History of the profession of design engineer. Profession "design engineer". Pros and cons of the profession

Technological progress is developing at a rapid pace and now it is impossible to imagine ordinary life without many things and devices that did not exist a couple of decades ago. Every industry needs someone to develop new designs. This applies to everything from everyday goods to rockets and computers. The profession of a design engineer is, first of all, creative work that allows you to create new or modernize existing things.

What is a profession

Creating drawings and models is the main task of this specialist. The production process at its different stages requires support with various drawings. Starting from the creation of a sketch and ending with the mass production of finished products, the employee notes all changes and creates working design documentation.

In connection with this, throughout the country and in the city of Moscow, a design engineer receives a high salary. A good specialist will never be left without work, because this is a very sought-after position.

Requirements for specialists

In the field of mechanical engineering, the employee will be required to have an analytical mind, attentiveness and responsibility, since he will need to carry out calculations and work with various equipment. Employers also pay attention to the erudition and rationality of the applicant.

Only an employee with high stress tolerance will be able to get a position, because he will have hard work, and customers may require adjustments to the drawings as soon as possible. When submitting a resume, a design engineer should take into account that at the initial stages of cooperation, earnings may not be high, but this position implies good career growth.

Provisions

The employee hired for this position is a specialist. To obtain it, you will need a higher professional technical education. Work experience is usually not required. An applicant with a secondary technical diploma can also get a job, but at the same time he needs to obtain experience as a design technician for three years.

Applicants with five years of experience in related positions may also be considered. Career growth partially affects the design engineer categories. There are three of them in total, and to get a job in the next one, you need to have a higher education in a technical field and have worked in a position with a lower category for at least three years.

Knowledge

Before starting work, an employee must familiarize himself with all regulatory and methodological materials that relate to design training. He must study the systems and methods of design, how the implementation of installation and operation of the structures that he is entrusted with design works; What technology is used to produce them?

A design engineer must understand the prospects for technical development in the company where he is employed; what equipment, tools and accessories are trusted to him. He must also constantly monitor similar designed products, know their economic indicators and technical characteristics. Know how design documentation is developed and executed, including instructions, standards and methods for creating drawings.

Other knowledge

He must study all the technical requirements for the structures he develops and the procedure for their certification. Be able to use design automation tools, communications, communications and computer technology. A design engineer must understand how technical calculations are carried out, the properties of the materials used, how and when patent research is carried out, and also become familiar with the basics of invention.

Be able to analyze the technical level, study aesthetics, computer-aided design systems and artistic design. Also, his knowledge should include the basics of labor organization, economics, labor legislation and management. He must familiarize himself with all the rules and charter of the company where he is employed.

Functions

This specialist is engaged in the development of preliminary, technical and working designs of products of varying complexity. At the same time, he must use design automation tools, taking into account best practices for the development of such structures. At the same time, ensure that his work complies with the technical specifications, norms and standards, does not go beyond the established budget, and contains only standardized parts and assembly units.

A design engineer must carry out patent research and determine the technical level of the products he designs. He is involved in drawing up kinematic diagrams, general layouts and connections of structural elements, based on diagrams and sketches of the project. Checking working designs and monitoring drawings according to the profile and specialty of the work. The employee is tasked with taking sketches from nature, if the parts are complex, and performing detailing.

Responsibilities

Working as a design engineer involves carrying out technical calculations for projects, technical-economic and functional-cost analysis, and identifying the risks of creating new parts. He is involved in drawing up operating instructions, explanatory notes, passports, test programs and other technical documents.

He is obliged to study and analyze all design documentation for its usefulness during design work. He is also obliged to coordinate the projects that he has developed with other departments, supervisory authorities and customers. Justify the benefits of your products in terms of the economic costs of their creation.

Other features

The job description of a design engineer may also include a list of other responsibilities, including participation in installation, commissioning, testing and delivery of developed or modernized products and structures to the customer. He must draw up applications for invented and industrial designs, improve the process of modernization, unification and take part in the creation of certificates and standards for projects. The instructions may include other points depending on the needs of the company, but within the framework of current legislation.

Rights

An employee has the right to receive information about all management decisions that relate to his work, as well as to propose solutions to improve the efficiency of his work. He can inform management about identified violations and suggest methods for eliminating problems that have arisen. If necessary, he has the right to request documentation and information from the heads of other departments. Moreover, depending on the instructions, he can do this personally or on behalf of his management. The employee has the right to involve other employees to solve the tasks assigned to him. He also has the right to demand assistance from his superiors in performing the tasks entrusted to him.

Responsibility

Representatives of this position are most responsible for the disclosure of secret and confidential information, especially if it concerns new inventions of the company. He is responsible for improper or untimely performance of his duties, for causing material damage to the company, as well as for violations of the current legislation of the country.

Conclusion

There is a vacancy for a design engineer at almost every manufacturing enterprise, so specialists of this type are rarely left without work. Well-honed craftsmanship, experience and skills allow craftsmen to receive truly prestigious positions with good wages. Career growth is quite real; it attracts many workers in this field. The main thing is to be able to perform your duties well and keep up with competitors.

Any position implies the presence of a certain category, depending on this, a job description is drawn up for the staff. This document specifies the requirements for the employee’s functions and his rights in the enterprise. Similar standards apply to such a profession as a design engineer. The duties and responsibilities of the specialist are listed below.

Categories of workers

It is also necessary to take into account that representatives of this profession may be assigned qualification categories. The process is implemented in a manner determined by the collective agreement, other agreements or the employer himself, in full accordance with the characteristics of the position. When making a decision to provide an employee with qualifications, the recommendations of the certification commission are taken into account. However, the responsibilities of a category 2 design engineer, a leading specialist, and representatives of other groups are practically the same, only the degree of responsibility differs.

General provisions of the document

When considering any papers, you should first read the contents. The job description of a design engineer includes the following general information:

Representatives of this profession are included in the category of specialists.
An employee can be appointed to or removed from this position only by order of an authorized person or the general director.
Depending on the category, a person with appropriate work experience and level of education is appointed to the position.
The design engineer reports to an authorized person or the general director.
In the absence of a specialist, his duties are assigned to an employee appointed by management.

Job responsibilities of a specialist

The design engineer whose responsibilities are presented in this section must comply with each point of the established instructions.

Development of design documentation, attached documents, layouts, sketches, drawings, products of varying complexity, mechanisms and structures.
Use of design documentation automation tools in the workflow.
Ensuring compliance of the project and similar documentation with certification requirements, provided technical specifications, labor organization norms and rules, and safety standards.
The specialist must monitor the parameters of the correct expenditure of funds, compliance with unified parameters, production, design and mass production of products. It’s not just the design engineer who looks after such issues.
Responsibilities for the implementation of patent research, assessment of the technical level of design objects.
Drawing up and development of kinematic diagrams, designing the layout, determining the possibility of integrating individual diagrams and blocks into the layout of the design object.
Development of sketches from the finished product.
Implementation of drawings based on theoretical information.
Development of estimate and design documentation with the help of a working group or independently. This is done by a category 3 design engineer.
Responsibilities for preparing preliminary estimates regarding the cost of design work. Preparation of the release of designed products at the serial production level, documentation on project profitability forecasts. Resolving issues related to commissioning of products. Every design engineer should be able to do this.
Responsibilities for drawing up explanatory notes, various technical maps, patent passports, testing programs for the design object, and a package of documents for licensing.
Implementation and analysis of information received from other enterprises.
Coordination of the project with other divisions of the organization, the customer, and supervisory authorities.
Preparation of the financial basis of the design object.
Active participation in installation work, test tests, adjustment and commissioning of prototypes.
Drawing up and filing applications for the invention of industrial designs that appear as a result of the modernization of design objects.
The responsibilities of the leading design engineer are supplemented by the preparation of reports for submission to management, expert opinions, and reviews of the project.
Introducing rationalization proposals into activities.

It must be taken into account that the responsibilities of a category 1 design engineer coincide with the responsibilities of a leading specialist.

Rights of a design engineer

An employee has not only responsibilities, but also rights. Any job description of a design engineer contains a list of them.

The right to request and receive any documentation necessary for the implementation of duties.
The right to comply with all working conditions.
Active participation in identifying production deficiencies. Development of topical issues and methods for solving them. Making proposals to improve the quality of performance within one’s own competence.
Studying orders, projects, decisions related to one’s own activities.
Attracting personnel from other departments to solve job tasks.

Responsibility of the specialist

The design engineer, whose job responsibilities were indicated above, also bears a certain burden of responsibility to management and the enterprise, these are:

Material obligations. The degree of responsibility is determined by the norms of the current legislation.
Responsibility for non-compliance with safety standards, enterprise charter and labor regulations.
For negligence in one’s own duties or inaction when other employees fail to comply with them.
Failure to complete your professional tasks in a timely manner.
Disclosure of trade secrets, transfer of project documentation to third parties.

An employer has the right to dismiss an employee if all standards of responsibility and duties are not observed.

Requirements for the position

According to accepted standards, an employee applying for the position of design engineer must know:

Legal regulations in force at enterprises in the industry, and the legislative framework at the state level related to its activities.
Orders and resolutions of the enterprise.
Company charter.
Methods of design, operation and installation of designed objects, mechanisms, structures and technology for their production.
The production and technological base of the enterprise, inventory.
Parameters and characteristics of devices, mechanisms and other objects that are considered analogues of those being designed.
Methods and rules that are used for the development and execution of drawing documentation, other design and project documentation.
Technical conditions in force during the production process, necessary requirements for product certification.
Methods and methods of production automation, methods of working with modern computer technology.

Additional specialist knowledge

The employee must take into account that modern requirements for the position require the following skills:

Basis of artistic design, basics of design, management of auto-design systems.
Methods used in carrying out technical calculations and measurements using measuring and control instruments.
Methodology for the analysis and assessment of technical objects related to project activities within the country and at foreign production sites.
Technical conditions related to the organization of labor associated with design and engineering activities.
Fundamentals of management, labor management, economics.
Internal regulations, safety standards, sanitation, industrial hygiene, fire safety.

Other requirements for the position of design engineer

Higher education (for leading engineer). Specialists of categories 1, 2, 3 may have secondary specialized or higher education. The education document is provided to the employer or the human resources department.
For a leading specialist, work experience in this field is at least four years and at least one year as a chief engineer. For other categories, except the first, the experience is from three years. The employer relies on the entries made in the work book.
Ability to prepare technical documentation.
Ability to work professionally in specialized programs.
For a leading engineer, it is desirable to have an academic degree and experience in implementing orders from large enterprises of national importance.

Results

When an employee is included in the staff, he is provided with a job description, endorsed by management. After reading the document, the specialist puts his signature on it, agreeing to comply with the instructions. In modern practice, the document is agreed upon with the head of the legal department.

Design engineer is an engineering specialty. The activity (work) of a design engineer is necessary for the development and creation of the final (target) product from the products and resources of existing material production. In this definition, the creation of a final (target) product is understood as the combination of products (resources). For example: - assembly, installation, welding, concreting.

Essentially, a designer designs machinery and equipment.

Responsibilities

Develops preliminary, technical and working designs of particularly complex, complex and medium-complexity products, using design automation tools, advanced experience in the development of competitive products, while ensuring compliance of the developed designs with technical specifications, standards, labor safety standards, requirements of the most economical production technology, as well as the use of standardized and unified parts and assembly units. Conducts patent research and determines indicators of the technical level of designed products.

Draws up kinematic diagrams, general layouts and theoretical connections of individual structural elements based on schematic diagrams and preliminary designs, checks working designs and controls drawings according to specialty or work profile, draws sketches of complex parts from nature and performs complex detailing. Conducts technical calculations for projects, technical-economic and functional-cost analysis of the effectiveness of designed structures, as well as risk calculations when developing new products, draws up operating instructions for structures, explanatory notes to them, technical level maps, passports (including patent and license ), test programs, technical specifications, notices of changes in previously developed drawings and other technical documentation. Studies and analyzes design documentation received from other enterprises for the purpose of its use in design and construction.

Coordinates the projects being developed with other departments of the enterprise, representatives of customers and supervisory authorities, economically justifies the designs being developed. Participates in the installation, adjustment, testing and commissioning of prototypes of products, assemblies, systems and parts of new and modernized designs of products manufactured by the enterprise, in the preparation of applications for inventions and industrial designs, as well as in work on improvement, modernization, unification of designed products, their elements and in the development of draft standards and certificates.

Provides feedback and conclusions on draft standards, rationalization proposals and inventions relating to individual elements and assembly units.

Personal qualities

High concentration and attention span,

Technical mindset

Analytical thinking.

Qualification requirements

Higher professional (technical) education.

Places of work

State research institutes and design bureaus, domestic companies that managed to enter the market with their products, private design bureaus, companies engaged in the production of upholstered furniture, installation of PVC windows, installation of grilles, fences, gates, outdoor advertising, etc.

A career begins with studying at a specialized university. The profession requires fundamental technical knowledge. Design engineers usually do not have problems finding employment. The dean's offices constantly receive applications for young specialists, mainly, however, from state design bureaus. It is more difficult for a novice engineer to get a job in private companies involved in design development. The best option for a young designer is to get into a private design bureau. This guarantees interesting work on a wide variety of projects.

In the Russian language in the early 90s, the word “designer” appeared, denoting creative activity aimed at creating aesthetic and ergonomic technical means. When translating foreign publications and especially television and radio broadcasts, translators very often forget that English. designer has several meanings that are translated differently. Also, one should not confuse designers and draftsmen, who only draw a drawing in accordance with the state standard (ESKD) and are not directly involved in development. As a rule, the designer leads the development by drawing the drawing himself.

Functions of a design engineer

Typically, the designer receives from the industrial designer and marketing specialists the basic idea of the development, customer expectations, and also the requested technical characteristics, which together, expressed in an agreed document, is the technical specification for the development. After which the design process begins. Often, designs must match production capabilities, available materials, skills of workers, available packaging and possible delivery methods to the consumer.

The job of a design engineer is actually to issue design documentation to production, visualize the parts in the head, create a three-dimensional model, and transfer the model to a drawing. Passing technological control (analysis of the part for manufacturability, in short - is it possible to produce what is in the drawing with the available equipment) and regulatory control (compliance of the drawing with regulatory documents, correctness of design). Development of the design of mechanisms, units, machine components and equipment. The work depends on the scale of production, the larger the enterprise, the smaller the load (it is possible that one person spends his entire life working on one part), and in small organizations where the staff is limited, the designer will do a lot and also deal with related issues (control, manufacturability, testing ..).

If the equipment being developed has an impact on public safety, then a license is required to carry out such activities. For example, in the US a "professional engineer" license may be required. In Russia, a license for the right to carry out the corresponding development must be obtained by the development organization. Article 4 of Federal Law N128-FZ “On licensing of certain types of activities” states:

“Licensable types of activities include activities, implementation

Which may entail damage to the rights, legitimate interests, health of citizens, defense and security of the state, the cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation and the regulation of which cannot be carried out by methods other than licensing.”

However, this requirement generally does not apply to the development of devices for internal production needs.

In the practice of domestic production since Soviet times, the following division of designers into categories has been accepted:

uncategorized - performs simple work under the supervision of more experienced employees.
Category 3 - the same as without a category, in addition, he carries out drawings of the simplest assembly units under control.
Category 2 - the same as category 3, in addition, it develops individual assembly units of low complexity.
Category 1 - the same as category 2, in addition, it develops components and assemblies on the instructions of the leader.
leader - develops the fundamentals of the design, kinematics of the mechanism, carries out general coordination of development, etc.
chief (general) - carries out general management of the design departments of the enterprise and coordination of their actions.

Responsibilities of a Design Engineer

Develops preliminary, technical and working designs of particularly complex, complex and medium-complexity products, using design automation tools, best practices of competitive products, while ensuring compliance of the developed structures with technical specifications, standards, labor protection and safety standards, requirements of the most economical production technology, as well as the use of standardized and unified parts and assembly units.
Conducts patent research and determines indicators of the technical level of designed products.
Draws up kinematic diagrams, general layouts and theoretical connections of individual structural elements based on schematic diagrams and preliminary designs, checks working designs and controls drawings according to specialty or work profile, draws sketches of complex parts from nature and performs complex detailing.
Conducts technical calculations for projects, technical-economic and functional-cost analysis of the effectiveness of designed structures, as well as risk calculations when developing new products, draws up operating instructions for structures, explanatory notes to them, technical level maps, passports (including patent and license ), test programs, technical specifications, notices of changes in previously developed drawings and other technical documentation.
Studies and analyzes design documentation received from other organizations for the purpose of its use in design and construction.
Coordinates the projects being developed with other departments of the enterprise, representatives of customers and supervisory authorities, economically justifies the designs being developed.
Participates in the installation, adjustment, testing and commissioning of prototypes of products, assemblies, systems and parts of new and modernized designs, products manufactured by the enterprise, in the preparation of applications for inventions and industrial designs, as well as in work to improve the modernization, unification of designed products, their elements and in the development of draft standards and certificates.
Provides feedback and conclusions on draft standards, rationalization proposals and inventions relating to individual elements and assembly units.

Download job description
design engineer(.doc, 94KB)

I. General provisions

A design engineer belongs to the category of specialists.
For the position:
- A design engineer is appointed a person who has a higher professional (technical) education without presenting requirements for work experience or a secondary vocational (technical) education and work experience as a category I design technician for less than 3 years or other positions filled by specialists with secondary professional ( technical) education, at least 5 years;
- category III design engineer - a person who has a higher professional (technical) education and work experience in his specialty acquired during the training period, or work experience in engineering positions without a qualification category;
- design engineer category II - a person with a higher professional (technical) education and work experience as a design engineer or other engineering positions filled by specialists with higher professional education for at least 3 years;
- design engineer category I - a person who has a higher professional (technical) education and work experience as a design engineer category II for at least 3 years
Appointment to the position of design engineer and dismissal from it is made by order of the director of the enterprise
The design engineer must know:
1. 4.1. Resolutions, instructions, orders, methodological and regulatory materials relating to design preparation of production.
2. 4.2. Systems and design methods.
3. 4.3. Principles of operation, conditions of installation and technical operation of the designed structures, technology of their production.
4. 4.4. Prospects for technical development of the enterprise.
5. 4.5. Enterprise equipment, equipment and tools used.
6. 4.6. Technical characteristics and economic indicators of the best domestic and foreign samples of products similar to those being designed.
7. 4.7. Standards, methods and instructions for the development and execution of drawings and other design documentation.
8. 4.8. Technical requirements for the structures being developed, the procedure for their certification.
9. 4.9. Design automation tools.
10. 4.10. Modern means of computing, communications and communication.
11. 4.11. Methods for carrying out technical calculations during design.
12. 4.12. Materials used in structures and their properties.
13. 4.13. Procedure and methods for conducting patent research.
14. 4.14. Fundamentals of invention.
15. 4.15. Methods for analyzing the technical level of engineering and technology objects.
16. 4.16. Basic requirements for labor organization during design and construction.
17. 4.17. Fundamentals of technical aesthetics and artistic design.
18. 4.18. Fundamentals of computer-aided design systems.
19. 4.19. Advanced domestic and foreign experience in designing similar products.
20. 4.20. Fundamentals of economics, labor organization and management.
21. 4.21. Fundamentals of labor legislation.
22. 4.22. Internal labor regulations.
23. 4.23. Rules and regulations of occupational health, safety, industrial sanitation and fire protection.
During the absence of a design engineer (illness, vacation, business trip, etc.), his duties are performed by a person appointed in the prescribed manner. This person acquires the corresponding rights and is responsible for the proper performance of the duties assigned to him.

II. Job responsibilities

Design engineer:

Develops preliminary, technical and detailed designs of particularly complex, complex and medium complexity products, using design automation tools, best practices of competitive products, while ensuring compliance of the developed designs with technical specifications, standards, labor protection and safety regulations, and the requirements of the most economical production technology , as well as the use of standardized and unified parts and assembly units in them.
Conducts patent research and determines indicators of the technical level of designed products.
Draws up kinematic diagrams, general layouts and theoretical connections of individual structural elements based on schematic diagrams and preliminary designs, checks working designs and controls drawings according to specialty or work profile, draws sketches of complex parts from nature and performs complex detailing.
Conducts technical calculations for projects, technical-economic and functional-cost analysis of the effectiveness of designed structures, as well as risk calculations when developing new products, draws up operating instructions for structures, explanatory notes to them, technical level maps, passports (including patent and license ), test programs, technical specifications, notices of changes in previously developed drawings and other technical documentation.
Studies and analyzes design documentation received from other organizations for the purpose of its use in design and construction.
Coordinates the projects being developed with other departments of the enterprise, representatives of customers and supervisory authorities, economically justifies the designs being developed.
Participates in the installation, adjustment, testing and commissioning of prototypes of products, assemblies, systems and parts of new and modernized designs, products manufactured by the enterprise, in the preparation of applications for inventions and industrial designs, as well as in work to improve the modernization, unification of designed products, their elements and in the development of draft standards and certificates.
Provides feedback and conclusions on draft standards, rationalization proposals and inventions relating to individual elements and assembly units.

III. Rights

The design engineer has the right:

Get acquainted with the draft decisions of the enterprise management concerning its activities.
Submit proposals for improvement of work related to the responsibilities provided for in this job description for consideration by management.
Inform your immediate supervisor about all shortcomings in the production activities of the enterprise (its structural divisions) identified during the performance of your official duties and make proposals for their elimination.
Request personally or on behalf of the immediate supervisor from heads of departments of the enterprise and specialists information and documents necessary to perform his job duties.
Involve specialists from all (individual) structural units in solving the tasks assigned to it (if this is provided for by the regulations on structural units, if not, then with the permission of management).
Demand that the management of the enterprise provide assistance in the performance of its official duties and rights.

IV. Responsibility

The design engineer is responsible for:

For improper performance or failure to fulfill one’s job duties as provided for in this job description - within the limits determined by the current labor legislation of the Russian Federation.
For offenses committed in the course of carrying out their activities - within the limits determined by the current administrative, criminal and civil legislation of the Russian Federation.
For causing material damage - within the limits determined by the current labor and civil legislation of the Russian Federation.