing fire-prevention training;
  • excellent knowledge of fire safety rules, applicable building codes;
  • excellent health;
  • knowledge of legislative, legal and regulatory acts;
  • knowledge of methods of localization and elimination of fires;
  • possession of various tactics of extinguishing fires.

Firefighters must always be prepared for uncomfortable working conditions and irregular work schedules.

Firefighter job responsibilities

A good firefighter is a professional who possesses versatile jobs.

He must:

  • be able to react quickly;
  • good orientation in the terrain;
  • be able to provide first aid;
  • find a psychological approach to the victims;
  • be able to stop the spread of panic;
  • thoroughly own professional equipment.

Also, rescuers may need to interact with search dogs, quickly disassemble debris, and carefully remove people from the fire.

A responsibility

The firefighter is responsible for:

  • failure to comply with orders;
  • inaccurate information about the work done;
  • safety rules, and labor protection instructions;
  • violation of labor discipline;
  • failure to fulfill their professional duties.

Firefighters' powers

The rescuer has the right:

  • to provide work stipulated by an employment contract;
  • for the organization of a workplace that will correspond to all state regulatory requirements and conditions;
  • receive complete reliable information about working conditions;
  • receive vocational training, retraining and raising their qualifications in the prescribed manner;
  • receive materials and documents that relate to the issues of their activities;
  • interact with all divisions of employers;
  • use a cell phone for business purposes.

Features of the firefighter profession

  1. When in settlement fire occurs, dispatchers receive a call. Having determined the area, they determine the nearest fire department. If the fire is small, then the dispatcher only needs to send one car from the nearest part.
  2. If large areas and rooms are on fire, then two huge cars are driving. If the case is grave and serious, all cars from all surrounding parts are sent. And sometimes even from neighboring cities.
  3. The work of firefighters begins when the alarm siren lights up, rescuers put on overalls and leave for the scene. All rescuers are in excellent shape and know the specifics of actions, so they work as quickly as possible. They are assembled in twenty seconds, because every second is valuable.
  4. When firefighters arrive at the place of fire, they have to connect the hoses to the nearest water source in a couple of minutes, because there are fires that can be extinguished for several days. Next, firefighters are sent to the source of ignition to save people. They risk their lives a lot, but that's part of their job. That is why this specialty is suitable only for strong, courageous and self-confident people.
  5. Further investigators work, they determine who became the culprit of the fire, and draw up acts on the legality of fire extinguishing.

The work of fire inspectors cannot be underestimated either. They are the ones who check fire safety at enterprises, conduct informational conversations with employees and children. After all, often a child after school is left alone, and is subject to all sorts of dangers. But if he is warned and informed, then he is armed.

The profession of firefighters is one of the most dangerous professions in the world. Every day, young guys fight fire, saving lives, but at the same time putting themselves in great danger. They know what they are doing, but despite this, they are ready to give their lives to save people. Firefighters are real heroes of our time! Their noble work is always highly appreciated and rewarded.

Professional skills and abilities

Firefighters should be able to:

  • handle fire extinguishing techniques;
  • promptly and correctly carry out the evacuation of people from the danger zone;
  • get acquainted with the tactics of fighting fire;
  • adhere to your own safety techniques;
  • provide competent first aid victims.

The main thing is the self-control and endurance of the rescuers. After all, a firefighter of the Ministry of Emergencies must be able to cope with psychological and physical stress, and at the same time be able to support and calm the victims.

Personal qualities of a firefighter

Firefighter is a heroic profession. Every day rescuers risk their lives, leaving for the next trip. The risk in this work is constantly present. Therefore, firefighters should be endowed with many who will help them in this difficult work:

  • nerves of steel;
  • physical endurance;
  • dexterity;
  • courage;
  • quick response;
  • mutual assistance;
  • discipline;
  • ingenuity;
  • responsibility.

This specialty requires both psychological balance and calmness. Regardless of dangerous environment, you must always remain sober and not lose confidence in actions.